2. WHAT IS COMMUNICATION?
• The word "communication", which comes from
the Latin word "communicare" meaning to make
common, is used in common talk, usually to
mean speaking or writing and sending a message.
• Communication is really much more than that. It
involves ensuring that your message has reached
the target audience, and the receiver
understands and responds as you want.
• "Communication is any behavior that results in
an exchange of meaning" - THE AMERICAN
MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
3. METHODS OF COMMUNICATION
VERBAL COMMUNICATION:
Communication with words is called verbal communication. It
may be oral or written.
Attributes of verbal communication:
The following attributes are taken into account in choosing if
oral or written communication is to be used in a particular
situation:
1. Speed
2.Record
3. Precision and accuracy
4.Length
5. Expense
6.Body language
7.Feedback
4. Channels of oral
communication:
1. Face to face
2.Telephone
conversation
3. Presentation
4.Public speech
5.Interview
6.Group discussion
7.Negotiation
8.Meeting
Channels of written
communication:
1. Letter
2. Memo
3.Notice
4.Circular
5.Report
6.Minutes
5. NON VERBAL:
Communication with other symbols is called Non-verbal communication.
Uses of non verbal communication:
1. Instant affect:
Non verbal methods have an instant affect because of quicker grasp by the
receiver; it takes less time to see a colour or picture or to hear a sound than
to read or hear and understand words and sentences.
2. Aids verbal communication:
Maps, charts and graphs are necessary for conveying information or plans
related to geography, locations, data , etc.
3. Powerful response:
Response to visuals and plain sounds is more powerful than to language.
Example: A film is more effective than a written story.
4. Best method to convey information to illiterate people:
Symbols, signs, pictures, etc. help illiterate people understand the message
better. For example: A literate driver following the traffic signs on the road.
6. Non verbal aspects of written communication:
1. Colour
2. Picture
3. Diagram
4. Graphs and charts
5. Maps
6. Signs and signals
7. Auditory symbols
Non verbal aspects of oral communication:
1.Body language:
Body language means that changes occur in the body position and movements
that show what the personal is feeling or things.
Aspects of body language:
• Appearance
• Clothing and accessories
• Posture
• Facial expression
• Smile
7. • Eye contact
• Gestures
• Energy
• Space
• Time
2. Paralanguage:
The non verbal aspect of spoken words is known as paralanguage.
Aspects of paralanguage:
• Volume
• Tone
• Pitch
• Pause
• Pace
• Power
• Speed
• Voice modulation
• Accent