1. Journal
Entries
[Chinese
Cultural
Revolu3on]
By:
Nav
Vanishchinchai

2. The
Li=le
Red
Book
Turning
Point
#1

3. Mao
Zedong's
Li=le
Red
Books
Mao
Zedong

4. Journal
#1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
On
December
2nd
1965,
the
Li=le
Red
Book
was
published.
It
had
a
vast
impact
on
the
Chinese
ci3zen’s
life.
The
Red
Guards
made
them
memorize
the
en3re
paragraph,
which
of
course
includes
me.
If
someone
was
caught
not
carrying
the
Li=le
Red
Book,
the
person
would
be
beaten
up
by
the
Red
Guards.
In
my
opinion,
this
is
very
nonsense
and
cruel.
Flash
back
in
3me,
Mao
Zedong
should
have
been
insane!
Didn’t
he
know
about
the
nega3ve
effect
of
“The
Great
Leap
Forward”
policy?
As
a
professor,
who
teaches
history
class,
at
Peking
University,
I
had
a
sense
since
the
very
beginning
that
this
would
not
work
out
well.
Although,
I
knew
that
Mao
would
like
to
improve
China’s
industry
rapidly
to
increase
the
industrial
produc3on
for
100%.
In
addi3on,
to
increase
the
agricultural
produc3on
for
35%,
farming
conjointly
in
the
common
ownership
system.
Therefore,
the
farmers
had
to
work
in
the
industrial
factories
instead.
Nevertheless,
the
result
appeared
to
be
that
it
was
a
mistaken
poli3cal.
The
Great
Leap
Forward
used
more
labor
than
technology.
The
cul3va3on
was
insufficient
for
the
ci3zens,
around
twenty
millions
starved
to
death.
Piteous
China.
Luckily,
Mao
lost
some
power
from
that
horrified
event.
On
the
other
hand,
unfortunately,
Mao
regained
even
more
power
afer
he
showed
up
with
“Quota3ons
from
Chairman”.
The
book
Quota3ons
from
Chairman,
or
be=er
known
as
The
Li/le
Red
Book,
is
a
book
of
selected
statements
from
speeches
and
wri3ngs
of
the
former
leader
of
Chinese
Communist
Party,
Mao
Zedong.

5. •
•
•
•
•
Which
for
some
kind
of
reason,
most
ci3zens
respected
and
obeyed
the
speech,
incau3ously.
The
head
of
the
na3onal
army,
Lin
Biao,
was
the
one
who
organized
hundreds
of
Mao’s
quotes
into
the
book.
According
to
Mao,
the
red
book
was
the
main
propaganda
representa3on
used
to
reinforce
Chairman’s
dominance
over
the
party
line.
At
the
same
3me,
I
could
feel
the
signal
of
the
Cultural
Revolu3on.
Chaos.
Even
though,
I
am
not
agreeing
with
this
policy,
I
could
do
nothing,
no
ways
to
against
without
gejng
into
a
huge
trouble.
Everybody
was
given
a
copy.
It
has
33
chapters,
427
of
Chairman
Mao’s
quota3ons.
I
turned
the
pages
over
roughly.
“
There
are
two
kinds
of
personality
cults.
One
is
a
healthy
personality
cult,
that
is,
to
worship
men
like
Marx,
Engels,
Lenin,
and
Stalin.
Because
they
hold
the
truth
in
their
hands.
The
other
is
a
false
personality
cult,
i.e.
not
analyzed
and
blind
worship.
”
Well,
to
be
honest,
Lenin
and
Stalin
were
the
reason
why
Russia
was
a
disaster.
Will
Mao
make
that
occur
in
China
too?
Unbelievably,
the
book
became
one
of
the
most
visible
icons.
I
s3ll
don’t
get
why
people
s3ll
obeyed
Mao
Zedong.
Don’t
they
remember
what
he
has
done
to
us
earlier
during
The
Great
Leap
Forward?
This
is
obviously
a
brainwashing.
And
I’m
sure
it
will
never
happen
to
me
just
like
those
fool
ci3zens.

6. Forma3on
of
the
Red
Guards
Turning
Point
#2

7. Red
Guard
ouoit
from
the
Cultural
Revolu3on
Li=le
Red
Guards

8. Journal
#2
•
•
•
•
This
is
disgruntled!
My
confident
for
being
a
great
teacher
incredibly
decreased.
I
thought
I
have
taught
my
students
well
enough
to
be
judicious
to
know
what
is
right
and
what
is
not.
On
the
opposite
side,
I
was
completely
wrong.
One
of
my
students,
Nie
Yuanzi,
was
one
of
the
leaders
of
group
of
university
and
high
school
students,
which
formed
into
paramilitary
units,
who
called
themselves
as
Red
Guards.
Or
maybe
Mao
Zedong
is
too
good
at
brain
washing.
The
Red
Guards
were
formed
on
May
29th
1966.
The
characters
of
the
Red
Guards
are
who
carries
the
Li=le
Red
Book
and
who
respected
Mao.
Which
meanwhile,
The
Great
Proletarian
Cultural
Revolu3on
have
started,
just
like
what
I
have
expected.
Driving
along
the
road,
I
consciously
waited
for
the
car
in
front
of
mine
to
move.
The
traffic
was
horrible.
Haply,
it
was
next
to
the
Tiananmen
Square.
Even
though
from
a
long
distance,
it
was
easy
to
no3ce
that
it
was
a
crowd
of
the
Red
Guards.
Ci3zens,
both
youths
and
adults,
with
a
green
ouoit
were
all
over
the
place.
There
was
Mao
Zedong,
the
god
of
brainwashing,
giving
out
a
speech
through
microphone.
His
voice
echoed
everywhere.
I
rolled
my
eyes,
3resomely.
The
policies
may
sound
benefit
to
the
ci3zens,
s3ll,
all
the
goods
would
return
to
himself.
Once
again,
what
a
selfish
thought.

9. •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
However,
it
seemed
like
the
Red
Guards
did
not
no3ce
it,
not
even
a
li=le.
Respect,
admire,
was
in
their
eyes
expression
toward
their
bogus
god.
Exhaled
heavily,
I
closed
my
eyelids
down
to
calm
myself
as
my
sight
caught
a
group
of
students,
my
students,
in
the
large
crowd.
Afer
the
speech,
they
all
cheered
and
hold
up
the
Li=le
Red
Book
together
at
the
same
3me
as
if
they
rehearsed
it
before.
Selfish
Mao
has
gained
even
more
power,
since
there
were
more
to
support
him.
As
what
I
have
men3oned
earlier,
these
young
ci3zens
were
fooled
and
educated
to
respect
Mao
as
a
god.
“One
of
the
students
in
your
history
class
was
beaten
up!”
Mr.
Wang,
a
professor
in
the
university,
yelled
breathlessly
afer
he
ran
from
a
far
distance,
meanwhile
I
was
enjoying
my
lunch
break.
My
spoon
dropped
with
shock.
Stood
up
swifly,
I
followed
Mr.
Wang
un3l
we
got
to
the
end
of
the
building.
“Stop!”
I
shouted
madly
at
those
five
cruel
students.
They
suddenly
stopped.
One
of
them
kicked
the
pi3ful
kid
once
more
for
the
last
3me
right
in
front
of
me.
“I
said
stop!”
My
voice
rose
even
higher.
“What
is
the
ma=er?
Why
did
you
have
to
do
this?!”
I
yelled
at
them.
My
temper
have
reached
to
the
highest
point.
“It
wasn’t
our
fault!
He
blamed
on
Mao
Zedong
first!”,
one
of
them
answered
loudly
as
he
pointed
at
the
poor
young
man,
blood
at
the
corner
of
his
lips,
purple
bruises
all
over
his
body.
The
signal
of
disaster
that
would
occur
in
China
have
appeared.

10. Destroy
the
Four
Olds
Turning
Point
#3

11. A
pro-­‐Revolu3on
propaganda
poster
featuring
Jiang
Qing,
bearing
the
slogan
"Let
the
new
socialist
performing
arts
occupy
every
stage"
Buddhist
images
of
worship
being
burnt
in
public
under
the
Destruc3on
of
the
Four
Olds
campaign

12. Journal
#3
•
•
•
Turning
my
face
away
from
the
propaganda
with
shock,
I
squeezed
my
fist
3ghtly.
On
June
1st
1966,
the
term
of
“Destroying
the
Four
Olds”
have
appeared.
I
took
a
look
at
the
most
painful
text
on
the
poster
once
again:
Destroy
the
old
customs,
old
habits,
old,
ideas,
and
old
culture.
Terribly
unlucky,
they
all
related
to
history.
History
is
my
life!
I
am
even
more
familiar
with
history
than
my
very
own
family.
Mao
Zedong
has
announced
the
reason
of
the
term
that
it
was
the
only
way
for
China
to
change,
for
a
new
China.
I
always
have
the
idea
of
how
China
was
hurt
from
World
War
II.
Nevertheless,
this
term
will
obviously
not
going
to
fix
this
situa3on,
at
all.
This
is
all
nonsense!
S3ll,
the
result
appeared
to
be
that
everybody
believed
him!
Fast
as
the
speed
of
light,
I
ran
into
my
study
room.
Selec3ng
a
few
of
the
most
important
history
books
I
owned,
I
held
them
in
my
arms
while
looking
at
the
rest
though
my
sad
eyes.
I
didn’t
have
much
3me.
Toward
my
bedroom,
I
ran
with
hurry.
I
lowered
my
head
to
be
able
to
reach
the
space
under
my
bed.
Moved
a
huge
box
away,
opened
one
of
the
wooden
plank
of
the
floor,
before
I
stuffed
the
books
into
it.
I
put
everything
into
place
where
it
originally
was.

13. •
•
•
•
•
My
room
was
kicked
open
by
the
Red
Guards.
It
nearly
scared
my
to
the
death.
One
of
them
ordered
the
other
four
to
search
my
house.
I
couldn’t
move
my
own
feet.
I
was
able
to
catch
my
breath
was
when
they
threw
my
proper3es
into
the
fire.
Two
guards
on
both
of
my
sides,
I
watched
my
precious
violin
burned
by
the
red
flame
slowing
into
a
black
dust,
along
with
uncountable
valuable
books.
A
drop
of
tear
slowly
rolled
down
from
the
corner
of
my
burning
eyes.
This
is
extremely
unacceptable!
Around
June
1966,
middle
schools
and
universi3es
throughout
the
country
closed
down.
The
result?
I
am
no
longer
a
professor,
my
precious
job
at
all
3me.
According
to
Mao
Zedong,
he
said
that
who
are
highly
educated
at
dangerous,
because
or
else
everybody
would
not
be
equal.
Guess
what?
I
don’t
think
that
is
his
truly
thought.
Nevertheless,
he
may
have
an
idea
that
who
has
a
higher
knowledge
would
be
harder
to
control
and
brainwash.
From
my
bedroom’s
window,
I
looked
out
at
a
crowd
of
Red
Guards
marching
down
along
the
street
through
the
white
thin
curtain.
Suddenly,
the
door
was
opened
violently.
Two
of
the
Red
Guards
in
a
green
ouoit
started
to
capture
and
drag
me
out.
Then,
I
no3ced
that
they
were
one
of
my
students
at
the
university.
I
was
sure
they
recognized
me,
but
it
did
not
ma=er
to
them
at
all.

14. Down
the
Countryside
Movement
Turning
Point
#4

15. He
humilia3on
of
two
men
at
a
mass
rally
in
Shenyang,
had
been
accused
of
being
a
'Capitalist
Roader’”.
This
poster
shows
how
to
deal
with
a
so-­‐called
"enemy
of
the
people"

16. Journal
Entry
#4
• My
consciousness
was
gone,
un3l
I
was
already
on
the
stage.
Many
of
my
professor
friends
were
there,
kneeling
down,
yelled
by
his
student.
At
the
same
3me,
the
same
youth
Red
Guard
who
dragged
me
here
pushed
my
shoulders
down
for
me
to
kneel
down.
The
pain
ran
though
my
knees;
however,
my
heart
was
much
worst.
He
started
to
rebuke
me
rudely.
The
professor
next
to
me
suddenly
stood
up
and
shouted
about
how
this
is
nonsense
and
foolish.
The
crowd
of
inhabitants
gasped
with
horror.
The
student
slapped
him,
followed
with
a
kick
and
dragged
down
from
the
stage
without
mercy.
• “He
would
probably
be
killed
with
a
gun”
• “Or
even
by
hanging
him”
• “But
I
think
he
would
be
hit
to
the
death”
The
crowd
started
the
cha=ering.
I
was
stunned.
With
no
wonder,
I
surrendered
and
face
the
truth.
Stared
at
the
calendar
on
the
wall,
I
exhaled
exhaustedly.
December
24th
1968.
Two
years
have
past,
only
two?
The
moment
of
happiness
always
past
swifly,
conversely,
the
moment
of
depression
and
pain
always
past
by
lazily.
For
not
gejng
myself
into
trouble,
I
deigned
to
be
on
Mao
Zedong’s
side.
Even
though,
I
truly
and
seriously
don’t,
at
all.
My
ac3ons
and
my
thoughts
was
completely
the
opposite.

17. • Reluctantly,
I
got
to
the
Tiananmen
Square,
wearing
the
Red
Guard
ouoit
with
a
Li=le
Red
Book
in
my
hand.
Listened
to
Mao
giving
out
a
ridiculous
speech,
I
was
standing
in
the
middle
of
an
enormous
crowd.
I
may
look
like
I
was
interested;
on
the
other
hand,
I
was
rolling
my
eyes
secretly.
•
• Mao
Zedong
started
to
talk
about
the
new
policy,
Up
to
the
Mountains
and
Down
to
the
Countryside
Movement.
Many
of
the
graduated
high
school
students,
which
became
known
as
the
Rus3cated
Youth
of
China,
were
forced
to
get
out
of
the
ci3es
and
exiled
to
remote
areas
of
China,
in
order
for
them
to
learn
from
the
workers
and
farmers
there.
On
the
other
hand,
man
of
them
lost
the
opportunity
to
a=end
universi3es.
Mao
was
born
to
destroy
my
life,
to
destroy
China.
•
• “Move!
Move!
Faster!
Get
in!”
Another
Red
Guard
shouted
at
youths
who
were
gejng
on
the
bus,
unwillingly.
Meanwhile,
I
spo=ed
a
young
man.
He
was
my
neighbor’s
only
son.
From
my
memory,
he
was
an
intelligent
and
talented
kid.
Earlier,
I
have
predicted
that
he
would
have
an
excellent
occupa3on
with
a
bright
future.
A
cleaver
student
who
was
raised
in
a
high-­‐class
family,
turned
into
an
ordinary
present. From living in a
comfortable
environment
with
others
doing
things
for
him
for
most
of
the
3me,
was
forced
to
farm
and
work
all
day
long.
Unfortunately,
Mao
Zedong
destroyed
it
pi3lessly.

18. •
• As
the
truck
drove
away,
I
could
no3ce
the
sadness
in
their
eyes.
All
looked
back
at
their
hometown,
Beijing,
with
pain.
The
vibra3on
of
the
truck
shook
their
body,
as
if
it
was
racking
their
heart
bit
by
bit.
The
vehicle
shrunk
smaller
and
smaller,
un3l
it
was
out
of
sight.

19. Gang
of
Four
Turning
Point
#5

20. "Decisively
Throw
Out
the
Wang-­‐Zhang-­‐Jiang-­‐Yao
An3-­‐
Party
Clique!"
The
body
of
the
"Great
Chairman"
lying
in
state,
as
people
came
to
pay
their
last
respects
to
him
afer
his
death
on
September
9,
1976

21. Journal
#5
•
•
•
Along
the
past
ten
years,
I
have
never
been
this
cheerful
and
happy.
The
devil
of
China,
Mao
Zedong
is
dead.
I
marked
the
important
date
into
my
mind,
September
9th
1976,
the
date
of
freedom.
His
death
symbolized
as
the
loss
of
the
revolu3onary
founda3on
of
Communist
China.
When
Mao’s
death
was
declared
on
September
9th
in
the
afernoon,
they
have
en3tled
“A
No3ce
from
the
Central
Commi=ee,
the
NPC,
State
Council,
and
the
CMC
to
the
whole
Party,
the
whole
Army
and
to
the
people
of
all
na3onali3es
throughout
the
country.”
A
while
later,
the
Gang
of
Four
lost
their
remaining
power
and
were
imprisoned.
Which
includes
Mao’s
third
wife,
Jiang
Qing,
and
the
three
Shanghai
poli3cians,
Yao
Wenyuan,
Zhang
Chunqiao,
and
Wang
Hongwen.
On
October
6th
1976,
each
member
of
the
Gang
of
Four
was
informed
to
a=end
an
emergency
session
of
the
Politburo,
took
place
in
the
Great
Hall
of
the
People
in
Beijing.
Afer
Mao’s
death,
a
power
struggle
occurred
between
the
“lefists”,
the
Gang
of
Four,
and
the
righ3st,
an
alliance
led
by
Deng
Xiaoping
and
Marshell
Ye
Jianying.
At
that
moment,
the
nominal
head
of
the
country
was
Mao’s
denominated
heir,
Hua
Guofeng.
Even
though,
Hua
had
a
clear
faith
toward
Mao.
At
the
same
3me,
it
was
unclear
if
he
should
support
the
“lefist
or
the
“righ3st.”

22. •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
In
regard
to
Mao
Zedong’s
death,
both
sides
turned
out
to
convinced
or
even
forced
Hua
to
surrender
power
to
them.
The
Gang
of
Four
was
especially
aggressive,
radical
and
forceful.
They
con3nued
blaming
Deng
and
his
righ3st
ally.
Finally,
Hua
leaning
toward
the
righ3st,
afer
almost
three
weeks
struggle.
Marshell
Ye
suggested
arres3ng
the
Gang
of
Four,
Hua
agreed
with
him.
S3ll,
they
had
an
idea
of
how
it
was
not
an
easy
task.
The
military
was
in
the
control
of
the
Gang
of
Four.
One
by
one,
military
crew
captured
them
as
soon
as
they
passed
through
the
doors.
It
was
all
done
excellently
efficiency.
Without
gunfire,
the
members
and
some
of
the
associates
were
apprehended.
Transported
to
Qincheng
prison,
the
Gang
of
four
and
their
associates
were
sent
to
the
maximum-­‐security
prison
located
in
northwestern
Beijing,
in
the
same
night.
In
1981,
the
prosecu3on
separated
poli3cal
errors
from
actual
crimes.
The
scramble
of
state
power
and
party
leadership,
the
persecu3on
of
some
750,000
people,
34,375
of
whom
died
during
the
period
of
1966-­‐1967.
The
official
records
of
the
tril
have
not
yet
been
released.
Received
death
sentences,
Jiang
Qing
and
Zhang
Chunqiao
that
were
later
commuted
to
life
imprison.
Meanwhile,
Wang
Hongwen
and
Yao
Wenyuan
were
given
life
and
twenty
years
in
prison.
All
of
the
members
have
since
died;
Jiang
Qing
commi=ed
suicide
in
1991,
Wang
Hongwen
died
in
1992,
and
Zhang
Chunqiao
and
Yao
Wenyuan
died
in
2005.
The
Gang
of
Four
deserved
it.
They
have
done
extremely
uncountable
horrified
and
cruel
things
to
the
Chinese
ci3zens.
China
has
met
peaceful
once
again.
Finally.

23. Cita3on
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
"Asia
Finest
Discussion
Forum
China's
School
Uniform."
Asia
Finest
Discussion
Forum
China's
School
Uniform.
N.p.,
n.d.
Web.
26
Feb.
2014.
"Cultural
Revolu3on
Age2
by
Fizzykim
on
DeviantART."
Cultural
Revolu3on
Age2
by
Fizzykim
on
DeviantART.
N.p.,
n.d.
Web.
26
Feb.
2014.
"Epoch
Times
Commentaries
on
the
Communist
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-­‐
Part
7."
The
Epoch
Times.
N.p.,
n.d.
Web.
26
Feb.
2014.
"Evolu3on
and
Revolu3on:
Chinese
Dress
1700s-­‐1990s
-­‐
The
Cultural
Revolu3on:
The
Four
Olds."
Evolu;on
and
Revolu;on:
Chinese
Dress
1700s-­‐1990s
-­‐
The
Cultural
Revolu;on:
The
Four
Olds.
N.p.,
n.d.
Web.
26
Feb.
2014.
"Gang
of
Four."
Wikipedia.
Wikimedia
Founda3on,
22
Feb.
2014.
Web.
26
Feb.
2014.
"James'
Info
Matrix:
When
a
‘Chinese
God’
Died
–
Mao
Zedong
and
the
Cultural
Revolu3on
(Part
1b)."
James'
Info
Matrix:
When
a
‘Chinese
God’
Died
–
Mao
Zedong
and
the
Cultural
Revolu;on
(Part
1b).
N.p.,
n.d.
Web.
26
Feb.
2014.
"Mao
Zedong's
Li=le
Red
Book
and
Posters."
Mao
Zedong's
LiVle
Red
Book
and
Posters.
N.p.,
n.d.
Web.
26
Feb.
2014.
"Mao
Zedong."
Wikipedia.
Wikimedia
Founda3on,
25
Feb.
2014.
Web.
25
Feb.
2014.
"
OCR,
Edexcel,
CiGCSE,
WJEC."
China.
N.p.,
n.d.
Web.
26
Feb.
2014.
"Un3tled
Document."
Un;tled
Document.
N.p.,
n.d.
Web.
26
Feb.
2014.