Enhancing upland rice production in various agro_ ecosystem
1. Department of Agriculture
AGRI-PINOY PALAYAN R & D PROJECT
DA-RFO XII- CFCST Upland Rice Research Project
ENHANCING UPLAND RICE PRODUCTION
IN VARIOUS AGRO-ECOSYSTEMS IN
ARAKAN VALLEY COMPLEX
ONOFRE S. CORPUZ
SAMSON L. MOLAO
ZAINUDIN M. ADAM
PENDATUN E. DALAM
ABDUL S. SANGCUPAN
MOHAMAD T. NASA
RENE B. KUSIN
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D
2. INTRODUCTION
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Rice is an staple food in most of the Asian country
Grown in nearly all regions of the Philippines
Upland rice is one of the major crops in Arakan Valley
in 1980s
But due to high demand of rubber cup lump, farmers
shift to rubber plantation occupying areas for upland
rice
Oil palm, coconut and banana are also increasing
adaptation in the areas
The present study tries to enhance upland rice
production in various agro-ecosystem existing in the
area such as rubber, oil palm, coconut and banana
plantation applying vermi compost
3. OBJECTIVES
General: Enhancing uplandrice production in various agro-ecosystem
Specifically:
To characterize the upland rice cultivars used
To describe the bio-physical factors of the various agro-ecosystem of
the upland rice
To find out agro-ecosystem most appropriate for certain upland rice
varieties.
To determine growth and yield of the upland rice as influenced by
variety and various agro-ecosystem
To determine the dry biomass of upland rice as input to the estimation
of the carbon storage potential of upland rice field
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D
4. METHODOLOGY
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Survey/Site Identification and soil sample collection (3 bgrys.)
Procurement of Supplies and Materials
Land Preparation and field lay-out
Planting operation (Dinorado, Hinumay, Guyoden, 90 days, Kawilan,
Maluwa) (Jan 11, 2013; May 26, 2013)
Fertilization (Vermicast at 60 bags/ha)
Cultural Management
Data Collection
Harvesting to post harvesting operation
Consolidation of Data/Preparation of Reports
Study Area: Matalam (070 05’ N and 1240 54’ E), Pres. Roxas
(7015’1.45” N and 1250 3’ 20.87”E) and Arakan (150 05’ S and 1250W)
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D
5. METHODOLOGY
Expt’l Design: RCBD with 3 replication each agroecosystem
Statistical Analysis: ANOVA, t-test, RegressionCorrelation Analysis
Data Gathered
1. Plant agronomical characterization
2. Maturity indexes
4. Grain yield per ha
5. Plant biomass
6. Bio-physical characteristics of the various agro
ecosystem
7. Estimated Carbon storage
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D
7. METHODOLOGY
Biophysical Characteristics of the Upland Rice Area
CFCST Plot
Biological Characteristics
A. Climate
Type
Mean Annual Rainfall
Ave Monthly Rainfall
B. Edaphic
Soil pH
Soil Type
N
P
K
Physical Characteristics
A. Physiographic Attribute
Elevation
Soil Gradient/Slope
B. Plantation
C. Dominating vegetation cover
Brgy. Arakan
Brgy. Libpas
IV
2,326mm
215mm
IV
2,230mm
210mm
IV
2,232mm
210mm
6.0/7.0
Sandy Clay
Moderate
Moderate
inadequate
6.2/7.2
Sandy Loam
Sufficient
Moderate
inadequate
6.0/7.2
Sandy Clay
Moderate
Moderate
inadequate
148m
Plain
Banana
Palm Oil
Rubber Tree
Cogonal
97m
Moderate
Banana
Palm Oil
Rubber Tree
Cogonal
104m
Moderate
Banana
Palm Oil
Rubber Tree
Cogonal
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D
10. RESULTS
Table 1. Agronomic Characteristics of the upland rice varieties
Variety
P. Height
Length of
No. Tillers
Days
(cm)
Panicle
Flowering
Days
Maturity
Dinorado
156a
24.7ab
31a
62a
111.96a
Hinumay
176.1a
30.1a
30.3a
61a
113.2a
Kawilan
115.7b
35.1a
33.7a
58ab
112.87a
90 Days
94.6c
24.2ab
13.5b
55b
91.91b
Goyuden
128b
19.2b
17bc
67a
112.87a
Maluwa
124b
18.5b
20b
59a
105ab
Mean with the same letter subscript are not significant at 5% level
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D
11. RESULTS
Table 2. Yield and Biomass with estimated carbon density
Variety
Wt 1000
Seeds
(grams)
Yield
(kg/ha)
Biomass
(Kg/sq.m)
Dinorado
23.4a
6,280.35a
730a
0.33a
Hinumay
22a
7,245.05a
645a
0.29a
Kawilan
23a
3,816.67b
492b
0.22ab
90 Days
18.5b
3,650.10b
395c
0.18b
Goyuden
19b
5,426.25b
265c
0.12c
20.2b
4,724.50b
490b
0.22ab
Maluwa
Carbon
Potential
(Mt/ha)
Mean with the same letter subscript are not significant at 5% level
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D
12. RESULTS
Table 3. Yield (kg/ha) of upland rice varieties as influence by various agroecosystem
Variety
Crop
Season
Palm Oil
Rubber
tree
Coconut
Banana
Open
Area
Dinorado
1
2
5,171.91a
5,215.25a
3,044.88a
4,900.5a
4,499.87a
4.900.5a
4,360.35a
4,500.58a
4,205a
4,535.5a
Hinumay
1
2
5,711.78a
5,740.50a
3,691.99a
3,699.75a
4,941.41a
5,100.56a
4,367.60a
4,550.5a
4,250.25a
4,992.5a
2,835.20b
3,400.5b
2,120.54b
2,400.5b
2,184.00b
2,870.6b
2,189.85b
3,000.5b
3,010.5b
3,232.5b
2,799.44b
3,002.5b
2,028.00b
2,945.5b
2,802.92b
2,850.45b
2,224.08b
2,650.5b
3,100.2b
3,350.5b
4,095.39ab
3,998.5ab
3,014.82a
3,260.5a
3,645.73b
3890.6b
3,179.02b
3,596.65b
4,000.5b
4,035b
2,890.52b
3,102.5b
2,624.93b
3,000.3a
3,645.24b
3,885.5b
3,246.90b
3,567.45b
3,505.9b
3,600.5b
Kawilan
1
2
90 Days
1
2
Goyuden
1
2
Maluwa
1
2
Mean with the same letter subscript are not significant at 5% level
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D
13. RESULTS
Table 4. Yield (kg/ha) of upland rice varieties as influence by location/site
Variety
Crop Season
Arakan
Matalam
Pres. Roxas
1
2
5,600.9a
6,393.3a
5,400.5a
5,580.35a
5,512.4a
Hinumay
1
2
5,455.5a
5,588.9a
5,998.16a
6,445.05a
5,955.46a
6,121.5a
Kawilan
1
2
4,900.5b
4,994.4b
3,670.9b
3,821.67b
2,600.5b
2,623.3b
90 Days
1
2
3,450.9b
3,554.85b
3,469.9b
3,620.10b
3,412.6b
3,422.4b
Goyuden
1
2
4,900.3b
5,215.5a
5,005.5a
5,426.25a
4,100.5b
4,340.9b
Maluwa
1
2
2,998.5b
3,670.5b
4,600.3b
4,724.50b
3,997.56b
4,210.3b
Dinorado
Mean with the same letter subscript are not significant at 5% level
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D
14. RESULTS
Table 5. Correlation of Yield with various agro-ecosystems
Agroecosystem
B
Palm Oil +
rice
24.05
Rubber + rice
10.99
Coconut +
rice
8.35
Banana + rice
8.70
Open Area +
rice
8.22
SE
R
Prob
1.20
6.25**
0.001
0.99
4.05
0.052
0.85
4.76*
0.049
0.77
3.00
0.091
0.76
3.82
0.051
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D
15. Conclusion
• Hinumay and dinorado upland rice varieties
has the highest yield and biomass regardless
of agro-ecosystem
• The early maturing variety is 90 days and
maluwa
• Carbon storage potential of upland rice will
reach to a maximum of 0.33 Mt per ha.
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D
16. Recommendations
• Various agro-ecosystem can be utilized for
upland rice production specially during early
stage of the plantation
• Hinumay and dinorado can gave a maximum
yield of 5.2 to 5.7 tons respectively under oil
palm plantation with vermicast, thus
recommended for cultivation
• Wider spacing of plantations is advisable
when planning to introduce upland rice along
alleys
Onofre S. Corpuz, Ph.D