2. Classifying LifeClassifying Life
 There are over 2 million known speciesThere are over 2 million known species
of organisms.of organisms.
 All life is classified into 6 majorAll life is classified into 6 major
kingdoms.kingdoms.

4. Kingdom ArchaebacteriaKingdom Archaebacteria
 Bacteria live in harsh or extremeBacteria live in harsh or extreme
environmentsenvironments
 UnicellularUnicellular
 ProkaryoticProkaryotic
 Heterotrophic orHeterotrophic or
AutotrophicAutotrophic
 Cell walls withoutCell walls without
peptidoglycanpeptidoglycan

5.  Most other bacteriaMost other bacteria
 Live everywhereLive everywhere
 Some cause diseaseSome cause disease
 Some are helpfulSome are helpful
 UnicellularUnicellular
 ProkaryoticProkaryotic
 Heterotrophic orHeterotrophic or
AutotrophicAutotrophic
 Cell walls withCell walls with
peptidoglycanpeptidoglycan

6.  Most “diverse” kingdomMost “diverse” kingdom
 AquaticAquatic
 EukaryoticEukaryotic
 Mostly unicellular (algae are the exception)Mostly unicellular (algae are the exception)
 Heterotrophic or autotrophicHeterotrophic or autotrophic
 Ex.) Paramecium, amoeba, euglenaEx.) Paramecium, amoeba, euglena

7.  EukaryoticEukaryotic
 Multicellular (except yeast)Multicellular (except yeast)
 Mostly terrestrialMostly terrestrial
 Heterotrophic - Obtain food throughHeterotrophic - Obtain food through
absorptionabsorption
 Cell walls made of chitinCell walls made of chitin

8.  Eukaryotic and multicellularEukaryotic and multicellular
 Cell walls made ofCell walls made of cellulosecellulose
 AutotrophicAutotrophic
 ChloroplastsChloroplasts

9.  Multicellular and eukaryotic
 Heterotrophic
 Digest food internally
 No cell walls

10.  What do the following words have in common?What do the following words have in common?
 chien, inu, perro.chien, inu, perro.

11.  In science, each species is given a “scientificIn science, each species is given a “scientific
name.”name.”
 Ex.)Ex.) Canis familiarisCanis familiaris (scientific name for dog).(scientific name for dog).
 UniversalUniversal
 Latin.Latin.
 System of naming called “binomial nomenclature”System of naming called “binomial nomenclature”
 Carolus LinnaeusCarolus Linnaeus

12.  Genus name (first word) - always capitalizedGenus name (first word) - always capitalized
 Species name (second word) - never capitalizedSpecies name (second word) - never capitalized
 italics or underlineditalics or underlined
 Ex.)Ex.) Homo sapienHomo sapien oror Homo sapienHomo sapien

13.  Some organisms have theSome organisms have the
same genus name.same genus name.
 Ex.)Ex.) Felis domesticusFelis domesticus
Felis leoFelis leo
Felis tigrisFelis tigris
Same genusSame genus
Different species.Different species.
What is a species?What is a species?