1. AHSANULLAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY
Department of Civil Engineering
Presentation On
Axial Stress-Strain Curve
&
Modulus of Elasticity
Presented by
Md. Nafizul Haque
ID: 10.01.03.095
2. What Is Axial Stress?
A tension or compression
stress created in a
structural member by the
application of a lengthwise
axial load.
Axial stress is defined as
the force per unit area of
a material.
i.e. Axial stress = axial
force / cross sectional
area:
3. What Is Axial Strain?
Increase (or decrease) in
length resulting from a
stress acting parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the
specimen.
Axial strain is defined as
extension per unit length.
Axial Strain = extension /
original length
6. Axial Stress-Strain Curve for Ductile Material
Typical regions that can be
observed in a stress-strain
curve are:
Elastic region,
Yielding,
Strain Hardening,
Necking and Failure
7. Elastic behavior
If the specimen returns
to its original length
when the load acting on
it is removed, it is said to
response elastically
8. Yielding
A slight increase in stress
above the elastic limit will
result in permanent
deformation. This behavior
is called yielding for
ductile materials.
The stress that causes
yielding is called yield
stress sy.
The deformation that
occurs is called plastic
deformation
9. Strain Hardening
When yielding has ended,
a further load can be
applied to the specimen,
resulting in a cure that
rises continuously but
becomes flatter until it
reaches a maximum stress
referred to as ultimate
stress, su.
The rise in the curve is
called Strain Hardening
10. Necking & Fracture
After the ultimate stress,
the cross-sectional area
begins to decrease in a
localized region of the
specimen, instead of
over its entire
length. The load (and
stress) keeps dropping
until the specimen
reaches the fracture
point.
11.
12. Modulus of Elasticity
The modulus of a material describes how well it resists
deformation. A material with a higher modulus is stiffer
and has better resistance to deformation. The modulus is
defined as the force per unit area required to produce a
deformation or in other words the ratio of stress to strain.
Modulus of elasticity=Stress/Strain