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<< CHAPTER 14                                                                   < CONTENTS >
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur                                                   DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES        199

                                            Chapter – 15
                                   DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES

15.1. INTRODUCTION                                          15.2     GENERAL POLICIES AND STRATEGIES
        Based on the issues, problems and potentials             Within the framework of Goals, Objectives and
evolved from the study of settlements and within the        the Development Concept the general District Devel-
frame work of the goals and objectives, the key sec-        opment Policy can be stated as
tors, where planning interventions are required are
                                                                      “To make the district a thriving economic
identified. We have the spatial structure of the district
                                                            growth hub of the state by enhancing economy through
which is evolved from the hierarchy of settlements,
                                                            optimum utilization of resources while conserving its
connectivity and activity pattern. The environmental
                                                            environmentally sensitive areas where equitable dis-
aspects of the district are also studied. Based on the
                                                            tribution of facilities enable people to live a better qual-
above, and incorporating the spirit of the development
                                                            ity life.”
goals, development concept has been formulated. Sub-
sequently development zones were delineated, trans-         15.3. DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES – 2021
ferring the development concept into ground. Now,                 Future development strategies for the district
based on the tentative development concept, devel-          have been formulated based on findings of analysis,
opment policies have to be framed. This chapter at-         development concept and the development policy. In
tempt to develop the General Policies and Strategies        view of the development policy the strategies are
for integrated and concept based planned development        grouped as follows:
of the District. The desirable directions of future de-
                                                                   1. Environmental Protection & Sustainable De-
velopment of the district, evolved in the District Spa-
                                                                      velopment Strategies.
tial Plan are also summed up in this chapter.
                                                                   2. Strategies to enhance the economic growth
        The development concept derived for the dis-
                                                                      through optimum utilization of resources
trict aim at
                                                                   3. Social welfare strategies/ Strategies for pro-
          Environmental protection and sustainable
                                                                      vision of equitable distribution of facilities
          development
          Optimum utilisation of resources                  15.3.1 Environmental Protection & Sustainable
          Integration of primary, secondary and tertiary    Development Strategies
          sectors
                                                                    To attain long-term sustainability of natural re-
          Ensuring local economic development and
                                                            sources, the land utilization pattern must be designed
          generation of better opportunities
                                                            to ensure that the natural basis of living is sustained in
          Balanced development and equitable
                                                            the long run, i.e. the use of land should correspond to
          distribution of facilities
                                                            its natural potential. Environmental damage, already
          Attain certain level of self sufficiency in
                                                            occurred shall be mitigated and damaging develop-
          production sectors
                                                            ments shall be avoided in future.


                                                                   Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
200   DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES                                                             District Spatial Plan - Thrissur


       Surveillance of natural eco systems and unique             agricultural activities, and the provision of
       bio diversity in the western gaht reserve forest           natural amenities, including landscapes.
       area of the district.                                      Conversion of fallow land and waste land into
       Conservation of unique “kole land” areas which             agricultural land
       act as food granaries within the district                  Restrict diversion of prime agricultural lands
       Protecting flora, fauna, water and soil through            for other purposes
       traditional methods.                                       Adoption of modernization techniques to
       Enhance the non conventional energy sources                improve production of goods and thus to attain
       like solar energy, tidal energy and wind energy.           certain level of self sufficiency in food crops.
       Eco friendly, sustainable and judicial utilization         Develop agro based industries and food
       of natural resources and environmental wealth              processing units in the Intensive Agricultural
       of the district for local economic growth                  Zone and increase the income of the district.
       through eco tourism, value added products,                 Create an administrative framework which can
       extraction of resources within the carrying                promote integration.
       capacity limits and so forth.                              Co-ordination of various agencies such as
       Prevention of reclamation/conversion of kole               environment, irrigation, agriculture and soil
       land / paddy lands                                         and water conservation etc.
       Conservation of water bodies and natural
                                                            ♦ Develop animal husbandry sector complemen-
       drainage networks.
                                                            tary to agricultural sector through
       Enhance the ground water recharging and
       rainwater harvesting to improve the ground                 Augmenting the production potentialities of
       water table and thus to solve water scarcity               livestock and poultry and thus increasing the
       problems of the district to the extent possible.           production of milk, egg and meat.
       Abatement of water, air and noise pollution.               Providing necessary and timely modern
       Developing efficient and sustainable solid                 veterinary assistance and health cover to the
                                                                  livestock and poultry.
       waste management system
                                                                  Improve infrastructure facilities; implement
                                                                  schemes for the development of livestock and
15.3.2 Strategies to enhance the economic growth                  poultry products for self sufficiency.
through optimum utilization of resources                          Restoration and protection of grazing lands
♦ Develop agricultural sector as one of the economic ♦ Develop tourism as a major sector of economy
  bases of the District as most of the agricultural areas through various measures such as
   of the district are concentrated in the intensive
                                                                  Improve infrastructure facilities and
   agriculture zone of the district and general                   connectivity network
   character of most of the settlements are rural. This
                                                                  Make proper waste management plants/
   can be achieved through:                                       systems in tourist centers.
       Developing sustainable agriculture which                   Provide Guided Tours.
       involves three aspects: an economically viable             Build better co-ordination between line
       agricultural production system, the
                                                                  departments and agencies for time bound
       maintenance or enhancement of the natural
                                                                  implementation of tourism projects.
       resource base and eco-systems affected by
                                                                  Start tourism study centre.
Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur                                                     DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES       201
          Protect beach area from natural threats.                   Enhance the small scale and house hold
          Harness the direct and multiplier effects of               industrial activities which support value
          tourism for employment generation, economic                addition of agriculture, fisheries and marine
          development and providing impetus to rural                 products.
          tourism.                                                   Provision of trained manpower in par with the
          Focus on domestic tourism as a major driver of             anticipated demand due to industrial growth
          tourism growth;                                            Need to preserve the environment and ensure
          Acknowledge the critical role of private sector            the efficient use of available resources in a
          with government working as a pro-active                    prominent way.
          facilitator and catalyst.
          Create and develop integrated tourism circuits
                                                             15.3.3. Social welfare strategies/ Strategies for
          based on India’s unique civilization, heritage
                                                             provision of equitable distribution of facilities
          and culture in partnership with States, private
                                                                     Safeguard the individual rights of every person
          sector and other agencies
                                                                     in view of the principle that every human being
♦ Develop fisheries sector to enhance local
                                                                     has the right to live and enjoy the basic
  economic growth through various measures                           necessities of life
  such as                                                            Planning and preparedness to prevent or
     Promote fish markets, fish preservation and                     mitigate the effects of problems encountered
     production units, export and import of marine                   by vulnerable populations.
     products, ice plants, aquaculture farms,                        Develop, at different levels, the appropriate
     ornamental fish trading units, fish seed farms,                 specific social policies and strategies
                                                                     To monitor the economic, socio-cultural,
     fish farmers clubs, value added marine
                                                                     political and technological interests of the
     product outlet units, development of fish
                                                                     population, paying special attention to the
     harbour & boat building yards, production and                   needs and rights of minorities.
     maintenance units of machineries in the                         Developing indicators and quality standards in
     ‘accelerated growth zone – marine’ of the                       order to measure and evaluate the impact of
     district.                                                       social welfare/social security programmes and
     Increase salt water fishing harvest                             implementing programmes to fill the gaps
     Training in inland fish farming, maintenance                    identified
                                                                     Providing a hierarchial system of settlements/
     of fishing equipment, and in fishing skills.
                                                                     nodes supported with a network of transport
     Improve equipment availability to fishermen
                                                                     corridors so as to ensure equitable distribution
                                                                     of facilities in the district
♦ Developing Thrissur-Kochi corridor as an
  Economic Development Corridor through
                                           15.4 DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES
  various measures such as
          Promoting industries, industrial parks, Special           The district spatial plan for Thrissur aim at planned
          Economic Zones (SEZ’s), IT & Info Parks, Quality   sustainable and integrated spatial development of the
          Education and Health care institutions etc         district. In connection with the preparation of the Plan


                                                                  Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
202       DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES                                                           District Spatial Plan - Thrissur

detailed studies of the profile and regional setting of            9.        Edavilangu
the district, trend and level of urbanization in the dis-
                                                                   10.       Pavaratty
trict, economic base and regional connectivity of the
district etc were conducted leading to evolution of func-          11.       Adat
tional character and hierarchy of settlements of the dis-          12.       Manalur
trict. Further the activity pattern of each Local Govern-
                                                                   13.       Cherpu
ment is evolved by integrating urban profile (urban/
non urban), functional character (Urban/Semi Urban/                14.       Eriyad
Semi Rural/Rural) and land use concentration pattern               15.       Sreenarayanapuram
(Urban/Agricultural/Plantation /forest) of Local Govern-
                                                                   16.       Methala
ments in the district. The spatial structure of the dis-
trict is evolved by integrating the activity pattern, re-          17.       Puukkad
gional connectivity and hierarchy of settlements. The              18.       Mala
development goals and objectives of the district were
                                                                   The likely future urban profile of the district
derived based on findings of various studies. The ten-
                                                             evolved is shown in the table 15.1
tative development concept of the district is formu-
lated by synthesis of findings of studies in the orbit of           LSGs adjacent to Thrissur Municipal Corporation
goals and objectives over the district platform. The de-     and those along the National High way can be assumed
velopment concept so derived will provide the required       to attain urban status in the next 10 years and the re-
frame work for integrated development of the district.       maining LSGs to become urban within the next 20 years.
Broad development policy for the district and the strat-     Five LSGs (Adat Grama Panchayat, Pavaratty Grama
egies to achieve them were also framed. The develop-         Panchayat, Eriyad Grama Panchayat, Mala Grama
ment directions of Thrissur district evolved in the Dis-     Panchayat, Methala Grama Panchayat) will attain ur-
trict Spatial Plan for the district are consolidated here-   ban status in 2011 and six LSGs (Edavilangu Grama
under:                                                       Panchayat,       Valappad       Grama      Panchayat,
                                                             Sreenarayanapuram Grama Panchayat, Pudukkad
15.4.1 Future Urban Profile                                  Grama Panchayat, Manalur Grama Panchayat, Cherpu
      Following local governments are expected to            Grama Panchayat) will attain urban status in 2021.
define the future urban profile of the District.                   The future urban profile of Thrissur District show-
      1.         Thrissur Municipal Corporation              ing the existing urban local governments and the LSGs
                                                             that will attain urban status by 2011 and by 2021 is rep-
      2.         Guruvayur Municipal Council
                                                             resented in Fig 8.9 of Chapter 8.
      3.         Chavakkad Municipal Council
                                                             15.4.2 Development zones and functions of settle-
      4.         Irinjalakkuda Municipal Council
                                                             ments
      5.         Kodungallur Municipal Council
                                                             a. Development zones
      6.         Chalakkudy Municipal Council
                                                                    The tentative development concept formulated
      7.         Kunnamkulam Municipal Council               for Thrissur District has given due respect to the unique
      8.         Valappad                                    cultural and heritage character of the district, optimum
                                                             utilization of resources, self sufficiency in production


Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur                                                  DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES      203
        Table 15.1: Future urban profile of the District
          Existing Urban areas                                Future probable urban areas
          1. Thrissur Municipal Corporation                   1. Valappad
          2. Kunnamkulam Municipal Council                    2. Edavilangu
          3. Chalakkudy Municipal Council                     3. Pavaratty
                Irinjalakkuda Municipal Council               4. Adat
                Kodungallur Municipal Council                 5. Manalur
                Guruvayur Municipal Council                   6. Cherpu
                Chavakkad Municipal Council                   7. Eriyad
                                                              8. Sreenarayanapuram
                                                              9. Mehtala
                                                              10. Pudukkad
                                                              11. Mala


sectors, local economic growth and above all conserva-     which are derived from the development concept. The
tion of environmentally sensitive areas of the district.   proposed major functions of settlements in Thrissur
As per the development concept thus derived, the dis-      district derived through integrating their existing ac-
trict is divided into eight development zones and fu-      tivity pattern and the nature of developments sug-
ture hierarchy of each settlement and node are set and     gested in the development zone(s) in which they are
a future transportation network connecting the higher      included are as given hereunder:
order settlements and nodes are planned (See fig 14.9
                                                                  Whatever may be the major function identified
of Chapter 14). A development zone is delineated by
                                                           for a settlement, if any part of the settlement fall in
grouping the settlements possessing similar major eco-
                                                           Environmental Concern Zone, developments that may
nomic activity pattern as per the settlement studies. In
                                                           adversely affect the environmental concerns of that
other words, the thrust development sector of each
                                                           zone shall not be permitted in such parts . In the case of
Grama Panchayat or Municipal Council is specified.
                                                           Environmental Concern Zone along coastal areas regu-
       The Development Zones evolved for Thrissur dis-     lations like CRZ will be applicable. In the case of kole
trict and the nature of developments suggested in each     lands and other wet lands included in Environmental
zone are as given in Table 15.2.                           Concern Zone, agriculture and allied activities that are
                                                           non detrimental to the environmental concerns of the
     The Development Zone in which each local gov-
                                                           area are allowable. Forest related primary activities
ernment of the district is included is given in Annexe
                                                           including eco tourism; Aromatic & Medicinal plant pro-
18.
                                                           duction, aforestation, plantation etc will be permitted
b. Functions of settlements                                in non forest areas of Environmental Concern Zone
      The function of a settlement is determined by        along eastern high land areas of the district.
combining the effect of activity pattern and the zones
                                                                Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
204    DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES                                                                   District Spatial Plan - Thrissur

Table 15.2 – Nature of developments suggested in various development zones

  Sl.No    Development Zones                                      Nature of developments suggested

  1        Environmental Concern Zone             Developments that will not adversely affect the environmental
                                                  concerns of the area viz.cultivation, forest related primary
                                                  activities including eco tourism; Aromatic & Medicinal plant
                                                  cultivation, aforestation, plantation etc. as the case may be.

  2        Intensive Agricultural Zone            Agriculture related activities, Small scale industries promote
                                                  value addition of production from agriculture and animal
                                                  husbandry ie production units, chocolate production, coir
                                                  industry, oil factory, Milk societies, Cattle feed etc

  3        Economic Development Corridor(EDC) Large and medium scale industries, industrial park, , Quality
                                              Education and Health service institutions etc.
  4        Accelerated Growth Zone – Industrial Large and small scale and house hold industrial activities which
                                                 support value addition of agriculture, fisheries and marine
                                                 products
  5        Accelerated    Growth      Zone     – Infrastructure facilities including Hospitals, Health Institutions
           Institutional                         and educational facilities, industries etc.
  6        Accelerated Growth Zone – Marine       Industries accelerate marine products, fishing etc.
  7        Multifunction Zone I                   First order service activities, IT parks, Tourism, banking,
                                                  infrastructure facilities, Real estate, textile, gold industry, Printing
                                                  industry, brick and tile industry etc
  8        Multifunction Zone II                  Second order service activities, tourism, banking, infrastructure
                                                  facilities, Real estate, textile, Printing industry, brick and tile
                                                  industry etc


      Thrissur Municipal Corporation falls in the                    industries like processing units, value addition
      Multifunction zone I and the main activity of                  units etc in this connection also have potential.
      Thrissur Municipal Corporation is tertiary                     Suitable projects and programmes are to be
      activity and will act as a service centre for the              implemented to exploit the urban potential of
      entire district and will be seat of Higher order               this zone.
      facilities like super specialty hospitals/other                Municipal towns of Guruvayoor, Irinjalakkuda,
      major health institutions, five star hotels, IT                Kodungalloor, Kunnamkulam, Chavakkad and
      parks, educational facilities etc. Besides,                    Grama Panchayats of Eriyad and Methala fall in
      Thrissur Municipal Corporation acts as cultural                Multifunction Zone II. Here the basic function
      centre of District as well as the state. Thrissur              is tertiary activities of second order. These LSGs
      Municipal Corporation has also good role in                    will act as a service centers for the respective
      industrial sector also. This zone is surrounded                hinter lands and is very much suitable for
      by intensive agriculture zone. So agro and allied              industries utilizing agricultural produces of



Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur                                               DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES      205
          hinter land. Second order Service activities,          value addition of primary production
          Tourism, banking, infrastructure facilities, Real      (agriculture, marine etc…) and local resources.
          estate, textile Industry, Printing industry, brick     Non polluting service sector industries like IT
          and tile industry etc will be promoted here.           can also be promoted. Tertiary/service sector
          Grama Panchayats of Kadavallur, Chelakkara,            activities to support secondary sector activities
          Desamangalam,         Elavally,     Erumapetty,        are also promoted. Large and medium scale
          Kadangode, Kandanassery, Kondazhy, Kuzhur,             industries, industrial park, IT & Info Parks,
          Madakkathara ,Mulloorkara, Nadathara, Panjal,          Quality Education and Health service
          Pariyaram,       Pazhayannoor,        Pookkode,        institutions etc are suggested in LSGs along
          Thekkumkara,                    Thiruvilwamala,        Economic Development Corridor (EDC).
          Vadakkancherry, Vadakkekkad, Vallathol Nagar,          Kaiparamba Grama Panchayat is in the
          Varavoor and Velur fall fully in Intensive             Accelerated Growth Zone – Institutional. The
          Agriculture Zone. These Grama Panchayats will          Grama Panchayat will specialize in service
          specialize in primary agriculture and allied           sector institutions like health, education,
          activities. Tertiary service sector activities         research and training along the transportation
          including eco tourism, farm tourism etc which          corridors and primary agriculture activity in
          are in conformity in the zone can also be              hinter land area.
          promoted.                                              Grama Panchayats of Orumanayoor & Pavaratty
          Portions of Grama Panchayats of Arimpur,               fall, fully in Accelerated Growth Zone Marine.
          Athirapilly, Chazur, Kattakampal, Kodassery,           These Grama Panchayats will specialize in
          Pananchery,         Porkulam,         Punnayur,        production, value addition and marketing of
          Punnayurkulam,            Puthur,        Tholur,       marine produces and all allied activities. Also
          Varantharappilly that fall in Intensive                portions of Grama Panchayats of Edathuruthy,
          Agriculture Zone are in Environmental Concern          Edavilangu,         Engadiur,    Kadappuram,
          Zone. Agriculture and allied activities that are       Kaippamangalam, Mathilakom, Nattia,
          non detrimental to the environmental                   Perinjanam, Sreenarayanapuram, Thalikulam,
          concerns of the area are allowable here.               Vadanappally and Valappad that are not in
          Grama Panchayats of Avanur, Avinissery,                Environmental Concern Zone are in Accelerated
          Karalam, Mala, Mulamkunnathukavu,                      Growth Zone Marine. In such areas, Marine
          Mundathokode, Paralam, Poomangalam,                    Activities viz. production, value addition and
          Poyya, Vallachira fall, fully in Accelerated           marketing of marine produces, allied tertiary
          Growth Zone – Industries. Grama Panchayats             sector developments (trade & commerce) are
          of Kodakara and Nenmanikkara fall, fully in            proposed. Agricultural activities will be
          Economic Development Corridor (EDC). Some              continued in potential agricultural areas.
          areas of Puthenchira and Vellangallur grama            Grama Panchayats of Kattur & Padiyur fall partly
          panchayats fall in EDC and the remaining               in Accelerated Growth Zone Marine & partly in
          portion of these grama panchayats fall in              Accelerated Growth Zone - Industrial and
          Accelerated Growth Zone – Industries. These            hence the proposed function of these LSGs is
          Grama Panchayats may specialise in micro,              Secondary Activity with supporting Tertiary
          small, medium and large industries to trigger          Activities.        Accelerated       industrial
          the development impulses with priority to              development, mainly focusing on marine

                                                               Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
206    DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES                                                        District Spatial Plan - Thrissur

      produces with supporting developments in                Environmental Concern Zone. Similarly
      trade and commerce are suggested in these               Cherppu Grama Panchayat falls in Intensive
      LSGs.                                                   Agriculture Zone, Accelerated Growth Zone-
      Kolazhy Grama Panchayat falls in Accelerated            Industrial and Environmental Concern Zone.
      Growth Zone - Institutional & Accelerated               Therefore function of these two grama
      Growth Zone - Industrial. The proposed                  panchayats derived is primary activity with
      function of the Grama Panchayat is secondary            support to secondary activity.
      activity with supporting tertiary activity. We can      Grama Panchayats of Alagappa Nagar, Alur,
      promote secondary sector industrial activity            Annamanada, Kadukutty, Koratty, Melur,
      together with supporting tertiary service sector        Parappukkara, Pudukkad and Thrikkur are along
      activities like industrial training institutions etc.   Economic Development Corridor (EDC).
      Grama Panchayats of Choondal & Chowannur                However, considerable portions of these LSGs
      fall in Accelerated Growth Zone Institutional &         are in the Intensive agriculture zone. So the
      Intensive agriculture zone and hence the                main function of these LSGs is primary activity.
      proposed major function of these LSGs is                Secondary activities which support the
      Secondary Activity with supporting primary              agriculture related activities will be promoted
      Activities. These Grama Panchayats will                 here. Promotion of large and medium scale
      specialize in service sector institutions like          industries, industrial park, IT & Info Parks,
      health, education, research and training along          Quality Education and Health service
      the transportation corridors and primary                institutions etc are suggested along Economic
      agriculture activity in hinter land area                Development Corridor (EDC).
      production, value addition and marketing of             Grama Panchayats of Manalur, Mullassery,
      marine produces and all allied activities.              Thaikkad, Thanniyam Anthikkad and
      Portion of Porathissery Grama Panchayat that            Venkitanghu fall in Intensive agriculture zone
      falls in Accelerated Growth Zone - Industries is        & Accelerated Growth Zone- Marine. The basic
      in Environmental Concern Zone. Similarly                function of these Grama Panchayats is primary
      Portion of Velukkara Grama Panchayat that falls         along with secondary. The agriculture related
      in Economic Development Corridor and                    activities along with Industrial activities
      Accelerated Growth Zone - Industries is in              support Marine activities viz. production, value
      Environmental Concern Zone. The proposed                addition and marketing of marine produces and
      functions of the Grama Panchayats are                   agriculture activities can be promoted here.
      secondary activity, but in areas that fall in           Portions of Anthikkad and Venkitanghu Grama
      Environmental          Concern        Zone,      any    Panchayats fall in Environmental Concern Zone
      developments that may adversely affect the              also. The basic function of these Grama
      environment shall not be permitted.                     Panchayats is primary along with secondary.
      The activity pattern of Grama Panchayats of             The agriculture related activities along with
      Muriyad and Cherppu is primary activity                 Industrial activities support Marine activities
      (Agriculture). At the same time, Muriyad Grama          viz. production, value addition and marketing
      Panchayat is included in Intensive agricultural         of marine produces and agriculture activities
      zone, Economic Development Corridor (EDC),              can be promoted here.
      Accelerated growth zone-industrial and

Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur                                                            DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES   207
        The activity pattern of Adat Grama Panchayat           the proposed function of the Municipal Council is Ter-
        is primary activity. The Grama Panchayat is            tiary Activity, even though the Municipal Council is in-
        included in Intensive agriculture zone,                cluded in the Development Zones of Intensive Agricul-
        Accelerated growth zone-Institutional and              ture Zone and Economic Development Corridor (EDC).
        Environmental concern zone. The basic function
        of the Grama Panchayat is derived as primary
                                                               15.4.3 Hierarchy of settlements
        activity. Tertiary sector activities will be                   Balanced development of the district and equi-
        promoted in the Institutional Growth Zone.             table distribution of facilities to its population are aimed
        The activity pattern of Mattathur Grama                at in the Plan. Hence a hierarchial system of settlements
        Panchayat is primary activity (Plantation). The        is proposed in the district with one regional centre, 5
        Grama Panchayat is included in Intensive               sub – regional centers and 7 service centers. The future
        agriculture zone, Economic Development                 hierarchy of settlement of the district evolved shows
        Corridor (EDC) and Environmental concern               that Thrissur Municipal Corporation is the regional cen-
        zone. The basic function of the Grama                  tre of the District. Chalakkudy Municipal Council,
        panchayat is primary activity because major            Irinjalakkuda Municipal Council, Kunnamkulam Munici-
        portion falls in the Intensive agriculture zone.       pal Council and Grama Panchayats of Chelakkara and
       Chalakudy Municipal Council is one among the            Mattathur are the proposed sub – regional centers.
five sub-regional centers proposed in the district. Hence      Kodungallur Municipal Council, Guruvayur Municipal




                                   Figure 15.1 Function of settlement – Thrissur District

                                                                     Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
208     DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES                                                              District Spatial Plan - Thrissur

Council and Grama Panchayats of Alagappanagar,                evolved is superimposed over the existing road net
Pananchery, Venkitangu, Valappad and Wadakkanchery            work to suggest proposed road network for the Dis-
are the proposed service centers. The suggested hier-         trict.
archy of settlements is as shown in figure 15.2.
                                                                    The proposed district road network contains
       The service area of the regional centre is the en-     mainly following types of roads:
tire Thrissur District. The service area and service popu-
                                                              1. Ring Road around Thrissur Municipal Corporation
lation of the sub-regional centers and service centers
                                                              2. Radial Roads (1st order Road) – connecting Regional
is given in Annexe 15.
                                                                 Centre with Sub-Regional Centers

15.4.4 Future Connectivity                                    3. Loop connecting Sub-Regional Centers

       Equitable distribution of facilities to the district   4. Roads connecting loop road with service centres.
population calls for proper connectivity between settle-      5. By Pass Roads.
ments of different hierarchies. Existing transportation
                                                                      Some routes of radial roads, loop roads and by-
network need to be augmented by way of upgrading,
                                                              passes are suggested in the road network by consider-
providing new linkages etc. Incorporating the spatial
                                                              ing the hierarchy of settlements. As far as the linkage
distribution of settlements of different hierarchies with
                                                              between the Regional Centre and Sub-Regional Cen-
the existing transportation network, a conceptual road
                                                              ters is concerned, there already exists a radial pattern
network is evolved for the district as shown in figure
                                                              of roads which support the planning concept of road
9.5 of Chapter 9. The conceptual road network thus




                                       Fig. 15.2 Suggested hierarchy of settlements


Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
District Spatial Plan - Thrissur                                                     DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES      209
network for a first order settlement which is centrally        tion/sq km. The LSGs in the mid land region is having a
located.                                                       gross population density range of 750-1500 people/sq
                                                               km. The highest population density is seen in the coastal
       The proposed district road network is shown in
                                                               belt of the district which falls in the range 1500-3200
figure 9.6 of Chapter 9.
                                                               people/sq km.
15.4.5 Future Population Content & Work Partici-                     When projected based on trend, the population
pation rate
                                                               of the district will be 3,286,439 by 2021(growth rate
       The population of Thrissur district is analyzed         4.21%). But as per the district development concept,
based on various parameters like population density,           accelerated growth of population is envisaged in some
population growth rate, population concentration pat-          of the development zones on account of the develop-
tern etc. The spatial agglomeration pattern of popula-         ment anticipated in those zones. Based on the district
tion clearly shows that the transportation corridors,          development concept natural growth in Environmen-
especially the national highways, passing through the          tal Concern Zone, enhanced growth in Intensive Agri-
district play a crucial role in formulating the spatial con-   cultural Zone, moderate enhanced growth along Eco-
centration pattern of population. Other determinants           nomic Development Corridor (EDC) & Accelerated
are social and physical character of coastal areas, near-      Growth Zone – Institutional, high enhanced growth in
ness to existing urban areas etc.                              Accelerated Growth Zone – Industrial & Multifunctional
      Three distinct zones can be earmarked based on           Zones of the district are expected. A reversion in the
the distribution of the gross population density. The          trend of out migration from the district is expected
eastern high land region of the district shows the least       through planned interventions. So the 2021 population
gross population density value of less than 750 popula-        of the district is projected to be 3,405,062 with an in-

Table 15.3: Zone wise population in 2021




                                                                    Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
210     DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES                                                              District Spatial Plan - Thrissur

Table 15.4: Projected no of workers - Zone wise in 2021

                              Total       Total main                                        HH                Other
           ZONE                                          Cultivators    Agri.Labour
                             workers       workers                                     Indus.Workers         Workers

      Environmental
       concern zone          39259          35168            2638          3517             1407               27853
   Intensive agricultural
           zone
                             330551        296110            47378         94755           13473              140504
       Economic
  Development Corridor
         (EDC)
                             197356        176808            12677         15913            8840              139378
    Accelerated growth
     zone - Industrial
                             137951        123585            5487          9430             9887               98781
    Accelerated growth
    zone - Institutional
                             97661          87485            3937          6850             6124               70574
    Accelerated growth
      zone - Marine
                             179338        160662            3213          3213            19279              134956
   Multifunctional zone I    145456        130298            378            651             5212              124057
  Multifunctional zone II    101540         90962            455            910             4548               85049
          District
                            1229112        1101078           76162        135239           68770              821153


creased growth rate of 6.51%. Table 15.3 gives the dis-      is mainly based on the development concept derived
tribution of future population in various development        and projected population which is already explained.
zones of the district.                                       As per the likely impact in the occupational structure
                                                             due to future developments, increase in work force is
       The existing occupational structure of the district
                                                             expected in 7 out of the 8 development zones. The work
clearly shows that there is a declining trend in the pro-
                                                             participation rate in Thrissur District is expected to in-
duction sector and increasing trend in service sector.
                                                             crease from 32.12% in 2001 to 36% in 2021. The pro-
Secondary sector also takes a determinant role in the
                                                             jected occupational structure is given in Table 15.4.
district’s economy. It is observed that rural areas of the
                                                                    The occupation structure of Thrissur district
district are slowly withdrawing from primary sector and
                                                             clearly shows that the percentage of cultivators and
started depending more on the service sector. The
                                                             agricultural labourers are 5% and 9% respectively in
boundary distinguishing the character of rural and ur-
                                                             2001. And it is increased to 7% and 12% respectively in
ban areas is narrowing down.
                                                             2021. The percentage of House hold industrial workers
       It is clear that primary workers are more concen-     also show increasing trend (5% in 2001 & 6% in 2021) in
trated in high land region and some mid land LSGS. Sec-      2021. The development proposals in agriculture sector
ondary workers are concentrated in the mid land re-          are a major component in increasing the work partici-
gion and some coastal LSGS and the tertiary workers          pation rate. The boost in agricultural activities is ex-
are more concentrated in and around the urban areas.         pected to arrest the dilution in the economic base of
      The projected occupation structure of the district     the District in its rural areas.

Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala

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Dsp thrissur ch15

  • 1. << CHAPTER 14 < CONTENTS > District Spatial Plan - Thrissur DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES 199 Chapter – 15 DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES 15.1. INTRODUCTION 15.2 GENERAL POLICIES AND STRATEGIES Based on the issues, problems and potentials Within the framework of Goals, Objectives and evolved from the study of settlements and within the the Development Concept the general District Devel- frame work of the goals and objectives, the key sec- opment Policy can be stated as tors, where planning interventions are required are “To make the district a thriving economic identified. We have the spatial structure of the district growth hub of the state by enhancing economy through which is evolved from the hierarchy of settlements, optimum utilization of resources while conserving its connectivity and activity pattern. The environmental environmentally sensitive areas where equitable dis- aspects of the district are also studied. Based on the tribution of facilities enable people to live a better qual- above, and incorporating the spirit of the development ity life.” goals, development concept has been formulated. Sub- sequently development zones were delineated, trans- 15.3. DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES – 2021 ferring the development concept into ground. Now, Future development strategies for the district based on the tentative development concept, devel- have been formulated based on findings of analysis, opment policies have to be framed. This chapter at- development concept and the development policy. In tempt to develop the General Policies and Strategies view of the development policy the strategies are for integrated and concept based planned development grouped as follows: of the District. The desirable directions of future de- 1. Environmental Protection & Sustainable De- velopment of the district, evolved in the District Spa- velopment Strategies. tial Plan are also summed up in this chapter. 2. Strategies to enhance the economic growth The development concept derived for the dis- through optimum utilization of resources trict aim at 3. Social welfare strategies/ Strategies for pro- Environmental protection and sustainable vision of equitable distribution of facilities development Optimum utilisation of resources 15.3.1 Environmental Protection & Sustainable Integration of primary, secondary and tertiary Development Strategies sectors To attain long-term sustainability of natural re- Ensuring local economic development and sources, the land utilization pattern must be designed generation of better opportunities to ensure that the natural basis of living is sustained in Balanced development and equitable the long run, i.e. the use of land should correspond to distribution of facilities its natural potential. Environmental damage, already Attain certain level of self sufficiency in occurred shall be mitigated and damaging develop- production sectors ments shall be avoided in future. Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
  • 2. 200 DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES District Spatial Plan - Thrissur Surveillance of natural eco systems and unique agricultural activities, and the provision of bio diversity in the western gaht reserve forest natural amenities, including landscapes. area of the district. Conversion of fallow land and waste land into Conservation of unique “kole land” areas which agricultural land act as food granaries within the district Restrict diversion of prime agricultural lands Protecting flora, fauna, water and soil through for other purposes traditional methods. Adoption of modernization techniques to Enhance the non conventional energy sources improve production of goods and thus to attain like solar energy, tidal energy and wind energy. certain level of self sufficiency in food crops. Eco friendly, sustainable and judicial utilization Develop agro based industries and food of natural resources and environmental wealth processing units in the Intensive Agricultural of the district for local economic growth Zone and increase the income of the district. through eco tourism, value added products, Create an administrative framework which can extraction of resources within the carrying promote integration. capacity limits and so forth. Co-ordination of various agencies such as Prevention of reclamation/conversion of kole environment, irrigation, agriculture and soil land / paddy lands and water conservation etc. Conservation of water bodies and natural ♦ Develop animal husbandry sector complemen- drainage networks. tary to agricultural sector through Enhance the ground water recharging and rainwater harvesting to improve the ground Augmenting the production potentialities of water table and thus to solve water scarcity livestock and poultry and thus increasing the problems of the district to the extent possible. production of milk, egg and meat. Abatement of water, air and noise pollution. Providing necessary and timely modern Developing efficient and sustainable solid veterinary assistance and health cover to the livestock and poultry. waste management system Improve infrastructure facilities; implement schemes for the development of livestock and 15.3.2 Strategies to enhance the economic growth poultry products for self sufficiency. through optimum utilization of resources Restoration and protection of grazing lands ♦ Develop agricultural sector as one of the economic ♦ Develop tourism as a major sector of economy bases of the District as most of the agricultural areas through various measures such as of the district are concentrated in the intensive Improve infrastructure facilities and agriculture zone of the district and general connectivity network character of most of the settlements are rural. This Make proper waste management plants/ can be achieved through: systems in tourist centers. Developing sustainable agriculture which Provide Guided Tours. involves three aspects: an economically viable Build better co-ordination between line agricultural production system, the departments and agencies for time bound maintenance or enhancement of the natural implementation of tourism projects. resource base and eco-systems affected by Start tourism study centre. Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
  • 3. District Spatial Plan - Thrissur DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES 201 Protect beach area from natural threats. Enhance the small scale and house hold Harness the direct and multiplier effects of industrial activities which support value tourism for employment generation, economic addition of agriculture, fisheries and marine development and providing impetus to rural products. tourism. Provision of trained manpower in par with the Focus on domestic tourism as a major driver of anticipated demand due to industrial growth tourism growth; Need to preserve the environment and ensure Acknowledge the critical role of private sector the efficient use of available resources in a with government working as a pro-active prominent way. facilitator and catalyst. Create and develop integrated tourism circuits 15.3.3. Social welfare strategies/ Strategies for based on India’s unique civilization, heritage provision of equitable distribution of facilities and culture in partnership with States, private Safeguard the individual rights of every person sector and other agencies in view of the principle that every human being ♦ Develop fisheries sector to enhance local has the right to live and enjoy the basic economic growth through various measures necessities of life such as Planning and preparedness to prevent or Promote fish markets, fish preservation and mitigate the effects of problems encountered production units, export and import of marine by vulnerable populations. products, ice plants, aquaculture farms, Develop, at different levels, the appropriate ornamental fish trading units, fish seed farms, specific social policies and strategies To monitor the economic, socio-cultural, fish farmers clubs, value added marine political and technological interests of the product outlet units, development of fish population, paying special attention to the harbour & boat building yards, production and needs and rights of minorities. maintenance units of machineries in the Developing indicators and quality standards in ‘accelerated growth zone – marine’ of the order to measure and evaluate the impact of district. social welfare/social security programmes and Increase salt water fishing harvest implementing programmes to fill the gaps Training in inland fish farming, maintenance identified Providing a hierarchial system of settlements/ of fishing equipment, and in fishing skills. nodes supported with a network of transport Improve equipment availability to fishermen corridors so as to ensure equitable distribution of facilities in the district ♦ Developing Thrissur-Kochi corridor as an Economic Development Corridor through 15.4 DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES various measures such as Promoting industries, industrial parks, Special The district spatial plan for Thrissur aim at planned Economic Zones (SEZ’s), IT & Info Parks, Quality sustainable and integrated spatial development of the Education and Health care institutions etc district. In connection with the preparation of the Plan Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
  • 4. 202 DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES District Spatial Plan - Thrissur detailed studies of the profile and regional setting of 9. Edavilangu the district, trend and level of urbanization in the dis- 10. Pavaratty trict, economic base and regional connectivity of the district etc were conducted leading to evolution of func- 11. Adat tional character and hierarchy of settlements of the dis- 12. Manalur trict. Further the activity pattern of each Local Govern- 13. Cherpu ment is evolved by integrating urban profile (urban/ non urban), functional character (Urban/Semi Urban/ 14. Eriyad Semi Rural/Rural) and land use concentration pattern 15. Sreenarayanapuram (Urban/Agricultural/Plantation /forest) of Local Govern- 16. Methala ments in the district. The spatial structure of the dis- trict is evolved by integrating the activity pattern, re- 17. Puukkad gional connectivity and hierarchy of settlements. The 18. Mala development goals and objectives of the district were The likely future urban profile of the district derived based on findings of various studies. The ten- evolved is shown in the table 15.1 tative development concept of the district is formu- lated by synthesis of findings of studies in the orbit of LSGs adjacent to Thrissur Municipal Corporation goals and objectives over the district platform. The de- and those along the National High way can be assumed velopment concept so derived will provide the required to attain urban status in the next 10 years and the re- frame work for integrated development of the district. maining LSGs to become urban within the next 20 years. Broad development policy for the district and the strat- Five LSGs (Adat Grama Panchayat, Pavaratty Grama egies to achieve them were also framed. The develop- Panchayat, Eriyad Grama Panchayat, Mala Grama ment directions of Thrissur district evolved in the Dis- Panchayat, Methala Grama Panchayat) will attain ur- trict Spatial Plan for the district are consolidated here- ban status in 2011 and six LSGs (Edavilangu Grama under: Panchayat, Valappad Grama Panchayat, Sreenarayanapuram Grama Panchayat, Pudukkad 15.4.1 Future Urban Profile Grama Panchayat, Manalur Grama Panchayat, Cherpu Following local governments are expected to Grama Panchayat) will attain urban status in 2021. define the future urban profile of the District. The future urban profile of Thrissur District show- 1. Thrissur Municipal Corporation ing the existing urban local governments and the LSGs that will attain urban status by 2011 and by 2021 is rep- 2. Guruvayur Municipal Council resented in Fig 8.9 of Chapter 8. 3. Chavakkad Municipal Council 15.4.2 Development zones and functions of settle- 4. Irinjalakkuda Municipal Council ments 5. Kodungallur Municipal Council a. Development zones 6. Chalakkudy Municipal Council The tentative development concept formulated 7. Kunnamkulam Municipal Council for Thrissur District has given due respect to the unique 8. Valappad cultural and heritage character of the district, optimum utilization of resources, self sufficiency in production Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
  • 5. District Spatial Plan - Thrissur DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES 203 Table 15.1: Future urban profile of the District Existing Urban areas Future probable urban areas 1. Thrissur Municipal Corporation 1. Valappad 2. Kunnamkulam Municipal Council 2. Edavilangu 3. Chalakkudy Municipal Council 3. Pavaratty Irinjalakkuda Municipal Council 4. Adat Kodungallur Municipal Council 5. Manalur Guruvayur Municipal Council 6. Cherpu Chavakkad Municipal Council 7. Eriyad 8. Sreenarayanapuram 9. Mehtala 10. Pudukkad 11. Mala sectors, local economic growth and above all conserva- which are derived from the development concept. The tion of environmentally sensitive areas of the district. proposed major functions of settlements in Thrissur As per the development concept thus derived, the dis- district derived through integrating their existing ac- trict is divided into eight development zones and fu- tivity pattern and the nature of developments sug- ture hierarchy of each settlement and node are set and gested in the development zone(s) in which they are a future transportation network connecting the higher included are as given hereunder: order settlements and nodes are planned (See fig 14.9 Whatever may be the major function identified of Chapter 14). A development zone is delineated by for a settlement, if any part of the settlement fall in grouping the settlements possessing similar major eco- Environmental Concern Zone, developments that may nomic activity pattern as per the settlement studies. In adversely affect the environmental concerns of that other words, the thrust development sector of each zone shall not be permitted in such parts . In the case of Grama Panchayat or Municipal Council is specified. Environmental Concern Zone along coastal areas regu- The Development Zones evolved for Thrissur dis- lations like CRZ will be applicable. In the case of kole trict and the nature of developments suggested in each lands and other wet lands included in Environmental zone are as given in Table 15.2. Concern Zone, agriculture and allied activities that are non detrimental to the environmental concerns of the The Development Zone in which each local gov- area are allowable. Forest related primary activities ernment of the district is included is given in Annexe including eco tourism; Aromatic & Medicinal plant pro- 18. duction, aforestation, plantation etc will be permitted b. Functions of settlements in non forest areas of Environmental Concern Zone The function of a settlement is determined by along eastern high land areas of the district. combining the effect of activity pattern and the zones Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
  • 6. 204 DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES District Spatial Plan - Thrissur Table 15.2 – Nature of developments suggested in various development zones Sl.No Development Zones Nature of developments suggested 1 Environmental Concern Zone Developments that will not adversely affect the environmental concerns of the area viz.cultivation, forest related primary activities including eco tourism; Aromatic & Medicinal plant cultivation, aforestation, plantation etc. as the case may be. 2 Intensive Agricultural Zone Agriculture related activities, Small scale industries promote value addition of production from agriculture and animal husbandry ie production units, chocolate production, coir industry, oil factory, Milk societies, Cattle feed etc 3 Economic Development Corridor(EDC) Large and medium scale industries, industrial park, , Quality Education and Health service institutions etc. 4 Accelerated Growth Zone – Industrial Large and small scale and house hold industrial activities which support value addition of agriculture, fisheries and marine products 5 Accelerated Growth Zone – Infrastructure facilities including Hospitals, Health Institutions Institutional and educational facilities, industries etc. 6 Accelerated Growth Zone – Marine Industries accelerate marine products, fishing etc. 7 Multifunction Zone I First order service activities, IT parks, Tourism, banking, infrastructure facilities, Real estate, textile, gold industry, Printing industry, brick and tile industry etc 8 Multifunction Zone II Second order service activities, tourism, banking, infrastructure facilities, Real estate, textile, Printing industry, brick and tile industry etc Thrissur Municipal Corporation falls in the industries like processing units, value addition Multifunction zone I and the main activity of units etc in this connection also have potential. Thrissur Municipal Corporation is tertiary Suitable projects and programmes are to be activity and will act as a service centre for the implemented to exploit the urban potential of entire district and will be seat of Higher order this zone. facilities like super specialty hospitals/other Municipal towns of Guruvayoor, Irinjalakkuda, major health institutions, five star hotels, IT Kodungalloor, Kunnamkulam, Chavakkad and parks, educational facilities etc. Besides, Grama Panchayats of Eriyad and Methala fall in Thrissur Municipal Corporation acts as cultural Multifunction Zone II. Here the basic function centre of District as well as the state. Thrissur is tertiary activities of second order. These LSGs Municipal Corporation has also good role in will act as a service centers for the respective industrial sector also. This zone is surrounded hinter lands and is very much suitable for by intensive agriculture zone. So agro and allied industries utilizing agricultural produces of Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
  • 7. District Spatial Plan - Thrissur DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES 205 hinter land. Second order Service activities, value addition of primary production Tourism, banking, infrastructure facilities, Real (agriculture, marine etc…) and local resources. estate, textile Industry, Printing industry, brick Non polluting service sector industries like IT and tile industry etc will be promoted here. can also be promoted. Tertiary/service sector Grama Panchayats of Kadavallur, Chelakkara, activities to support secondary sector activities Desamangalam, Elavally, Erumapetty, are also promoted. Large and medium scale Kadangode, Kandanassery, Kondazhy, Kuzhur, industries, industrial park, IT & Info Parks, Madakkathara ,Mulloorkara, Nadathara, Panjal, Quality Education and Health service Pariyaram, Pazhayannoor, Pookkode, institutions etc are suggested in LSGs along Thekkumkara, Thiruvilwamala, Economic Development Corridor (EDC). Vadakkancherry, Vadakkekkad, Vallathol Nagar, Kaiparamba Grama Panchayat is in the Varavoor and Velur fall fully in Intensive Accelerated Growth Zone – Institutional. The Agriculture Zone. These Grama Panchayats will Grama Panchayat will specialize in service specialize in primary agriculture and allied sector institutions like health, education, activities. Tertiary service sector activities research and training along the transportation including eco tourism, farm tourism etc which corridors and primary agriculture activity in are in conformity in the zone can also be hinter land area. promoted. Grama Panchayats of Orumanayoor & Pavaratty Portions of Grama Panchayats of Arimpur, fall, fully in Accelerated Growth Zone Marine. Athirapilly, Chazur, Kattakampal, Kodassery, These Grama Panchayats will specialize in Pananchery, Porkulam, Punnayur, production, value addition and marketing of Punnayurkulam, Puthur, Tholur, marine produces and all allied activities. Also Varantharappilly that fall in Intensive portions of Grama Panchayats of Edathuruthy, Agriculture Zone are in Environmental Concern Edavilangu, Engadiur, Kadappuram, Zone. Agriculture and allied activities that are Kaippamangalam, Mathilakom, Nattia, non detrimental to the environmental Perinjanam, Sreenarayanapuram, Thalikulam, concerns of the area are allowable here. Vadanappally and Valappad that are not in Grama Panchayats of Avanur, Avinissery, Environmental Concern Zone are in Accelerated Karalam, Mala, Mulamkunnathukavu, Growth Zone Marine. In such areas, Marine Mundathokode, Paralam, Poomangalam, Activities viz. production, value addition and Poyya, Vallachira fall, fully in Accelerated marketing of marine produces, allied tertiary Growth Zone – Industries. Grama Panchayats sector developments (trade & commerce) are of Kodakara and Nenmanikkara fall, fully in proposed. Agricultural activities will be Economic Development Corridor (EDC). Some continued in potential agricultural areas. areas of Puthenchira and Vellangallur grama Grama Panchayats of Kattur & Padiyur fall partly panchayats fall in EDC and the remaining in Accelerated Growth Zone Marine & partly in portion of these grama panchayats fall in Accelerated Growth Zone - Industrial and Accelerated Growth Zone – Industries. These hence the proposed function of these LSGs is Grama Panchayats may specialise in micro, Secondary Activity with supporting Tertiary small, medium and large industries to trigger Activities. Accelerated industrial the development impulses with priority to development, mainly focusing on marine Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
  • 8. 206 DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES District Spatial Plan - Thrissur produces with supporting developments in Environmental Concern Zone. Similarly trade and commerce are suggested in these Cherppu Grama Panchayat falls in Intensive LSGs. Agriculture Zone, Accelerated Growth Zone- Kolazhy Grama Panchayat falls in Accelerated Industrial and Environmental Concern Zone. Growth Zone - Institutional & Accelerated Therefore function of these two grama Growth Zone - Industrial. The proposed panchayats derived is primary activity with function of the Grama Panchayat is secondary support to secondary activity. activity with supporting tertiary activity. We can Grama Panchayats of Alagappa Nagar, Alur, promote secondary sector industrial activity Annamanada, Kadukutty, Koratty, Melur, together with supporting tertiary service sector Parappukkara, Pudukkad and Thrikkur are along activities like industrial training institutions etc. Economic Development Corridor (EDC). Grama Panchayats of Choondal & Chowannur However, considerable portions of these LSGs fall in Accelerated Growth Zone Institutional & are in the Intensive agriculture zone. So the Intensive agriculture zone and hence the main function of these LSGs is primary activity. proposed major function of these LSGs is Secondary activities which support the Secondary Activity with supporting primary agriculture related activities will be promoted Activities. These Grama Panchayats will here. Promotion of large and medium scale specialize in service sector institutions like industries, industrial park, IT & Info Parks, health, education, research and training along Quality Education and Health service the transportation corridors and primary institutions etc are suggested along Economic agriculture activity in hinter land area Development Corridor (EDC). production, value addition and marketing of Grama Panchayats of Manalur, Mullassery, marine produces and all allied activities. Thaikkad, Thanniyam Anthikkad and Portion of Porathissery Grama Panchayat that Venkitanghu fall in Intensive agriculture zone falls in Accelerated Growth Zone - Industries is & Accelerated Growth Zone- Marine. The basic in Environmental Concern Zone. Similarly function of these Grama Panchayats is primary Portion of Velukkara Grama Panchayat that falls along with secondary. The agriculture related in Economic Development Corridor and activities along with Industrial activities Accelerated Growth Zone - Industries is in support Marine activities viz. production, value Environmental Concern Zone. The proposed addition and marketing of marine produces and functions of the Grama Panchayats are agriculture activities can be promoted here. secondary activity, but in areas that fall in Portions of Anthikkad and Venkitanghu Grama Environmental Concern Zone, any Panchayats fall in Environmental Concern Zone developments that may adversely affect the also. The basic function of these Grama environment shall not be permitted. Panchayats is primary along with secondary. The activity pattern of Grama Panchayats of The agriculture related activities along with Muriyad and Cherppu is primary activity Industrial activities support Marine activities (Agriculture). At the same time, Muriyad Grama viz. production, value addition and marketing Panchayat is included in Intensive agricultural of marine produces and agriculture activities zone, Economic Development Corridor (EDC), can be promoted here. Accelerated growth zone-industrial and Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
  • 9. District Spatial Plan - Thrissur DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES 207 The activity pattern of Adat Grama Panchayat the proposed function of the Municipal Council is Ter- is primary activity. The Grama Panchayat is tiary Activity, even though the Municipal Council is in- included in Intensive agriculture zone, cluded in the Development Zones of Intensive Agricul- Accelerated growth zone-Institutional and ture Zone and Economic Development Corridor (EDC). Environmental concern zone. The basic function of the Grama Panchayat is derived as primary 15.4.3 Hierarchy of settlements activity. Tertiary sector activities will be Balanced development of the district and equi- promoted in the Institutional Growth Zone. table distribution of facilities to its population are aimed The activity pattern of Mattathur Grama at in the Plan. Hence a hierarchial system of settlements Panchayat is primary activity (Plantation). The is proposed in the district with one regional centre, 5 Grama Panchayat is included in Intensive sub – regional centers and 7 service centers. The future agriculture zone, Economic Development hierarchy of settlement of the district evolved shows Corridor (EDC) and Environmental concern that Thrissur Municipal Corporation is the regional cen- zone. The basic function of the Grama tre of the District. Chalakkudy Municipal Council, panchayat is primary activity because major Irinjalakkuda Municipal Council, Kunnamkulam Munici- portion falls in the Intensive agriculture zone. pal Council and Grama Panchayats of Chelakkara and Chalakudy Municipal Council is one among the Mattathur are the proposed sub – regional centers. five sub-regional centers proposed in the district. Hence Kodungallur Municipal Council, Guruvayur Municipal Figure 15.1 Function of settlement – Thrissur District Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
  • 10. 208 DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES District Spatial Plan - Thrissur Council and Grama Panchayats of Alagappanagar, evolved is superimposed over the existing road net Pananchery, Venkitangu, Valappad and Wadakkanchery work to suggest proposed road network for the Dis- are the proposed service centers. The suggested hier- trict. archy of settlements is as shown in figure 15.2. The proposed district road network contains The service area of the regional centre is the en- mainly following types of roads: tire Thrissur District. The service area and service popu- 1. Ring Road around Thrissur Municipal Corporation lation of the sub-regional centers and service centers 2. Radial Roads (1st order Road) – connecting Regional is given in Annexe 15. Centre with Sub-Regional Centers 15.4.4 Future Connectivity 3. Loop connecting Sub-Regional Centers Equitable distribution of facilities to the district 4. Roads connecting loop road with service centres. population calls for proper connectivity between settle- 5. By Pass Roads. ments of different hierarchies. Existing transportation Some routes of radial roads, loop roads and by- network need to be augmented by way of upgrading, passes are suggested in the road network by consider- providing new linkages etc. Incorporating the spatial ing the hierarchy of settlements. As far as the linkage distribution of settlements of different hierarchies with between the Regional Centre and Sub-Regional Cen- the existing transportation network, a conceptual road ters is concerned, there already exists a radial pattern network is evolved for the district as shown in figure of roads which support the planning concept of road 9.5 of Chapter 9. The conceptual road network thus Fig. 15.2 Suggested hierarchy of settlements Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
  • 11. District Spatial Plan - Thrissur DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES 209 network for a first order settlement which is centrally tion/sq km. The LSGs in the mid land region is having a located. gross population density range of 750-1500 people/sq km. The highest population density is seen in the coastal The proposed district road network is shown in belt of the district which falls in the range 1500-3200 figure 9.6 of Chapter 9. people/sq km. 15.4.5 Future Population Content & Work Partici- When projected based on trend, the population pation rate of the district will be 3,286,439 by 2021(growth rate The population of Thrissur district is analyzed 4.21%). But as per the district development concept, based on various parameters like population density, accelerated growth of population is envisaged in some population growth rate, population concentration pat- of the development zones on account of the develop- tern etc. The spatial agglomeration pattern of popula- ment anticipated in those zones. Based on the district tion clearly shows that the transportation corridors, development concept natural growth in Environmen- especially the national highways, passing through the tal Concern Zone, enhanced growth in Intensive Agri- district play a crucial role in formulating the spatial con- cultural Zone, moderate enhanced growth along Eco- centration pattern of population. Other determinants nomic Development Corridor (EDC) & Accelerated are social and physical character of coastal areas, near- Growth Zone – Institutional, high enhanced growth in ness to existing urban areas etc. Accelerated Growth Zone – Industrial & Multifunctional Three distinct zones can be earmarked based on Zones of the district are expected. A reversion in the the distribution of the gross population density. The trend of out migration from the district is expected eastern high land region of the district shows the least through planned interventions. So the 2021 population gross population density value of less than 750 popula- of the district is projected to be 3,405,062 with an in- Table 15.3: Zone wise population in 2021 Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala
  • 12. 210 DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIVES District Spatial Plan - Thrissur Table 15.4: Projected no of workers - Zone wise in 2021 Total Total main HH Other ZONE Cultivators Agri.Labour workers workers Indus.Workers Workers Environmental concern zone 39259 35168 2638 3517 1407 27853 Intensive agricultural zone 330551 296110 47378 94755 13473 140504 Economic Development Corridor (EDC) 197356 176808 12677 15913 8840 139378 Accelerated growth zone - Industrial 137951 123585 5487 9430 9887 98781 Accelerated growth zone - Institutional 97661 87485 3937 6850 6124 70574 Accelerated growth zone - Marine 179338 160662 3213 3213 19279 134956 Multifunctional zone I 145456 130298 378 651 5212 124057 Multifunctional zone II 101540 90962 455 910 4548 85049 District 1229112 1101078 76162 135239 68770 821153 creased growth rate of 6.51%. Table 15.3 gives the dis- is mainly based on the development concept derived tribution of future population in various development and projected population which is already explained. zones of the district. As per the likely impact in the occupational structure due to future developments, increase in work force is The existing occupational structure of the district expected in 7 out of the 8 development zones. The work clearly shows that there is a declining trend in the pro- participation rate in Thrissur District is expected to in- duction sector and increasing trend in service sector. crease from 32.12% in 2001 to 36% in 2021. The pro- Secondary sector also takes a determinant role in the jected occupational structure is given in Table 15.4. district’s economy. It is observed that rural areas of the The occupation structure of Thrissur district district are slowly withdrawing from primary sector and clearly shows that the percentage of cultivators and started depending more on the service sector. The agricultural labourers are 5% and 9% respectively in boundary distinguishing the character of rural and ur- 2001. And it is increased to 7% and 12% respectively in ban areas is narrowing down. 2021. The percentage of House hold industrial workers It is clear that primary workers are more concen- also show increasing trend (5% in 2001 & 6% in 2021) in trated in high land region and some mid land LSGS. Sec- 2021. The development proposals in agriculture sector ondary workers are concentrated in the mid land re- are a major component in increasing the work partici- gion and some coastal LSGS and the tertiary workers pation rate. The boost in agricultural activities is ex- are more concentrated in and around the urban areas. pected to arrest the dilution in the economic base of The projected occupation structure of the district the District in its rural areas. Department of Town & Country Planning, Kerala < CONTENTS > ANNEXES >>