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01.04 laboratory diagnosis and monitoring of hiv infection

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D
David Ngogoyo
Saúde e medicina
1 de 31
Module 1: Overview of HIV Infection Unit 01.04: Laboratory Diagnosis and Monitoring of HIV Infection
Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Introduction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HIV diagnosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tests that can be used ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Serological methods ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Window Period ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ELISA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rapid Tests ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Confirmatory Tests ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Alternative Confirmatory Strategies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Report sensitive Consider +ve A +ve -ve specific B +ve -ve sensitive A +ve -ve Report Indeterminate Report sensitive C +ve -ve + - - Low risk A +ve -ve sensitive specific B +ve -ve Report Report TRANSFUSION TRANSFUSION SURVEILLANCE DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSIS I II III WHO HIV antibody testing strategies + - + High risk Sensitivity >97% Specificity >95% SERIAL TESTING PARALLEL TESTING
False-Positive Result ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
False-Negative Result ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Indeterminate Result ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How to handle indeterminate results ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Unit 5B: Laboratory Monitoring and Follow-Up
Immunological Monitoring ,[object Object],[object Object]
CD4+ T-Cell Counts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Monitoring ARV Therapy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Factors Affecting CD4 Count ,[object Object],[object Object]
Use of CD4 T cells in HIV management ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Virological Monitoring ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Viral load ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Current use of viral load ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Resistance testing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Other tests: Hematological tests ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Others tests: Biochemistry tests ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Others tests: Biochemistry tests
Others ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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01.04 laboratory diagnosis and monitoring of hiv infection

  • 1. Module 1: Overview of HIV Infection Unit 01.04: Laboratory Diagnosis and Monitoring of HIV Infection
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  • 12. Report sensitive Consider +ve A +ve -ve specific B +ve -ve sensitive A +ve -ve Report Indeterminate Report sensitive C +ve -ve + - - Low risk A +ve -ve sensitive specific B +ve -ve Report Report TRANSFUSION TRANSFUSION SURVEILLANCE DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSIS I II III WHO HIV antibody testing strategies + - + High risk Sensitivity >97% Specificity >95% SERIAL TESTING PARALLEL TESTING
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  • 17. Unit 5B: Laboratory Monitoring and Follow-Up
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Notas do Editor

  1. Antigen test Not widely available in Kenya
  2. Serial testing is the minimum that can be used. Parallel testing is effective but costly. Never give out results with one screening test, as there is the risk of giving out some false positive results. Initial (screening) tests must be sensitive, while the confirmatory test must be specific.