This report focuses on the markets, requirements and current and emerging technologies of transparent conductors. Worldwide research and design efforts are presented, both from research institutes and companies that are developing the necessary materials and processes - in total 53 organizations are profiled. It covers metal oxides, organic materials, and emerging alternatives including inorganic meshes, carbon nanotubes, graphene and more. The penetration of these options into applications such as displays, photovoltaics and touch screens, and others, is given for the next 10 years.
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Transparent conductive films for flexible electronics 2012 to 2022
1. TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE FILMS FOR FLEXIBLE
ELECTRONICS 2012-2022
This report focuses on the markets, requirements and
current and emerging technologies of transparent
conductors.
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2. DESCRIPTION
• This report focuses on the markets, requirements and current and emerging
technologies of transparent conductors. Worldwide research and design efforts
are presented, both from research institutes and companies that are
developing the necessary materials and processes - in total 53 organizations
are profiled. It covers metal oxides, organic materials, and emerging
alternatives including inorganic meshes, carbon nanotubes, graphene and
more. The penetration of these options into applications such as displays,
photovoltaics and touch screens, and others, is given for the next 10 years.
• The importance of Transparent Conductive Films (TCF)
• Transparent conductive films are used for displays, some photovoltaics and
touch screen modules. In 2012, 93% of the market uses Indium Tin Oxide
(ITO) - which can be expensive depending on the current price of indium and
is brittle, and barely flexible. Other metal oxides are used, particularly in
some thin film photovoltaics which offer a cost advantage over ITO.
• However, now there are many other emerging technologies, from finely
printed conductive meshes, to layers of silver or copper that are highly
transparent, to organic transparent conductors, and variations such as carbon
nanotubes and graphene. This report assesses the technical progress of these
options, and their market sweet spot (if any) and forecast penetration.
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3. • Each option has trade-offs between conductivity, cost, transmittance, and
flexibility. Each can be patterned in different ways. While sputtering will
remain an important and high-volume technology for coating of rigid
substrates like glass, solution-based processes including printing and the use
of organic and nanoparticle materials have already gained a lot of traction and
are expected to dominate the market for the flexible applications within a few
years. Significant new developments are being made with both the materials
used and how they can be deposited. This report addresses the performance
of the different options and profiles organizations around the world that are
developing better solutions.
• The biggest opportunity
• The biggest opportunity has been - and for the next decade will be - for
displays, but this increasingly includes a wide range of displays including
OLEDs, which is now the priority of companies such as Samsung.
• While ESD (electro static discharge) applications have moderate requirements
concerning the properties of TCFs, demands in devices such as OLEDs are
more complex. The main reason is that in that case, not only the standard
properties as conductivity, cost, transmittance and flexibility are important,
but the interactions with other layers play an important role, namely charge
carrier injection. In addition, for large area devices, homogeneity is more
critical, especially when it comes to display and lighting applications.
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4. • The human eye is more sensitive to changes in brightness than to changes in
colour, and brightness of an light emitting device depends on the electrical
conditions - voltage in the case of inorganic electroluminescence, current flow
in the case of electrochromic and light-emitting semiconductors.
• This report critically assesses these issues.
• Market forecasts 2012-2022
• IDTechEx find that the market for TCFs will be $1.63 billion in 2012. This is
the cost of the material used for the TCF, excluding the substrate and
processing cost. It is based on a ground-up calculation of the material usage
by each type of device, and benchmarking with results from exhaustive
interviews of users and suppliers of TCFs. The report gives ten year forecasts
by TCF technology, in addition to ten year forecasts of the TCF area required
by application.
• We study the processing cost of different options - for example, the material
cost of Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) are similar to ITO but the structure of a CNT
TCF is much simpler and much easier to make and therefore overall the CNT
TCF, like for like, can be cheaper.
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5. • Who should buy this report
• For those that seek to address opportunities in this field, learn the latest
progress from around the world, the challenges and market potential, this
report is a must. Activities of more than 53 organizations from across the
globe are covered.
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