Job Creation Through Waste Plastics to Liquid Fuel Conversion Technology

1. Job Creation Through Waste Plastics to Liquid Fuel Conversion Technology By Moinuddin Sarker, PhD, MCIC. Vice President, Research & Development Natural State Research, Inc. 37 Brown House Road (2 nd Floor) Stamford, CT-06902 www.naturalstateresearch.com

2. 1. Reduce Foreign Oil Dependency 2. Boost US Economy 3. Reduce / Eliminate Landfills 4. Solve Environmental Issues 5. Pollution Control (GHG) 6. Jobs Creation 7. Reduce Carbon Footprint 8. Green Fuel 9. Alternate Source of Energy 10. Partnership with Plastics Industries Objective of the Project :

4. Company History: Karin Kaufman, PhD., sole owner, founded Natural State Research, Inc. 2003: Karin Kaufman, PhD. founded Natural State Research, Inc. 2004: Designs and constructs NSR laboratory and offices at present location 2005: Dr. Moinuddin Sarker, PhD, MCIC, furnishes the lab with all the necessary equipment to begin the research for R & D and hires lab and supporting teams. 2006: July; Laboratory opens for research and development. 2007: February; First produced fuel product (three years ahead of schedule) 2008: May; First Fuel test is made with generator, lawn mower engine, gasoline engine and automobile (Stamford Fire Marshal present). 2008 May; First provisional patent is applied. 2008 November; Location is secured for first pilot plant at 191-Route 22, Pawling, New York (Waiting for City Approval). 2009: Pilot Plant under construction for fuel production and testing facility located in Pawling, NY and Stamford, CT (Negotiating with different cities and locations). 2009 May: Finally US and International Patent Submitted (Patent Pending)

5. USA Patent (Patent Pending) : Serial # 12/471717 TITLE: METHOD FOR CONVERTING WASTE PLASTIC TO LOWER-MOLECULAR WEIGHT HYDROCARBONS, PARTICULARLY HYDROCARBON FUEL MATERIALS, AND THE HYDROCARBON MATERIAL PRODUCED THEREBY. Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) (International Patent (Patent Pending)) : Application # PCT/US09/03200 TITLE: METHOD FOR CONVERTING WASTE PLASTIC TO LOWER-MOLECULAR WEIGHT HYDROCARBONS, PARTICULARLY HYDROCARBON FUEL MATERIALS, AND THE HYDROCARBON MATERIAL PRODUCED THEREBY. NSR Patents / IP

6. 1. Transportation (Cars, Trucks, Air Lines, and Other Vehicles) 2. Energy Production for Daily Life (Electricity- Standard of Living) 3. Other Daily Activities Global Consumption of Crude Oil Plastics become waste after use. Plastic production for human consumption- multiple uses/types. Huge Problem

9. Existing Alternate / Renewable Sources of Energy in World: 1. Solar 2. Wind 3. Hydrogen Fuel 4. Bio-mass Fuel 5. Bio-Diesel 6. Green Diesel 7. Bio-ethanol 8. Geo-thermal 9. Ocean Current 10. NSR??? A New Alternate/Renewable Source of Energy: ► Waste Plastics to Liquid Fuel (NSR Patent Pending Technology)

10. Plastics: ● Plastics are macromolecules, formed by polymerization with the ability to be shaped through the application of a reasonable amount of heat and pressure or through some other form of force. ● Plastics have become an integral part and parcel of our lives due to their economic value, easy availability, easy process ability, light weight, durability and energy efficiency, to list a few of its numerous benefits. ● Plastics have molded the modern world, and have transformed our quality of life. There is no human activity where plastics do not play a key role, from clothing to shelter, transportation to communication, and entertainment to health care. What are Plastics???

11. P lastics encompass a large and varied group of materials consisting of different combinations or formulation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, chlorine, and other elements. There are over 50 different, unique families of plastics in commercial use today and each family may have dozen of variations. Source of Plastics: The majority of the most commonly used plastics are derived from the following chemicals: 1. Ethylene, 2. Propylene, 3. Butadiene and 4. Benzene These chemicals are in turn derived from Naphtha obtained during the petroleum refining process or from natural gas, after processing. How Plastics are Made???

12. Beverage bottles; baby milk bottles; electronic casing. Other (often P o lycarbonate or ABS ) Egg cartons; packing peanuts; disposable cups, plates, trays and cutlery; disposable take-away containers; Polystyrene (PS) Reusable microwaveable ware; kitchenware; yogurt containers; margarine tubs; microwaveable disposable take-away containers; disposable cups and plates. Polypropylene (PP) Frozen food bags; squeezable bottles, e.g. honey, mustard; cling films; flexible container lids. Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Juice bottles; cling films; PVC piping Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Milk, juice and water bottles; trash and retail bags. High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Soft drink, water and salad dressing bottles; peanut butter and jam jars Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET, PETE) Common Packaging Applications Type of plastic polymer Plastic Identification Code

13. Bumpers Plastic Bottles Light weight Home Construction Environment Child Fun Automotive Plastics Sports Garden Kitchen & Food Science Engineering Plastics

14. Scrap Plastics Baled Polythene Film Mixed Plastic Films Plastic Sheet Garbage Bags Plastic Rope /String Coat Hangers Film on Rolls Shredded Plastics Granulated Plastics EPS Briquettes Car Bumpers Mixed Plastic Bottles CD’s

15. Waste Plastic Drying Sorting Washing Condensation Fuel Storage Filtration Heating & Liquefaction Grinding Electricity Production Analysis Motor or Engine Run NSR FUEL PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII

16. Gas chromatogram of NSR double condensed filtered fuel (1 st collection).

17. Gas chromatogram of NSR double condensed filtered fuel (2 nd collection).

18. Gas chromatogram of commercial gasoline (gasoline-87).

19. Gas chromatogram of aviation fuel .

20. Gas chromatogram of diesel.

21. Carbon content of different fuels C 6 - C 27 Diesel C 7 - C 19 Aviation Fuel (Jet Fuel) C 4 - C 11 Gasoline (87) C 9 - C 27 NSR Double Condensed 2 nd Collection C 4 -C 12 NSR Double Condensed 1 st Collection Carbon Content Fuel Name

22. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) curves of several fuels illustrating different onsets of the boiling points

23. Energy content in BTU & Mega Joules 1 kWh = 3,412 Btu (British thermal unit) 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ (Mega Joules) 157.94 149,700.00 Residual Fuel 146.33 138,700.00 Distillate Fuel 146.33 138,700.00 Compressed natural gas 142.43 135,000.00 Jet Fuel 126.81 120,200.00 Aviation Fuel 146.33 138,700.00 Diesel 131.88 125,000.00 Gasoline (87) 140.65 133,366.00 NSR Fuel 2 nd collection (Double Condensation) 120.16 113,934.00 NSR Fuel 1 st Collection (Double Condensation) Mega joules /gallon Total Btu /gallon Type of Fuel

25. Preliminary Emission Test of NSR Fuels and Comparison with Outside Fuels DIPE = Di-isopropyl Ether TAME = Tetra Amyl-Methyl Ether MTBE = Methyl Tetra-Butyl Ether DVP = Dry Vapor Pressure (Psi) E150 = % volume evaporated at 1500C) Reference Websites: http://www.med.govt.nz/templates/page___10338.aspx All Preliminary test of NSR Fuels have done by www.intertek.com N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 50 N/A N/A Diesel N/A N/A N/A 18 1 10 N/A 1 150 75 6.52 Gasoline N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 4.7 N/A N/A NSR 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 >55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.15 6.2 5.6 4.54 NSR 1 MTBE TAME DIPE Olefins Oxygen (Wt %) Ethanol (Vol. %) Methanol (Vol. %) Benzene (Vol. %) Sulfur (mg/kg) E150 DVP (Psi) Sample

26. NSR Fuel USA Patent Pending NSR Fuel is a combination of Gasoline, Diesel, Aviation and Jet Fuel Preliminary research results indicate that NSR Fuel is highly flammable and substantially similar to Aviation and Jet Fuel International Patent / PCT (Patent Pending)

27. Cost Analysis: ● Thermal Process at ambient pressure and 370-420 (Degrees Celsius) ● NSR Fuel Energy input = 15-20 kWh US$ 1.65 - 2.20 (excluding overhead) ● Energy output = 55-60 kWh US$ 6.05 – 6.60 ● 2.90-3.00 Kg of Plastics = 3.8 litter = 1 gallon in Lab Scale (Commercial scale is would be less than US$ 1.00 per gallon) Present Price: ● Gasoline = US$ 2.50-3.00 per gallon, Energy output: 35-40 kWh ● Diesel: US$ 3.00-3.50 per gallon ● Aviation Fuel: US$ 8.00-10.00 per gallon

28. Waste Plastics in USA: ● 30 M Metric Tons of Waste Plastics is produced per year (Source: www.bostonpost.com) ● 1 Metric Ton = 8-9 Barrels of NSR Fuel ● 1 Barrel = 42 gallons in USA ● 30 M x 9 = 270 M of barrels of NSR fuel ● 270 M x 42 = 11,3400 M = 11.3 B gallons of NSR fuel ● NSR Fuel will reduce 3-6 % of USA foreign oil dependency. ● 30 M M Ton of Plastic = 163 M barrel of Crude Oil need to produce

31. Potential Clients of NSR Technology in USA: 1. City, Towns, Municipalities, Corporate Offices, Stadiums, Rock Concerts, Sea Beaches 2. Hotel, Resort, Conference Centers, Universities, Colleges, Schools, etc 3. Department of Energy (DOE) 4. Aviation Industries 5. Department of Defense ( US Army, Navy, Air Base, and Air Forces) 6. Department of Transportation (DOT) 7. USADA, Homeland Security, NASA, Airport, and Seaport Authorities 8. Plastics Industries & Other Manufacturing Companies 9. Many more

32. NSR Finance Already Spent 7 M US$ from 2003-2008 (Private Source) Required Fund 7-8 M US$ for on going R & D and set up a Proto-type Plant including Securing International Patent (use the fund for 2 yrs) Pay Back: In 2 yrs by Selling Products or Licensing / Franchise the Technology in USA and Around the World NSR first Licensing / Franchise Technology deal with Californian Company for 5 M US$ (Deal already signed on 13 th August 2009) California Produced 3.8 M tons of Waste Plastics in each Year

34. Partnership with Plastics Industries: One Plastic Bag = 10 ml of NSR Fuel 100 Plastics Bags = 1000 ml of NSR Fuel Using this fuel, one can drive 7-10 miles or produce 13-15 kwh electricity The electricity produced can light 130 -150 bulbs for hr ( 1 light = 100 watts)

35. NSR Car Test Experiment Specification for test vehicle: 1984 Oldsmobile (V-8, 5.0 liters powered engine) and 4 doors Sedan Experimental Conditions Driver: Eugene Sheveron (180 lbs) Along with 3 other researchers (Weight = 550 lbs) 5 Gallon Fuel Container (35 lbs) Spare Tire (50 lbs) Total Load : 815 lbs Mileage obtained from 1 gallon of fuel: NSR 1st Collection = 18 Miles Gasoline (87) = 15 Miles The test has been done in the city route.

36. Creating Job in USA In USA (Source: US Census Bureau) ● 25,000 Town / Municipalities ● 1200 Cities (Population of more than 100,000) ● 50 States ► If each of the 1200 cities creates 50 jobs, 60,000 jobs will be created in the USA alone. ► The jobs are secure; there will be a perpetual need for these employees.

37. 10 5 2.1 5 25 12.5 5.25 13 50 25 10.5 25 37.5 38 100 50 21 60 15.75 75 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Series1 Series2 Series3 Series4 Series5 Series1 10 5 2.1 5 Series2 25 12.5 5.25 13 Series3 50 25 10.5 25 Series4 75 37.5 15.75 38 Series5 100 50 21 60 Population (K) waste plastic tons / month NSR Fuel in Gallon (K) Job Job Creation

38. Sustainability of NSR Technology: City / Municipal NSR Technology House Hold Collect Waste Plastics NSR Fuel City Vehicles such as School Buses, Trucks, Police, Fire, Ambulance, etc. Produce Electricity and back up National Grid Waste Collection Vehicle Generator / Turbine Home Heating Recharge Hybrid Car

39. Future Plan and Projection: 2010 2011 2012 2012-2015 2013-2020 Obtained Patent; Apply for franchise registration 1 st commercial plant established and begins production Consumers use NSR Fuel Franchise and license NSR technology throughout USA Franchise and license NSR technology worldwide 2009-2011 R&D work and pilot plant (in parallel)

45. 9. Mairim Vant Network Engineer 10. Aminul Kabir, M.Sc. Lab Chemist 11. Ashiquz Zaman Research Assistant 12. Mohammad Molla Intern 13. Kamrul Islam, M.Sc. MBA Lab Technician 14. Sadikur Rahman, M.Sc Lab Chemist (Junior) Consultants: 1. Prof. Richard Parnas, University of Connecticut, USA 2. Sabir Majumder, PhD 3. Dennis Keehn Marketing Consultant 4. Fuad Rahman, PhD

46. NSR is a proud member of the following organizations: 1. TechConnect World, USA Website: http://www.techconnect.org 2. Nano Science and Technology Institute (NSTI), USA Website: http://www.nsti.org 3. National Recycling Coalition, Inc. USA Website: http://www.nrc-recycle.org 4. Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA), USA Website: http://www.swana.org 5. Renewable Energy Vermont, VT, USA Website: http://www.revermont.org 6. American Council on Renewable Energy (ACORE) Website: www.acore.org 7. Cleantech Forum International Website: www.cleantech.com 8. Connecticut Technology Council Websites: www.ctipa.org 9. Alliance for Clean Energy of New York Website: www.aceny.org 10. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Website: www.nfpa.org 11. Sierra Club Website: www.sierraclub.org 12. Greenpeace International Website: www.greenpeace.org/usa 13. Society of Automobile Engineering International Website: www.sae.org 14. Society of Plastics Engineers (SPE) Website: www.4spe.org

47. As recognition of NSR’s innovative technology, NSR received the AEI 2009 Tech Award by the Society of Automobile Engineering International at the SAE World Congress and Expo in Detroit, Michigan held on 20-23 April, 2009.

48. For recognition for its outstanding achievement, NSR was awarded the Innovation Pipeline Award 2009 “companies to watch” at the Connecticut Technology Council at OMNI Hotel New Haven, CT, held on September, 17 2009.

49. For more information regarding NSR Products and Technology; Please contact Dr. Moinuddin Sarker at NSR: 203-406-0675 or E-mail: [email_address] Or visit our website www.naturalstateresearch.com NSR Awards The AEI 2009 Tech Award made to NSR by the Society of Automobile Engineering International at the SAE World Congress and Expo 2009 in Detroit, Michigan held on 20-23rd April 2009. For recognition for its outstanding achievement, NSR was awarded the Innovation Pipeline Award 2009 “companies to watch” at the Connecticut Technology Council at OMNI Hotel New Haven, CT held on September, 17 2009. NSR Awards The AEI 2009 Tech Award made to NSR by the Society of Automobile Engineering International at the SAE World Congress and Expo 2009 in Detroit, Michigan held on 20-23rd April 2009. For recognition for its outstanding achievement, NSR was awarded the Innovation Pipeline Award 2009 “companies to watch” at the Connecticut Technology Council at OMNI Hotel New Haven, CT held on September, 17 2009.

50. Thank You Very Much for Your Attention.