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Business Model Generation

                Iskandar Muda
                  Oct 18, 2012
change is the process by which
   the future invades our lives
                      -> Alvin Toffler
first of all: what
    are YOUR
    concerns?
    (buzz groups)
what are YOUR biggest issues and fears
you face in strategic management today?
where do YOU see the largest opportunities
to improve strategic management today?
your expectations for today?
what is innovation?
tell me about the most important
     innovations in your company
types of
innovation?
technology innovation
process innovation
product & service
innovation
business model innovation
four rings of innovation




      business model innovation
     product & service innovation
         process innovation
        technology innovation
which one of your
examples qualify as
  business model
   innovation?
“Business model innovation matters” and it is
           a top priority of CEOs
why talk about
business models?
how do you describe a
business model?
without a common language
how do you communicate
      a business model?
1%                                                                      18%
Strategy
                                                                                                                   300%
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Development plan
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12%
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                                                                                                                     Words
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                                                                          through inappropriate means
Here                             Ok




                         Here




CEOs
 10°


              Managers
                60°




                                Staff
                                360°
how do you implement a business model?
with outdated methods
how do you measure the
success of a business model?
we don’t
how do you change a business
model and innovate?
we re-invent the wheel
what is a business
     model?
Alexander Osterwalder, PhD.
business model framework




           a business model describes the value an organization offers to
            various customers and portrays the capabilities and partners
           required for creating, marketing, and delivering this value and
            relationship capital with the goal of generating profitable and
                            sustainable revenue streams


                                                 [Osterwalder (2004) The Business Model Ontology]
Value Proposition
The Channel
Customer Relationship
Revenue Stream
Key Resources
Key Activities
Key Partnership
Cost Structure
the big picture
    Key Partner         Key Activities   Value Proposition       Customer Relationship   Target Customer




                        Key Resources                                    Channel

                    …




   Cost Structure                                       Revenue Stream
value create revenue
   Key Partner         Key Activities   Value Proposition       Customer Relationship   Target Customer




                       Key Resources                                    Channel

                   …




  Cost Structure                                       Revenue Stream
creating value requires infrastructure
   Key Partner         Key Activities   Value Proposition       Customer Relationship   Target Customer




                       Key Resources                                    Channel

                   …




  Cost Structure                                       Revenue Stream
Infrastructure generating costs
   Key Partner         Key Activities   Value Proposition       Customer Relationship   Target Customer




                       Key Resources                                    Channel

                   …




  Cost Structure                                       Revenue Stream
The profit zone
   Key Partner         Key Activities   Value Proposition       Customer Relationship   Target Customer




                       Key Resources                                    Channel

                   …




  Cost Structure                                       Revenue Stream




                                              <
case study
you become the new owner of a
soccer club …
describe YOUR
club’s business
     model
what value proposition do you offer, to
which customer segments?




                    describing how a wealth management bank acquires its clients
what value proposition do you offer, to
which customer segments? (model)


               OFFER             CUSTOMER


               VALUE               CUSTOMER
            PROPOSITION            SEGMENTS

           value proposition 1   target customer 1
           value proposition 2   target customer 2
                   …                     …
what value proposition do you offer, to
which customer segments? (example)


                OFFER            CUSTOMER


               spectacular
                                     fans
            offensive football


           advertising space &
                                  advertisers
              high visibility


                   …                  …
how do you reach your customers?
how do you reach your customers? (model)



        OFFER                            CUSTOMER

                          COMMUNICATION
        VALUE                                       CUSTOMER
                          & DISTRIBUTION
     PROPOSITION                                    SEGMENTS
                            CHANNELS

    value proposition 1      channel 1         target customer 1
    value proposition 2      channel 2         target customer 2
            …                   …                      …
how do you reach your customers? (example)

         OFFER                              CUSTOMER


                          stadium & box office

        spectacular         club owned TV
                                                          fans
     offensive football         channel

                           mobile phone TV

    advertising space &
                              sales force              advertisers
       high visibility
how do you build relationships?
how do you build relationships
with your customers? (model)


        OFFER                        CUSTOMER


        VALUE              CUSTOMER             CUSTOMER
     PROPOSITION          RELATIONSHIP          SEGMENTS

    value proposition 1    mechanism 1     target customer 1
    value proposition 2    mechanism 2     target customer 2
            …                  …                   …
how do you build relationships
with your customers? (example)


        OFFER                           CUSTOMER

                           personalized
                         website (ticketing)

       spectacular
                         team blog (RSS)           fans
    offensive football

                                 …
how do you earn your money with
this business model?
how do you earn your money with
this business model? (model)


        OFFER                            FINANCE


        VALUE                REVENUE               CUSTOMER
     PROPOSITION             STREAMS               SEGMENTS

    value proposition 1   revenue stream 1     target customer 1
    value proposition 2   revenue stream 2     target customer 2
            …                    …                     …
how do you earn your money with
this business model? (example)

        OFFER                               FINANCE


                             ticket sales

       spectacular           TV channel
                                                         fans
    offensive football     subscriber fees

                          mobile phone TV
                          subscriber fees

   advertising space &
                         advertising revenues         advertisers
      high visibility
the business
models place in a
   company
STRATEGY




                   BUSINESS
                    MODEL
 ORGANIZATION                   TECHNOLOGY


the business model’s place in the company
external forces
5 forces

         customer                 technological
          needs                      change


                    BUSINESS
                     MODEL
     legal                                social
 environment                           environment




                    competition
the big picture (business model)
the big picture
                                        Partner Network                                           Customer Relationship

                                 •   food & beverages                                         •   personalized web profile
                                 •   ticketing services                                       •   newsletter
                                 •   promoters                                                •   team blog (RSS)
                                 •   ad placement                                             •   VIP events with team
                                 •   telecom operator                                         •   …
                                 •   TV operator
                                 •   …




      Core Capability                Activity Configuration      Value Proposition                 Distribution Channel             Target Customer

 • play attractive & win         • team management            • attractive soccer             •   stadium                     •   fans (families, etc.)
   games                         • event management           • 360º event (match,            •   POS networks                •   fan groups
 • brand management              • venue management             dining, shopping)             •   club website (+online TV)   •   companies
 • video images                  • ticketing                  • exclusive VIP lounges         •   club cable TV channel       •   event/concert organizers
 • channel management            • VIP relationship           • merchandising                 •   mobile phone TV channel     •   advertisers
                                   management                 • renting out stadium           •   …                           •   …
                                 • video crew                 •…
                                 •…



      Cost Structure                                              Revenue Model

               •   team & maintenance                                       •   Ticket fees & season tickets
               •   infrastructure management                                •   online TV subscription revenues
               •   marketing                                                •   revenue sharing cable & mobile phone TV
               •   video                                                    •   renting out stadium for events
                                                                            •   advertising revenues
                                                                            •   merchandising revenues
value creates revenues
                                        Partner Network                                           Customer Relationship

                                 •   food & beverages                                         •   personalized web profile
                                 •   ticketing services                                       •   newsletter
                                 •   promoters                                                •   team blog (RSS)
                                 •   ad placement                                             •   VIP events with team
                                 •   telecom operator                                         •   …
                                 •   TV operator
                                 •   …




      Core Capability                Activity Configuration      Value Proposition                 Distribution Channel             Target Customer

 • play attractive & win         • team management            • attractive soccer             •   stadium                     •   fans (families, etc.)
   games                         • event management           • 360º event (match,            •   POS networks                •   fan groups
 • brand management              • venue management             dining, shopping)             •   club website (+online TV)   •   companies
 • video images                  • ticketing                  • exclusive VIP lounges         •   club cable TV channel       •   event/concert organizers
 • channel management            • VIP relationship           • merchandising                 •   mobile phone TV channel     •   advertisers
                                   management                 • renting out stadium           •   …                           •   …
                                 • video crew                 •…
                                 •…



      Cost Structure                                              Revenue Model

               •   team & maintenance                                       •   Ticket fees & season tickets
               •   infrastructure management                                •   online TV subscription revenues
               •   marketing                                                •   revenue sharing cable & mobile phone TV
               •   video                                                    •   renting out stadium for events
                                                                            •   advertising revenues
                                                                            •   merchandising revenues
creating value requires infrastructure
                                        Partner Network                                           Customer Relationship

                                 •   food & beverages                                         •   personalized web profile
                                 •   ticketing services                                       •   newsletter
                                 •   promoters                                                •   team blog (RSS)
                                 •   ad placement                                             •   VIP events with team
                                 •   telecom operator                                         •   …
                                 •   TV operator
                                 •   …




      Core Capability                Activity Configuration      Value Proposition                 Distribution Channel             Target Customer

 • play attractive & win         • team management            • attractive soccer             •   stadium                     •   fans (families, etc.)
   games                         • event management           • 360º event (match,            •   POS networks                •   fan groups
 • brand management              • venue management             dining, shopping)             •   club website (+online TV)   •   companies
 • video images                  • ticketing                  • exclusive VIP lounges         •   club cable TV channel       •   event/concert organizers
 • channel management            • VIP relationship           • merchandising                 •   mobile phone TV channel     •   advertisers
                                   management                 • renting out stadium           •   …                           •   …
                                 • video crew                 •…
                                 •…



      Cost Structure                                              Revenue Model

               •   team & maintenance                                       •   Ticket fees & season tickets
               •   infrastructure management                                •   online TV subscription revenues
               •   marketing                                                •   revenue sharing cable & mobile phone TV
               •   video                                                    •   renting out stadium for events
                                                                            •   advertising revenues
                                                                            •   merchandising revenues
infrastructure generates costs
                                        Partner Network                                           Customer Relationship

                                 •   food & beverages                                         •   personalized web profile
                                 •   ticketing services                                       •   newsletter
                                 •   promoters                                                •   team blog (RSS)
                                 •   ad placement                                             •   VIP events with team
                                 •   telecom operator                                         •   …
                                 •   TV operator
                                 •   …




      Core Capability                Activity Configuration      Value Proposition                 Distribution Channel             Target Customer

 • play attractive & win         • team management            • attractive soccer             •   stadium                     •   fans (families, etc.)
   games                         • event management           • 360º event (match,            •   POS networks                •   fan groups
 • brand management              • venue management             dining, shopping)             •   club website (+online TV)   •   companies
 • video images                  • ticketing                  • exclusive VIP lounges         •   club cable TV channel       •   event/concert organizers
 • channel management            • VIP relationship           • merchandising                 •   mobile phone TV channel     •   advertisers
                                   management                 • renting out stadium           •   …                           •   …
                                 • video crew                 •…
                                 •…



      Cost Structure                                              Revenue Model

               •   team & maintenance                                       •   Ticket fees & season tickets
               •   infrastructure management                                •   online TV subscription revenues
               •   marketing                                                •   revenue sharing cable & mobile phone TV
               •   video                                                    •   renting out stadium for events
                                                                            •   advertising revenues
                                                                            •   merchandising revenues
the profit zone
                                        Partner Network                                               Customer Relationship

                                 •   food & beverages                                             •   personalized web profile
                                 •   ticketing services                                           •   newsletter
                                 •   promoters                                                    •   team blog (RSS)
                                 •   ad placement                                                 •   VIP events with team
                                 •   telecom operator                                             •   …
                                 •   TV operator
                                 •   …




      Core Capability                Activity Configuration          Value Proposition                 Distribution Channel             Target Customer

 • play attractive & win         • team management                • attractive soccer             •   stadium                     •   fans (families, etc.)
   games                         • event management               • 360º event (match,            •   POS networks                •   fan groups
 • brand management              • venue management                 dining, shopping)             •   club website (+online TV)   •   companies
 • video images                  • ticketing                      • exclusive VIP lounges         •   club cable TV channel       •   event/concert organizers
 • channel management            • VIP relationship               • merchandising                 •   mobile phone TV channel     •   advertisers
                                   management                     • renting out stadium           •   …                           •   …
                                 • video crew                     •…
                                 •…



      Cost Structure                                                  Revenue Model

               •   team & maintenance                                           •   Ticket fees & season tickets
               •   infrastructure management                                    •   online TV subscription revenues
               •                                                                •
               •
                   marketing
                   video                                      <                 •
                                                                                    revenue sharing cable & mobile phone TV
                                                                                    renting out stadium for events
                                                                                •   advertising revenues
                                                                                •   merchandising revenues
the process of
designing innovative
  business models
the focus of the
   business model
innovator & designer
user-centered
PARTNER                       CUSTOMER
                 NETWORK                     RELATIONSHIPS
   CORE                           VALUE                      CUSTOMER
CAPABILITIES                   PROPOSITION                   SEGMENTS
                  ACTIVITY                   DISTRIBUTION
               CONFIGURATION                  CHANNELS



                   COST                        REVENUE
                STRUCTURE                      STREAMS
creativity & exploration
Googleplex
70:20:10
PARTNER                       CUSTOMER
                 NETWORK                     RELATIONSHIPS
   CORE                           VALUE                      CUSTOMER
CAPABILITIES                   PROPOSITION                   SEGMENTS
                  ACTIVITY                   DISTRIBUTION
               CONFIGURATION                  CHANNELS



                   COST                        REVENUE
                STRUCTURE                      STREAMS
continuous innovation
interdisciplinary approach
Grameen Phone Bangladesh
Grameen
                  Bank
                                              customer
                                            relationships
                 telecom
                operators




micro-credit
                                  village
                                            phone ladies       villager
                                telephony
   mobile        activity
 telephony     configuration
                                source of    Grameen
                                                             phone ladies
                                revenue     Bank (billing)
   billing




                  telecom                   mobile phone
               infrastructure                revenues
holistic design
Apple iTunes & iPod
content
               producers
                                            lifestyle brand
                hardware
                suppliers



hardware &    prod. & softw.
softw. dev.      design
                                  iPod      Apple stores

e-commerce      brand
              management                        dealer        “high-end”
                                 iBook
                                               network        consumer
 multimedia     hardware
rights mgmt    distribution    multimedia
                                               iTunes
                               downloads
                 content
  content
               distribution



                                              hardware
                                              revenues
              cost structure
                                             multimedia
                                             revenues
strategic fit
the Amazon.com you know
Amazon Simple Storage Services (S3)
customer
                  partners                       relationships



   product
  selection
                  content        selling stuff                       mass
                                                 Amazon.com
                management       on the Web                        customer
 distribution
                warehousing                                        Web2.0
                                 Amazon S3        Internet API
                & distribution                                    companies
  product
  search
                                 A9 product                       e-commerce
                data services                       Internet
                                  search                              sites
Amazon.com
 data grid



                                                  selling stuff
                   IT infra
                                                 data storage
                                                     fees
                 marketing
                                                 search engine
                                                   revenues
the business
modeler’s toolbox
co-creation
ideation
visualization
prototyping
the design process
1. identify interdisciplinary stakeholders
   -> set-up team
do you have to get the IT
team out of their cubicles?
2. understand (business) environment
   –> frame problem
various starting points / depending on context



                 PARTNER                            CUSTOMER
                 NETWORK                          RELATIONSHIPS
   CORE                           VALUE                                           CUSTOMER
CAPABILITIES                   PROPOSITION                                        SEGMENTS
                  ACTIVITY                         DISTRIBUTION
               CONFIGURATION                        CHANNELS



                   COST                               REVENUE
                STRUCTURE                             STREAMS




                                         [Osterwalder (2004) The Business Model Ontology]
3. suspend reality
   -> ideate
4. bring back reality
   -> prototype
5. chose suitable design
   -> decide
6. sketch out projects & workload
   -> draw implementation plan
Project     Estimated
   Area
                name        workload

                            10
               Project V1
Value                       man/days
Proposition                 120
               Project V2
                            man/days

Distribution                38
               Project C1
Channels                    man/days


     …
7. outline key indicators to follow
   -> choose measures
Project     Estimated   KPI         Target
   Area
                name        workload    (measure)   level

                            10
               Project V1
Value                       man/days
Proposition                 120
               Project V2
                            man/days

Distribution                38
               Project C1
Channels                    man/days


     …
8. select the right teams and people
   -> make responsible
Project     Estimated   KPI         Target
   Area                                                      leader
                name        workload    (measure)   level

                            10
               Project V1                                    Mr. Jan
Value                       man/days
Proposition                 120
               Project V2                                    Ms. Tee
                            man/days

Distribution                38
               Project C1
Channels                    man/days


     …
9. execute the plan
   -> manage implementation & change
10. evaluate, learn and redesign
    -> manage improvement
Exercise
Google’s Business Model
       Key Partner            Key Activities        Value Proposition        Customer Relationship      Target Customer




                         • Platform Management
                         • Managing Services
                         • Expanding Search




                               designing blue
                             Key Resources
                                                 • Targeted Ads
                                                 • Free search
                                                 • Monetizing Content
                                                                                     Channel
                                                                                                     • Advertisers
                                                                                                     • Web Surfers
                                                                                                     • Content Owners



                                   oceans
                         • Search Platform




      Cost Structure                                                Revenue Stream




                                                                •   Keyword Auctions
  •     Platform Costs                                          •   Free
from bloated head to the long tail
> market boundaries are
  not given
> they are reconstructed
  by the actions & beliefs
  of industry players
RED OCEAN                        BLUE OCEAN


• compete in existing markets     • create uncontested markets

• beat the competition            • make competition irrelevant

• explore existing demand         • create & capture new demand

• make the value/cost trad-off    • break value/cost trad-off

• align with differentiation OR   • align with differentiation
  low cost                          AND low cost
differentiate your value proposition
working definition value proposition



   • a customer value proposition gives an overall view of a
     company's bundle of products, services and client
     advice.
   • it is the sum of the total benefits a customer is
     promised to receive in return for a payment (or other
     value transfer)
group warm-up


 what are the 5 most
 important competitive
 attributes that
 characterize a game
 console’s offer?

 (e.g. price, performance, design)




                    attribute 1
   attribute 2      e.g. performance
   e.g. price
5 attributes

    1

                2

                    1. most important attribute
                    2. second most important
                    3. …
            3       4. …

4               -


        -
1. …
2. …
3. …
4. …
5. …
draw a value proposition


                          5 - high
  bank’s performance




                       3 - medium




                           1 - low




                                     [Kim & Mauborgne (2002) Charting Your Company's Future]
live Excel
eliminate   raise




 reduce     create
strong & valuable approach, but limited view
PARTNER                       CUSTOMER
                 NETWORK                     RELATIONSHIPS
   CORE                           VALUE                      CUSTOMER
CAPABILITIES                   PROPOSITION                   SEGMENTS
                  ACTIVITY                   DISTRIBUTION
               CONFIGURATION                  CHANNELS



                   COST                        REVENUE
                STRUCTURE                      STREAMS
examples
Goldcorp

              “geology prize”                CUSTOMER
                500’000 $US                RELATIONSHIPS
exploiting                                                 CUSTOMER
                                 mining
  mines                                                    SEGMENTS
                                           DISTRIBUTION
                 research
                                            CHANNELS



             low costs through               REVENUE
              open exploration               STREAMS




      Goldcorp publicly shared all of its geological data and
    offered US$ 500’000 in prizes for determining where they
           might find the next 6 million ounces of gold
from copyright to creative commons
Skype



                     “eBay”                           website
 deliver voice &                 free VoIP & value                      global
  video quality                   added services                   (non segmented)
                     software
                                                      internet
                   development



                     software                        large scale
                   development                       low margin




                    free voice-over-IP VoIP telephony &
                            value-added services
1291 Cityhomes               low-cost hotel/rental in New York City


                 young
                curious
                 Swiss
                                               CUSTOMER
                                             RELATIONSHIPS
               apartment
                owners




 keep down
                                low cost
   costs       renting out                   DISTRIBUTION    the cost
                             accommodation
                 rooms                        CHANNELS       sensible
                                New York
 find demand




                low cost                         rents
Tecnovate

             “import” young
                 curious                          CUSTOMER
              Europeans to                      RELATIONSHIPS
              India to work


                              low-cost multi-
keep down      ACTIVITY          lingual call   DISTRIBUTION       European
  costs     CONFIGURATION           center       CHANNELS         corporations
                                outsourcing




                                                  REVENUE
                low cost
                                                  STREAMS




        business process outsourcing “up-side down” in India
Netflix



                independent
                                                profile
                    films
large movie                   (niche) movies                specialized
  database                        over the                   clientele
                 ACTIVITY         Internet
                                                 Web
              CONFIGURATION



                   COST                        REVENUE
                STRUCTURE                      STREAMS




        online movie rental (with large niche movie database)
Business model canvas ism

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Business model canvas ism

  • 1. Business Model Generation Iskandar Muda Oct 18, 2012
  • 2. change is the process by which the future invades our lives -> Alvin Toffler
  • 3. first of all: what are YOUR concerns? (buzz groups)
  • 4. what are YOUR biggest issues and fears you face in strategic management today?
  • 5. where do YOU see the largest opportunities to improve strategic management today?
  • 8. tell me about the most important innovations in your company
  • 14. four rings of innovation business model innovation product & service innovation process innovation technology innovation
  • 15. which one of your examples qualify as business model innovation?
  • 16. “Business model innovation matters” and it is a top priority of CEOs
  • 18. how do you describe a business model?
  • 19. without a common language
  • 20. how do you communicate a business model?
  • 21. 1% 18% Strategy 300% Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Cras in tortor. Sed posuere erat. Maecenas pulvinar nulla eu magna. Vivamus semper, risus ut egestas pulvinar, lectus ante feugiat quam, sit amet congue odio lacus ac ipsum. Aliquam suscipit, est ut volutpat vulputate, nulla felis pulvinar libero, non ornare libero ipsum tristique tortor. Fusce sed lorem vitae justo feugiat malesuada. Donec aliquet. Vivamus semper eros nec Text Text diam. Vivamus sem arcu, imperdiet nec, congue ac, scelerisque vel, nulla. Donec et mauris. Integer a nulla vulputate pede consequat euismod. Praesent molestie urna nec leo. Proin eros. Maecenas ac sem nec dui sodales tempus. Maecenas suscipit egestas velit. Suspendisse vel tortor. Proin imperdiet, sem nec aliquet ultrices, nunc est egestas eros, non hendrerit magna eros eget augue. Maecenas sed leo vitae leo faucibus vulputate. Proin dignissim eros at augue. Nam luctus nulla non nibh. Nam at lorem ac mauris laoreet viverra. In placerat consequat nunc. Donec rhoncus nunc ac urna. Integer vestibulum condimentum orci. Fusce velit turpis, malesuada quis, scelerisque ut, eleifend vitae, ipsum. Vestibulum eu erat. Vestibulum justo nisl, tincidunt et, semper vel, tristique quis, eros. Vestibulum tempus, massa vel consectetuer congue, erat magna consequat purus, a facilisis orci nibh vitae Text purus. Nam tincidunt venenatis ligula. Nunc orci nulla, ornare quis, lobortis viverra, dapibus at, turpis. Suspendisse sit amet nisl at enim tincidunt blandit. Curabitur augue est, suscipit sed, egestas sit amet, vehicula vitae, tellus. Maecenas nec metus vel nisi interdum pellentesque. Development plan • Quisque augue felis, commodo a, elementum id, faucibus id, sem. Aenean rutrum enim. Praesent pulvinar dignissim nisl. Cras a nunc. Donec tincidunt odio sit amet lacus. Pellentesque metus tortor, ullamcorper vitae, lobortis vel, euismod in, mi. Ut laoreet, tellus laoreet blandit mollis, massa purus posuere purus, quis molestie ligula massa eu metus. Duis placerat, nulla sit amet ornare interdum, neque nunc mollis leo, vitae porttitor mi orci sit amet neque. Donec at enim. In facilisis tellus gravida ligula. Phasellus ut lorem. Pellentesque ac tortor eget augue suscipit ullamcorper. Aenean eleifend porta orci. • Etiam at arcu. Vestibulum lacinia nunc in eros. Suspendisse potenti. Aliquam erat volutpat. Donec gravida. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Maecenas vel enim et metus semper fringilla. Donec ornare arcu. Maecenas faucibus ligula convallis nibh. Mauris dui quam, congue eu, commodo nec, tristique in, enim. Nulla auctor semper urna. Quisque a elit eu purus iaculis vestibulum. Aliquam dictum risus at odio. Fusce at lorem et elit faucibus placerat. Aenean velit. Proin elit odio, blandit et, scelerisque quis, pulvinar a, dui. Nunc magna dolor, bibendum ut, accumsan congue, tincidunt sit amet, neque. Proin consequat tincidunt lacus. In urna dui, congue nec, tincidunt sit amet, facilisis imperdiet, lorem. • Morbi sed nibh. Vivamus vitae dolor. Ut bibendum volutpat mi. Pellentesque quis magna non lectus elementum pretium. Aliquam quis est vitae arcu consequat fringilla. Cras magna risus, placerat eget, egestas consectetuer, ornare vel, felis. Nam ornare justo id orci mattis ultricies. Morbi luctus. Ut pretium odio ac 12% libero. Nunc sollicitudin pharetra lorem. Aenean scelerisque, lacus eget ullamcorper scelerisque, ipsum urna viverra mi, eget viverra quam eros eget velit. Ut lacinia feugiat purus. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Etiam nunc nisl, aliquam blandit, luctus id, Words commodo laoreet, sem. Phasellus sit amet orci ut sapien vulputate pellentesque. Pellentesque dapibus purus et quam. Nam sit amet magna in neque dignissim sodales. Aenean non justo nec magna lobortis volutpat. through inappropriate means
  • 22. Here Ok Here CEOs 10° Managers 60° Staff 360°
  • 23. how do you implement a business model?
  • 25. how do you measure the success of a business model?
  • 27. how do you change a business model and innovate?
  • 29. what is a business model?
  • 31. business model framework a business model describes the value an organization offers to various customers and portrays the capabilities and partners required for creating, marketing, and delivering this value and relationship capital with the goal of generating profitable and sustainable revenue streams [Osterwalder (2004) The Business Model Ontology]
  • 40. the big picture Key Partner Key Activities Value Proposition Customer Relationship Target Customer Key Resources Channel … Cost Structure Revenue Stream
  • 41. value create revenue Key Partner Key Activities Value Proposition Customer Relationship Target Customer Key Resources Channel … Cost Structure Revenue Stream
  • 42. creating value requires infrastructure Key Partner Key Activities Value Proposition Customer Relationship Target Customer Key Resources Channel … Cost Structure Revenue Stream
  • 43. Infrastructure generating costs Key Partner Key Activities Value Proposition Customer Relationship Target Customer Key Resources Channel … Cost Structure Revenue Stream
  • 44. The profit zone Key Partner Key Activities Value Proposition Customer Relationship Target Customer Key Resources Channel … Cost Structure Revenue Stream <
  • 46. you become the new owner of a soccer club …
  • 48. what value proposition do you offer, to which customer segments? describing how a wealth management bank acquires its clients
  • 49. what value proposition do you offer, to which customer segments? (model) OFFER CUSTOMER VALUE CUSTOMER PROPOSITION SEGMENTS value proposition 1 target customer 1 value proposition 2 target customer 2 … …
  • 50. what value proposition do you offer, to which customer segments? (example) OFFER CUSTOMER spectacular fans offensive football advertising space & advertisers high visibility … …
  • 51.
  • 52. how do you reach your customers?
  • 53. how do you reach your customers? (model) OFFER CUSTOMER COMMUNICATION VALUE CUSTOMER & DISTRIBUTION PROPOSITION SEGMENTS CHANNELS value proposition 1 channel 1 target customer 1 value proposition 2 channel 2 target customer 2 … … …
  • 54. how do you reach your customers? (example) OFFER CUSTOMER stadium & box office spectacular club owned TV fans offensive football channel mobile phone TV advertising space & sales force advertisers high visibility
  • 55. how do you build relationships?
  • 56. how do you build relationships with your customers? (model) OFFER CUSTOMER VALUE CUSTOMER CUSTOMER PROPOSITION RELATIONSHIP SEGMENTS value proposition 1 mechanism 1 target customer 1 value proposition 2 mechanism 2 target customer 2 … … …
  • 57. how do you build relationships with your customers? (example) OFFER CUSTOMER personalized website (ticketing) spectacular team blog (RSS) fans offensive football …
  • 58. how do you earn your money with this business model?
  • 59. how do you earn your money with this business model? (model) OFFER FINANCE VALUE REVENUE CUSTOMER PROPOSITION STREAMS SEGMENTS value proposition 1 revenue stream 1 target customer 1 value proposition 2 revenue stream 2 target customer 2 … … …
  • 60. how do you earn your money with this business model? (example) OFFER FINANCE ticket sales spectacular TV channel fans offensive football subscriber fees mobile phone TV subscriber fees advertising space & advertising revenues advertisers high visibility
  • 62. STRATEGY BUSINESS MODEL ORGANIZATION TECHNOLOGY the business model’s place in the company
  • 64. 5 forces customer technological needs change BUSINESS MODEL legal social environment environment competition
  • 65. the big picture (business model)
  • 66. the big picture Partner Network Customer Relationship • food & beverages • personalized web profile • ticketing services • newsletter • promoters • team blog (RSS) • ad placement • VIP events with team • telecom operator • … • TV operator • … Core Capability Activity Configuration Value Proposition Distribution Channel Target Customer • play attractive & win • team management • attractive soccer • stadium • fans (families, etc.) games • event management • 360º event (match, • POS networks • fan groups • brand management • venue management dining, shopping) • club website (+online TV) • companies • video images • ticketing • exclusive VIP lounges • club cable TV channel • event/concert organizers • channel management • VIP relationship • merchandising • mobile phone TV channel • advertisers management • renting out stadium • … • … • video crew •… •… Cost Structure Revenue Model • team & maintenance • Ticket fees & season tickets • infrastructure management • online TV subscription revenues • marketing • revenue sharing cable & mobile phone TV • video • renting out stadium for events • advertising revenues • merchandising revenues
  • 67. value creates revenues Partner Network Customer Relationship • food & beverages • personalized web profile • ticketing services • newsletter • promoters • team blog (RSS) • ad placement • VIP events with team • telecom operator • … • TV operator • … Core Capability Activity Configuration Value Proposition Distribution Channel Target Customer • play attractive & win • team management • attractive soccer • stadium • fans (families, etc.) games • event management • 360º event (match, • POS networks • fan groups • brand management • venue management dining, shopping) • club website (+online TV) • companies • video images • ticketing • exclusive VIP lounges • club cable TV channel • event/concert organizers • channel management • VIP relationship • merchandising • mobile phone TV channel • advertisers management • renting out stadium • … • … • video crew •… •… Cost Structure Revenue Model • team & maintenance • Ticket fees & season tickets • infrastructure management • online TV subscription revenues • marketing • revenue sharing cable & mobile phone TV • video • renting out stadium for events • advertising revenues • merchandising revenues
  • 68. creating value requires infrastructure Partner Network Customer Relationship • food & beverages • personalized web profile • ticketing services • newsletter • promoters • team blog (RSS) • ad placement • VIP events with team • telecom operator • … • TV operator • … Core Capability Activity Configuration Value Proposition Distribution Channel Target Customer • play attractive & win • team management • attractive soccer • stadium • fans (families, etc.) games • event management • 360º event (match, • POS networks • fan groups • brand management • venue management dining, shopping) • club website (+online TV) • companies • video images • ticketing • exclusive VIP lounges • club cable TV channel • event/concert organizers • channel management • VIP relationship • merchandising • mobile phone TV channel • advertisers management • renting out stadium • … • … • video crew •… •… Cost Structure Revenue Model • team & maintenance • Ticket fees & season tickets • infrastructure management • online TV subscription revenues • marketing • revenue sharing cable & mobile phone TV • video • renting out stadium for events • advertising revenues • merchandising revenues
  • 69. infrastructure generates costs Partner Network Customer Relationship • food & beverages • personalized web profile • ticketing services • newsletter • promoters • team blog (RSS) • ad placement • VIP events with team • telecom operator • … • TV operator • … Core Capability Activity Configuration Value Proposition Distribution Channel Target Customer • play attractive & win • team management • attractive soccer • stadium • fans (families, etc.) games • event management • 360º event (match, • POS networks • fan groups • brand management • venue management dining, shopping) • club website (+online TV) • companies • video images • ticketing • exclusive VIP lounges • club cable TV channel • event/concert organizers • channel management • VIP relationship • merchandising • mobile phone TV channel • advertisers management • renting out stadium • … • … • video crew •… •… Cost Structure Revenue Model • team & maintenance • Ticket fees & season tickets • infrastructure management • online TV subscription revenues • marketing • revenue sharing cable & mobile phone TV • video • renting out stadium for events • advertising revenues • merchandising revenues
  • 70. the profit zone Partner Network Customer Relationship • food & beverages • personalized web profile • ticketing services • newsletter • promoters • team blog (RSS) • ad placement • VIP events with team • telecom operator • … • TV operator • … Core Capability Activity Configuration Value Proposition Distribution Channel Target Customer • play attractive & win • team management • attractive soccer • stadium • fans (families, etc.) games • event management • 360º event (match, • POS networks • fan groups • brand management • venue management dining, shopping) • club website (+online TV) • companies • video images • ticketing • exclusive VIP lounges • club cable TV channel • event/concert organizers • channel management • VIP relationship • merchandising • mobile phone TV channel • advertisers management • renting out stadium • … • … • video crew •… •… Cost Structure Revenue Model • team & maintenance • Ticket fees & season tickets • infrastructure management • online TV subscription revenues • • • marketing video < • revenue sharing cable & mobile phone TV renting out stadium for events • advertising revenues • merchandising revenues
  • 71. the process of designing innovative business models
  • 72. the focus of the business model innovator & designer
  • 74. PARTNER CUSTOMER NETWORK RELATIONSHIPS CORE VALUE CUSTOMER CAPABILITIES PROPOSITION SEGMENTS ACTIVITY DISTRIBUTION CONFIGURATION CHANNELS COST REVENUE STRUCTURE STREAMS
  • 78. PARTNER CUSTOMER NETWORK RELATIONSHIPS CORE VALUE CUSTOMER CAPABILITIES PROPOSITION SEGMENTS ACTIVITY DISTRIBUTION CONFIGURATION CHANNELS COST REVENUE STRUCTURE STREAMS
  • 82. Grameen Bank customer relationships telecom operators micro-credit village phone ladies villager telephony mobile activity telephony configuration source of Grameen phone ladies revenue Bank (billing) billing telecom mobile phone infrastructure revenues
  • 85. content producers lifestyle brand hardware suppliers hardware & prod. & softw. softw. dev. design iPod Apple stores e-commerce brand management dealer “high-end” iBook network consumer multimedia hardware rights mgmt distribution multimedia iTunes downloads content content distribution hardware revenues cost structure multimedia revenues
  • 88. Amazon Simple Storage Services (S3)
  • 89. customer partners relationships product selection content selling stuff mass Amazon.com management on the Web customer distribution warehousing Web2.0 Amazon S3 Internet API & distribution companies product search A9 product e-commerce data services Internet search sites Amazon.com data grid selling stuff IT infra data storage fees marketing search engine revenues
  • 96. 1. identify interdisciplinary stakeholders -> set-up team
  • 97. do you have to get the IT team out of their cubicles?
  • 98. 2. understand (business) environment –> frame problem
  • 99. various starting points / depending on context PARTNER CUSTOMER NETWORK RELATIONSHIPS CORE VALUE CUSTOMER CAPABILITIES PROPOSITION SEGMENTS ACTIVITY DISTRIBUTION CONFIGURATION CHANNELS COST REVENUE STRUCTURE STREAMS [Osterwalder (2004) The Business Model Ontology]
  • 100. 3. suspend reality -> ideate
  • 101. 4. bring back reality -> prototype
  • 102. 5. chose suitable design -> decide
  • 103. 6. sketch out projects & workload -> draw implementation plan
  • 104. Project Estimated Area name workload 10 Project V1 Value man/days Proposition 120 Project V2 man/days Distribution 38 Project C1 Channels man/days …
  • 105. 7. outline key indicators to follow -> choose measures
  • 106. Project Estimated KPI Target Area name workload (measure) level 10 Project V1 Value man/days Proposition 120 Project V2 man/days Distribution 38 Project C1 Channels man/days …
  • 107. 8. select the right teams and people -> make responsible
  • 108. Project Estimated KPI Target Area leader name workload (measure) level 10 Project V1 Mr. Jan Value man/days Proposition 120 Project V2 Ms. Tee man/days Distribution 38 Project C1 Channels man/days …
  • 109. 9. execute the plan -> manage implementation & change
  • 110. 10. evaluate, learn and redesign -> manage improvement
  • 112. Google’s Business Model Key Partner Key Activities Value Proposition Customer Relationship Target Customer • Platform Management • Managing Services • Expanding Search designing blue Key Resources • Targeted Ads • Free search • Monetizing Content Channel • Advertisers • Web Surfers • Content Owners oceans • Search Platform Cost Structure Revenue Stream • Keyword Auctions • Platform Costs • Free
  • 113. from bloated head to the long tail
  • 114.
  • 115. > market boundaries are not given > they are reconstructed by the actions & beliefs of industry players
  • 116. RED OCEAN BLUE OCEAN • compete in existing markets • create uncontested markets • beat the competition • make competition irrelevant • explore existing demand • create & capture new demand • make the value/cost trad-off • break value/cost trad-off • align with differentiation OR • align with differentiation low cost AND low cost
  • 117. differentiate your value proposition
  • 118. working definition value proposition • a customer value proposition gives an overall view of a company's bundle of products, services and client advice. • it is the sum of the total benefits a customer is promised to receive in return for a payment (or other value transfer)
  • 119. group warm-up what are the 5 most important competitive attributes that characterize a game console’s offer? (e.g. price, performance, design) attribute 1 attribute 2 e.g. performance e.g. price
  • 120. 5 attributes 1 2 1. most important attribute 2. second most important 3. … 3 4. … 4 - -
  • 121. 1. … 2. … 3. … 4. … 5. …
  • 122.
  • 123. draw a value proposition 5 - high bank’s performance 3 - medium 1 - low [Kim & Mauborgne (2002) Charting Your Company's Future]
  • 125.
  • 126. eliminate raise reduce create
  • 127.
  • 128.
  • 129. strong & valuable approach, but limited view
  • 130. PARTNER CUSTOMER NETWORK RELATIONSHIPS CORE VALUE CUSTOMER CAPABILITIES PROPOSITION SEGMENTS ACTIVITY DISTRIBUTION CONFIGURATION CHANNELS COST REVENUE STRUCTURE STREAMS
  • 132. Goldcorp “geology prize” CUSTOMER 500’000 $US RELATIONSHIPS exploiting CUSTOMER mining mines SEGMENTS DISTRIBUTION research CHANNELS low costs through REVENUE open exploration STREAMS Goldcorp publicly shared all of its geological data and offered US$ 500’000 in prizes for determining where they might find the next 6 million ounces of gold
  • 133.
  • 134. from copyright to creative commons
  • 135. Skype “eBay” website deliver voice & free VoIP & value global video quality added services (non segmented) software internet development software large scale development low margin free voice-over-IP VoIP telephony & value-added services
  • 136. 1291 Cityhomes low-cost hotel/rental in New York City young curious Swiss CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS apartment owners keep down low cost costs renting out DISTRIBUTION the cost accommodation rooms CHANNELS sensible New York find demand low cost rents
  • 137. Tecnovate “import” young curious CUSTOMER Europeans to RELATIONSHIPS India to work low-cost multi- keep down ACTIVITY lingual call DISTRIBUTION European costs CONFIGURATION center CHANNELS corporations outsourcing REVENUE low cost STREAMS business process outsourcing “up-side down” in India
  • 138. Netflix independent profile films large movie (niche) movies specialized database over the clientele ACTIVITY Internet Web CONFIGURATION COST REVENUE STRUCTURE STREAMS online movie rental (with large niche movie database)