1. Rocks and the
Rock Cycle
Mr. Silva

2. Three Major Types of Rocks
• Igneous Rocks: “meaning from
fire”
– Formed when magma cools and
hardens.
– Magma is called lava when it
reaches the earth’s surface.

3. Three Major Types of Rocks
• Sedimentary Rock:
– All types of rock, minerals, and
organic matter that have been
broken into fragments by forces.
• Wind, water, ice
– Deposits harden after being
compressed together.

4. Three Major Types of Rocks
• Metamorphic Rock: “changed
form”
– When an existing rock undergoes
extreme forces it changes form.
• Tremendous pressure
• Extreme heat
• Chemical processes

5. The Rock Cycle
• A cycle is a series of changes
– Geological forces and processes cause rock to
change from one type to another and back again.
– Rocks in the crust have passes through the cycle
many times.

6. The Rock Cycle

7. The Rock Cycle