Dwane Jones

1. http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/lid/ Dwane Jones [email_address] 919.249.5959

2. Introduction: What is “Green Design & Development?” Green Design & Development

3. http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/lid/ Working Definition Green Building and Development is environmental responsiveness. It is integrating water quality, and air quality concepts with building technology. Green Design & Development

4. Source: USGBC

5. Source: USGBC

6. Source: USGBC

7. Source: USGBC

8. Source: USGBC Source: USGBC

9. Source: USGBC Daylighting Solar Panels Green Roof Bike Paths Biodiesel/Other Fuels Bicycles Water Harvesting Multi-Use Recycling Efficient Lighting Natural Air Flow +

10. Source: USGBC

11. Source: USGBC

12. Green Planning Green Design & Development

16. Forsyth County July 2006- 331,859 April 2000- 306,044 + 25,815 (most recent census) Growth Trends: North Carolina

17. +

21. LID PRACTICE / DEVICE Peak Flow Control Volume Reduction Water Quality Improvement Water Conservation Bio-retention Cell • • • Cistern • • ~~> • <~~ • Curbless Parking Lot Islands • • • Downspout Disconnection • • • Grassed Swale • • • Green Roof • • Infiltration Trench • • • Narrow Road Design • • • Permeable Pavers/Pavement • • • Rain Barrel • • • Rain Garden • • • Sand Filter • • Tree Box Filter • • Tree Planting • •

22. LID Subdivision Low Impact Development

24. 7. Reinvest in and strengthen existing communities and achieve more balanced regional development. 8. Provide a variety of transportation options. 9. Make development fair, predictable, and cost-effective. 10. Encourage stakeholder participation.

25. -Perspectives (Designer, Developer, Governing Authority) -*Local Ordinances & Site Plan Review Process (often antiquated) *The developer may request a variance, but often these can be time-consuming. -Local Opposition from Governing Body

28. Green Construction (Land) Green Design & Development

30. -Identify Buildable & Non-buildable areas* -Annual Rainfall Data* -Topography* -Soils* -Zoning/Public Input* -Floodplain/Floodway* -Land Uses/Adjacent Land Uses*

31. -Access/Egress -Easements -Costs -Lot Orientation -Infrastructure Technologies/Techniques* -Aesthetics

32. -Topography -Potential Hydric Soils -Streams/Water Bodies www.terraserver.com -Help determine placement of streets, lots, buildings etc. -US Army Corps of Engineers & DWQ

33. - Consider sheetflow -Shallow depressions (during rainy seasons)

34. http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/lid/ -US Army Corps of Engineers & DWQ -Note: Each acre of coastal wetland contributes from $800 to $9,000 to the local economy through flood protection and recreation such as bird watching, fishing, and boating (Kirby, 1993)

37. www.bae.ncsu.edu/stormwater Soil Survey -Infiltration

38. -Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) -National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP)

39. www.ncfloodmaps.com

40. -Moderate Temperatures -Wind Buffers -Reduce stormwater volumes -Minimize Erosion Note: Research shows that nearly 60% of suburban residents actively engage in wildlife watching…the majority is willing to pay a premium for homes in these settings (Adams, 1994)

43. -Wildlife Resources Commission -Non-profits

44. -National Register of Historic Places

48. The amount of impervious surface created by cul-de-sacs can be reduced by creating a pervious island in the center

50. Source: The News Magazine of the Federated Conservationists of Westchester County, http://www.fcwc.org/WEArchive/010203/roofs.htm

51. Photos courtesy of Whitney Kurz

52. Green Building (Home/Structure) Green Design & Development

53. Integrating Green Design with Low Impact Development & Conservation Design Green Design & Development

59. Bioretention Area Small parking lots Source: Massachusetts LID Toolkit

62. http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/lid/

64. www.bae.ncsu.edu/stormwater

65. Retrofit Opportunities

68. Photo Copyright 1999, Center for Watershed Protection Downspouts Connected to Driveway = More Runoff, Less Infiltration Source: CWP Source: Massachusetts Smart Growth Toolkit

74. www.bae.ncsu.edu/stormwater Conventional Small-scale Controls street width treescape runoff

78. Short driveways and shallow front yard setbacks allow for rear yard retained vegetation. Downspouts discharge to natural terrain for recharge.

79. www.bae.ncsu.edu/stormwater Green Design

80. www.bae.ncsu.edu/stormwater Green Design -Biofilter/bioretention -Green Roof -Rainwater Collection -Porous Paving: Gravel Pave -Waterless Urinals -Low-flow fixtures -Superinsulation (R21 walls & R30 roof) -High Performance Glazing on Windows - On Demand Water Heating -Daylighting -Duct System made of fabric -Over 75% of construction/demolition waste was salvaged or recycled - Recycled material used in walls, floors, and windows -Local material use

81. www.bae.ncsu.edu/stormwater Bioretention Permeable Pavement Cistern Greenroof LID (Commercial) Disconnected

82. www.bae.ncsu.edu/stormwater Residential + LID Site Create a Hydrologically Functional Lot

83. www.bae.ncsu.edu/stormwater + Conservation Open Drainage Rain Gardens Amended Soils Rain Barrel Residential LID Site Permeable Pavement Create a Hydrologically Functional Lot

84. www.bae.ncsu.edu/stormwater Aerial Photo Courtesy of Y. Lyda LID (Institutional)

85. www.bae.ncsu.edu/stormwater level spreader rain gardens cistern/rain barrel vegetated buffer permeable pavement bioretention Aerial Photo Courtesy of Y. Lyda LID (Institutional)

86. Williamston High School

87. Williamston High School

88. Williamston High School

89. Williamston High School

90. Williamston High School

91. Williamston High School

92. Williamston High School

93. Williamston High School

94. Williamston High School

95. Williamston High School

96. Williamston High School

98. Green Design Case Study Griffin Acres

99. The process begins with determining how many lots could be developed under conventional zoning; this is the base yield of the property. From that point, the plan development process follows four basic steps: Source: Massachusetts Smart Growth Toolkit

100. Identify Conservation Value Areas on the site such as wetlands, significant trees or tracts of forest, habitat, cultural resources or buffer zones. Remove these from the “developable area”. 1. Source: Massachusetts Smart Growth Toolkit

101. Place houses in the remaining area in a way that would maximize residents enjoyment of these areas by providing access to open space and preserving views. 2. Source: Massachusetts Smart Growth Toolkit

102. Align roads and trails on the site to provide pedestrian and vehicle access. 3. Source: Massachusetts Smart Growth Toolkit

103. 4. Draw lot lines around the homes. Source: Massachusetts Smart Growth Toolkit

104. +

105. 1. Meet with local officials to review current development ordinances (often, officials look favorably upon pre-development meetings). 2. Identify ways to work together to minimize development impacts. 3. Focus on LID (developer should have a general knowledge of practices he/she plans to implement).

106. 4. Plan to make site visits with local officials/staff. 5. Since site design information comes from different sources, data should be synthesized into a single map.

110. http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/lid/ Dwane Jones [email_address] 919.249.5959