Limits on State Powers

1. Article I Sections 9 & 10: Limitations on Congress and the States

3. The second provision prevented Congress from taxing the slave trade out of existence.

4. When was the importation of slaves officially banished in the U.S.?

6. The second provision prevented Congress from taxing the slave trade out of existence.

7. When was the importation of slaves officially banished in the U.S.? Jan. 1, 1808

8. Did this stop the slave trade?

10. The second provision prevented Congress from taxing the slave trade out of existence.

11. When was the importation of slaves officially banished in the U.S.? Jan. 1, 1808

12. Did this stop the slave trade?

13. - No, it continued illegally on an international basis as well as between states

14. Note: This clause is now obsolete.

17. - the writ is a piece of paper which states the reason why one is being held in custody (or prison); it prevents the govt from holding political enemies indefinitely for no specific charge

18. Congress cannot suspend this right except in times of rebellion or invasion to protect public safety

19. Has it ever been suspended in the U.S.?

21. - the writ is a piece of paper which states the reason why one is being held in custody (or prison); it prevents the govt from holding political enemies indefinitely for no specific charge

22. Congress cannot suspend this right except in times of rebellion or invasion to protect public safety

23. Has it ever been suspended in the U.S.?

24. - Yes, during the Civil War

27. Ex Post Facto Law = ?

29. Ex Post Facto Law = a law that declares an act to be a crime after it has been committed

30. These types of law are forbidden under the Constitution

31. Why is this a good idea?

33. Ex Post Facto Law = a law that declares an act to be a crime after it has been committed

34. These types of law are forbidden under the Constitution

35. Why is this a good idea?

36. - Kings and others used these tactics to punish and silence their enemies without regard for their rights. They are definitely tyrannical.

39. - a tax that is levied directly on a person just for existing; it cannot be avoided

40. Indirect taxes = taxes levied on activities that could be avoided if one so chooses such as sales taxes or import duties.

41. Also known as a capitation (or head) tax

42. Had to be proportional to the census results and equally levied across the nation – same tax on everyone

43. 16 th Amendment did away with this limitation, allowing federal govt to tax income directly w/o regard to the census or apportionment amongst the states

45. This type of tax was seen as anti-business, which it certainly is.

47. Congress cannot tax trade between the states even when that trade is carried on over the seas or other passages of water such as rivers

49. Appropriation = ?

51. Appropriation = specific amount of money set aside under the authority of Congress

52. Thus, Congress has the power of the purse.

53. Regular financial reports have to be filed by the Secretary of the Treasury

55. Neither can anyone holding a public office accept such titles or other gifts, money, or offices from another country without the permission of Congress

56. Why was this added?

58. Neither can anyone holding a public office accept such titles or other gifts, money, or offices from another country without the permission of Congress

59. Why was this added?

60. - to prevent abuses of nobility seen in other nations

61. - to prevent those in office from being beholden to foreign nations

63. Grant letters of marque or reprisal

64. Coin money

65. Issue bills of credit

66. Make anything other than gold or silver into legal tender to pay debts ( Hmm, is this one still followed? )

67. Pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law interfering with the obligations of contracts

68. Grant any title of nobility

70. Any net proceeds from such taxes will go into the U.S. Treasury

71. All such laws are subject to the revision and control of Congress

73. Tax ships entering their ports

74. Keep troops or ships of war in times of peace

75. Enter into any agreement or compact with another state or foreign power, or engage in war UNLESS invaded or in imminent danger which will not allow for a delay.

76. NOTE - This bears repeating: either Congress or the states had jurisdiction in the various areas of law. They were not supposed to share jurisdiction. If Congress was given a power, it was denied to the states and vice versa.