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Michael Sauers
Technology Innovation Librarian
Nebraska Library Commission
A brief history of eBooks
                      1988: NeXT       1989: Ben Bova
 1971: Project       Computer has                         1993: Apple
                      searchable
                                          publishes
  Gutenberg                                              Newton (PDA)
                        eBooks           Cyberbooks



                                                          1999: Rocket
2002: TabletPC      2002: Palm Treo    2000: Microsoft
                                                              eBook
 (technically         (PDA, then           Reader
                                                            (portable
  since 1989)        Smartphone)        (PC software)
                                                             reader)



   2004: Sony        2006: Sony ®         12/2007:       11/2009: Barnes
 Libré released         Reader          Amazon.com           & Noble
in Japan (1st gen   released in U.S.    releases the       releases the
      eInk)          (2nd gen eInk)        Kindle              Nook



01/2012: Ectaco                        10/2011: Sony       04/2010:
                    11/2011: Kindle
    jetBook                             Reader WiFi      Apple releases
                     Fire released
    released                             released          the iPad
1971: Project Gutenberg
• Started with the
  U.S. Constitution
  typed into a
  mainframe
• Now contains
  over 40,000 free
  e-texts in
  multiple DRM-
  free formats
1988: NeXT Computer
• First computer to
  include searchable
  eBooks.
• Oxford Shakespeare &
  Oxford Dictionary of
  Quotations
1989: Cyberbooks
• Foresaw the current
  state of eReaders
• Predicted the “end of
  publishing as we know
  it”
1993: Apple Newton
• The first “Personal
  Digital Assistant”
• “Newton Books”
• Suspended in 1998
1999: Franklin EB-500 Rocket eBook
• Ergonomic, ambidextrous
  design, about the size of a
  paperback
• Weighs only 22 ounces
• Stores about 4,000 pages--
  the equivalent of 10 novels
• Speech-quality audio for
  documents published with
  audio content
• Long battery life--17 to 33
  hours per charge
2000: Microsoft Reader
• PC eBook reading software
• ClearType technology
• Annotations
• Pan & Zoom
• Highlighting
• Dictionary
• Battery life dependent on
  platform (desktop vs. laptop)
• Suspended in 2012
2002: Palm Trēo
• Mobipocket Reader software
• Download content over the
  air (OTA)
• Desktop sync
• Annotation
• Highlighting
• Dictionary
• Software compatible with
  devices other than the Treo
2002: TabletPC
• Used in
  combination
  with Microsoft
  Reader
  software
• Promoted as a
  “reader” due
  to ability to
  easily convert
  screen to
  portrait mode
2004: Sony Libré
• First eInk-based
  device
• AAA batteries
• Available only in
  Japan
What is "eInk"
Content is not drawn, but “charged”




170 Pixels Per Inch (PPI)
Newspaper quality
Does not need power to hold a display, only to change it.
09/2006 eReader PRS-500
• Display
 •   eInk / non-backlit
 •   800x600 resolution
 •   Rotatable
 •   4-level grayscale
 •   Three text sizes

• 64MB built in storage
• SD/Memory Stick card
  slot
• USB data transfer
• Approximately 7,500
  page turns per charge
• Approx. 9oz
http://www.flickr.com/photos/shifted/1240167805
http://www.flickr.com/photos/shifted/2050405275/
06/2007: iPod Touch / iPhone
• Not an explicit eBook
  device
• Multiple reader
  software packages
  available
 •   Stanza
 •   Kindle
 •   Barnes & Noble
 •   eBook apps
• Backlit non-eInk
  display
12/2007: Sony PRS-505
• Minor
  improvements over
  the PRS-500
• 8 levels of grayscale
• Redesigned controls
• Additional memory
  card slot
12/2007: Amazon Kindle
• 6” screen
• 200-title storage
• Download wirelessly via
  “whispernet” (EVDO)
• QWERTY Keyboard
• Ability to add notes to
  text
• Basic Web access
02/2009: Kindle 2
• Redesigned controls
• WiFi added
• 1500-title storage
• 16 levels of grayscale
  (eInk Pearl)
• 20% faster page
  refresh
• Text-to-speech
  option
• 9.1mm thick
11/2009: Barnes & Noble Nook
• 6” eInk display and 3.5” color control
  display
• 12.1oz
• Android 1.5
• Can share a book once with another
  person for up to two weeks
04/2010: Apple iPad
• iBooks app included
• Kindle app available
• “text-to-voice” via
  VoiceOver
• 1.5lbs
• 9.7” backlit glossy screen
• Automatic screen rotation
• WiFi and/or 3G
• 9+ hours of battery life
  depending on Internet
  connectivity used
11/2010: Barnes & Noble Nook Color
• 15.8oz
• 7” screen
• WiFi
• 8GB internal
  storage
• MicroSD slot
• Android 2.2
• Rootable
06/2011: Nook Simple Touch
• 6” touch-screen
  display
• WiFi & USB
  connectivity
• 600x800 eInk Pearl
• 2GB internal storage
• microSD card slot
• Android 2.1
10/2011: Sony Reader WiFi (PRS-T1RC)
• eInk
• WiFi
• 5.9oz
• 16-level grayscale
• 6” screen
• 1.3GB internal storage
• MicroSD card slot
• Built in OverDrive
  support
11/2011: Kindle Touch
• 6” eInk Pearl touch
  display
• WiFi and/or 3G
• 4GB internal
  storage
• Available with or
  without ads
11/2011: Kindle Fire
• 14.6oz
• 7” LCD touch screen
• WiFi
• 8GB internal storage
• MicroSD slot
• Android 2.3
• Amazon Silk Browser
• Amazon’s competitor to
  the Nook color & Nook
  color tablet
01/2012: Ectaco jetBook
• 9.7” 1600x1200 display   • Speech recognition and speech
• Color eInk display         analysis Language Teacher and U-
                             Learn courses
• WiFi
                           • Pictured dictionaries for 38
• MicroSD slot               languages Cross translator for
• Text-to-Speech             180 languages
• 10,000 page turns
04/2012: nook GlowLight
• Touchscreen eInk
• Built-in light
• Front-lit
• Adjustable
  brightness
06/2012: WEXLER. Flex ONE
• Electronic Paper
  Display (EPD)
• Flexible
• 1024x768 eInk
  display
• 4mm thick
• 3.88 oz.
01/2013: Plastic Logic PaperTab
• Flexible (and experimental) e-ink 10.7-
  inch tablet runs on Intel's Core i5
  processor.
Major eBook File Formats
ePub                        Mobipocket
• .epub                     • .mobi
• Most common standard      • Supported by many platforms
• Supported by nearly       • Main format for use on the
  every device except the     Kindle
  Kindle                    • DRM can be added to it
• DRM can be added to it    Kindle
• Adobe DRM most            • .azw
  common form of DRM
  used for ePub (.acsm)     • Amazon’s proprietary format
                            • .mobi + DRM
Major eBook File Formats (cont’d)
PDF
• .pdf
• Common standard
• Supported by most devices
• DRM can be added to it
• Adobe DRM most common form of DRM used for PDF (.acsm)
• Best format for highly-formatted documents
• Ability to adjust display of the content (zoom, reflow text,
  adjust display coloring) is limited on most devices.
Thank You!

                   Michael Sauers
           michael.sauers@nebraska.gov
             http://travelinlibrarian.info/
     http://delicious.com/travelinlibrarian/ebooks


                   CC BY-NC 3.0
          The Nebraska Library Commission

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History of eBooks & eReaders v3.6

  • 1. Michael Sauers Technology Innovation Librarian Nebraska Library Commission
  • 2. A brief history of eBooks 1988: NeXT 1989: Ben Bova 1971: Project Computer has 1993: Apple searchable publishes Gutenberg Newton (PDA) eBooks Cyberbooks 1999: Rocket 2002: TabletPC 2002: Palm Treo 2000: Microsoft eBook (technically (PDA, then Reader (portable since 1989) Smartphone) (PC software) reader) 2004: Sony 2006: Sony ® 12/2007: 11/2009: Barnes Libré released Reader Amazon.com & Noble in Japan (1st gen released in U.S. releases the releases the eInk) (2nd gen eInk) Kindle Nook 01/2012: Ectaco 10/2011: Sony 04/2010: 11/2011: Kindle jetBook Reader WiFi Apple releases Fire released released released the iPad
  • 3. 1971: Project Gutenberg • Started with the U.S. Constitution typed into a mainframe • Now contains over 40,000 free e-texts in multiple DRM- free formats
  • 4. 1988: NeXT Computer • First computer to include searchable eBooks. • Oxford Shakespeare & Oxford Dictionary of Quotations
  • 5. 1989: Cyberbooks • Foresaw the current state of eReaders • Predicted the “end of publishing as we know it”
  • 6. 1993: Apple Newton • The first “Personal Digital Assistant” • “Newton Books” • Suspended in 1998
  • 7. 1999: Franklin EB-500 Rocket eBook • Ergonomic, ambidextrous design, about the size of a paperback • Weighs only 22 ounces • Stores about 4,000 pages-- the equivalent of 10 novels • Speech-quality audio for documents published with audio content • Long battery life--17 to 33 hours per charge
  • 8. 2000: Microsoft Reader • PC eBook reading software • ClearType technology • Annotations • Pan & Zoom • Highlighting • Dictionary • Battery life dependent on platform (desktop vs. laptop) • Suspended in 2012
  • 9. 2002: Palm Trēo • Mobipocket Reader software • Download content over the air (OTA) • Desktop sync • Annotation • Highlighting • Dictionary • Software compatible with devices other than the Treo
  • 10. 2002: TabletPC • Used in combination with Microsoft Reader software • Promoted as a “reader” due to ability to easily convert screen to portrait mode
  • 11. 2004: Sony Libré • First eInk-based device • AAA batteries • Available only in Japan
  • 12. What is "eInk" Content is not drawn, but “charged” 170 Pixels Per Inch (PPI) Newspaper quality Does not need power to hold a display, only to change it.
  • 13. 09/2006 eReader PRS-500 • Display • eInk / non-backlit • 800x600 resolution • Rotatable • 4-level grayscale • Three text sizes • 64MB built in storage • SD/Memory Stick card slot • USB data transfer • Approximately 7,500 page turns per charge • Approx. 9oz
  • 16. 06/2007: iPod Touch / iPhone • Not an explicit eBook device • Multiple reader software packages available • Stanza • Kindle • Barnes & Noble • eBook apps • Backlit non-eInk display
  • 17. 12/2007: Sony PRS-505 • Minor improvements over the PRS-500 • 8 levels of grayscale • Redesigned controls • Additional memory card slot
  • 18. 12/2007: Amazon Kindle • 6” screen • 200-title storage • Download wirelessly via “whispernet” (EVDO) • QWERTY Keyboard • Ability to add notes to text • Basic Web access
  • 19. 02/2009: Kindle 2 • Redesigned controls • WiFi added • 1500-title storage • 16 levels of grayscale (eInk Pearl) • 20% faster page refresh • Text-to-speech option • 9.1mm thick
  • 20. 11/2009: Barnes & Noble Nook • 6” eInk display and 3.5” color control display • 12.1oz • Android 1.5 • Can share a book once with another person for up to two weeks
  • 21. 04/2010: Apple iPad • iBooks app included • Kindle app available • “text-to-voice” via VoiceOver • 1.5lbs • 9.7” backlit glossy screen • Automatic screen rotation • WiFi and/or 3G • 9+ hours of battery life depending on Internet connectivity used
  • 22. 11/2010: Barnes & Noble Nook Color • 15.8oz • 7” screen • WiFi • 8GB internal storage • MicroSD slot • Android 2.2 • Rootable
  • 23. 06/2011: Nook Simple Touch • 6” touch-screen display • WiFi & USB connectivity • 600x800 eInk Pearl • 2GB internal storage • microSD card slot • Android 2.1
  • 24. 10/2011: Sony Reader WiFi (PRS-T1RC) • eInk • WiFi • 5.9oz • 16-level grayscale • 6” screen • 1.3GB internal storage • MicroSD card slot • Built in OverDrive support
  • 25. 11/2011: Kindle Touch • 6” eInk Pearl touch display • WiFi and/or 3G • 4GB internal storage • Available with or without ads
  • 26. 11/2011: Kindle Fire • 14.6oz • 7” LCD touch screen • WiFi • 8GB internal storage • MicroSD slot • Android 2.3 • Amazon Silk Browser • Amazon’s competitor to the Nook color & Nook color tablet
  • 27. 01/2012: Ectaco jetBook • 9.7” 1600x1200 display • Speech recognition and speech • Color eInk display analysis Language Teacher and U- Learn courses • WiFi • Pictured dictionaries for 38 • MicroSD slot languages Cross translator for • Text-to-Speech 180 languages • 10,000 page turns
  • 28. 04/2012: nook GlowLight • Touchscreen eInk • Built-in light • Front-lit • Adjustable brightness
  • 29. 06/2012: WEXLER. Flex ONE • Electronic Paper Display (EPD) • Flexible • 1024x768 eInk display • 4mm thick • 3.88 oz.
  • 30. 01/2013: Plastic Logic PaperTab • Flexible (and experimental) e-ink 10.7- inch tablet runs on Intel's Core i5 processor.
  • 31. Major eBook File Formats ePub Mobipocket • .epub • .mobi • Most common standard • Supported by many platforms • Supported by nearly • Main format for use on the every device except the Kindle Kindle • DRM can be added to it • DRM can be added to it Kindle • Adobe DRM most • .azw common form of DRM used for ePub (.acsm) • Amazon’s proprietary format • .mobi + DRM
  • 32. Major eBook File Formats (cont’d) PDF • .pdf • Common standard • Supported by most devices • DRM can be added to it • Adobe DRM most common form of DRM used for PDF (.acsm) • Best format for highly-formatted documents • Ability to adjust display of the content (zoom, reflow text, adjust display coloring) is limited on most devices.
  • 33. Thank You! Michael Sauers michael.sauers@nebraska.gov http://travelinlibrarian.info/ http://delicious.com/travelinlibrarian/ebooks CC BY-NC 3.0 The Nebraska Library Commission

Notas do Editor

  1. My name is Michael and I’m an eBook Curmudgeon.
  2. Mine’s autographed. Oh yeah, autograph my Kindle Mr. Bova!
  3. “The principal components of electronic ink are millions of tiny microcapsules, about the diameter of a human hair. In one incarnation, each microcapsule contains positively charged white particles and negatively charged black particles suspended in a clear fluid. When a negative electric field is applied, the white particles move to the top of the microcapsule where they become visible to the user. This makes the surface appear white at that spot. At the same time, an opposite electric field pulls the black particles to the bottom of the microcapsules where they are hidden. By reversing this process, the black particles appear at the top of the capsule, which now makes the surface appear dark at that spot.”http://www.eink.com/technology/howitworks.html
  4. Jenny Levine, Union Station
  5. http://www.ectaco.com/jetBook_Color/$499
  6. http://wexler-global.com/products/79/347
  7. http://www.engadget.com/2013/01/07/plastic-logic-reveals-paper-tablet-computer-a-thin-flexible/