Modern Web Development with Ruby on Rails
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Ruby on Rails is a web application framework created in 2004 and extracted from the authors' work on Basecamp. It is a full-stack framework that provides default structures and tools for database access, templating, routing and more. The framework emphasizes conventions over configuration and follows patterns like MVC and REST to provide a pragmatic approach to building web applications. Testing and agile development practices are also core to how Rails applications are built.
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Modern Web Development with Ruby on Rails
- 1. Modern webdevelopment with Ruby on Rails Robert Glaser Software Developer at Planetactive
- 2. Me • Studied at Fontys Venlo • 26 years • Software Developer at Planetactive - an Ogilvy Company in Düsseldorf twitter.com/mrreynolds
- 3. Planetactive • Ogilvy / WPP worldwide agency group • Full service digital marketing agency
- 4. So...
- 5. Modern? • What exactly does „modern“ mean? • „Modern“ is a very subjective and opinionated term • So is Ruby on Rails!
- 6. • Created in 2004 by David Heinemeier Hansson (DHH) at 37signals • Extracted from Basecamp (basecamphq.com) • Based on pragmatic solutions for common problems • Opinionated software • DRY - Don‘t Repeat Yourself
- 7. Wait. There are hundreds of MVC web frameworks!
- 8. „It‘s a very pragmatic, very targeted framework with a strong sense of direction. You might not share it‘s vision, but it undeniably has one.“ DHH photo copyright by James Duncan Davidson
- 9. Rails is „full stack“... • ActiveRecord (ORM) • ActionPack (ActionController, ActionView) • ActiveSupport (Class Extensions, Helpers) • ActionMailer • ActiveResource (REST Mapper) • Rails (Core Lib)
- 10. ...with many ingredients • Instant start defaults • Strong REST support • Webserver • Session Handling • Logger • Middleware (Rack) • Staging • Test Framework • AJAX • Plugins • Webservices • Engines • Mail • Clean MVC architecture • Debugger • Scaffolding • Caching
- 11. ORM • Database abstraction & persistance ORM • ActiveRecord also a pattern • Migrations for incremental schema management
- 12. YEAH! I don‘t have to write SQL!!!
- 13. Yes, but you should understand what you are doing.
- 14. Convention over configuration • File naming conventions and assumptions • DB naming conventions for databases, tables, primary- and foreign keys • Pluralization and singularization through String inflectors • Per-Environment configuration files
- 15. DRY - Don‘t Repeat Yourself • Table column names don‘t need to be manually defined => read from DB • Reusing code (e.g. in views via partials) • Metaprogramming • DSLs
- 16. Model • Business logic • Data persistence • ActiveRecord
- 17. View • Data presentation • User Interaction • Template language ERB (Embedded Ruby) • ActionView
- 18. Controller • Event handling • Operation on models • Redirection and rendering • ActionController
- 19. ActionController ActiveRecord ActionView
- 20. ActiveRecord • Conventions (pluralized table names, ...) • Dynamic getters and setters • SQL mostly unnecessary • Entity relations (1:1, 1:n, n:n) • SQL injection protection • Validators • Callbacks
- 21. ActionView • ERB (Embedded Ruby) • Javascript generators (AJAX) • XML templates • Reusing template elements via partials and layouts
- 22. ActionController • Actions are public controller methods • Automatic template rendering • Multiple formats can easily be supported • RESTful model representations • Callbacks • Complete routing system • Security (CSRF, IP spoofing, etc.)
- 23. REST • Representational State Transfer • Representation of resources with only HTTP • Actions on resources defined by HTTP methods • Stateless • No additional transport layer like SOAP
- 24. REST
- 25. Testing • Test environment & database • Fixtures or Factories, depending on you • Unit tests for models • Functional tests for controllers • Integration tests for workflow • Automated browser tests via Selenium
- 26. Made for agile! • Test driven development encouraged • It‘s hard not to test • Coverage testing via rcov • Behaviour driven development with Rspec, Cucumber or Shoulda (Stories and contexts) • Iterative DB schema evolvement via migrations
- 27. Libraries, libraries!! • Plugins • Ruby Gems (Ruby‘s package management system)
- 28. So, what is Ruby?
- 29. Ruby • Released 1995 in Japan • Created by Yukihiro Matsumoto „Matz“ • Ruby should feel „natural, not simple“ • Ruby should be „more powerful than perl, more object-oriented than python“
- 30. Everything is an object!
- 32. Loops
- 33. Loops
- 34. Classes, objects, loops, iterators
- 35. Symbols
- 36. Symbols
- 38. Mixins
- 39. Mixins
- 40. Metaprogramming
- 41. Exceptions
- 42. If you want to use Ruby, use it idiomaticly!
- 43. Demo time!
- 44. Fin! • Diploma thesis? • Practical semester? • Get in touch with me!