Obejrzyj prezentację i odpowiedz na pytania: 1. Is tradition important to you? Why? 2. More and more teenagers think that wearing traditional clothes becomes old-fashioned. How far do you agree with it? 3. Would you like to visit Scotland during your holidays? Justify your opinion.

4. Saint Andrew's Cross
The Scottish flag is also known as the
Saltire. It is said to be one of the
oldest national flags in the world.
Tradition suggests that St. Andrew
was put to death by the Romans in
Greece by being pinned to a cross
of this shape.
Lion Rampant
Flag with a red lion standing on its
hind legs on a yellow background
is the flag of the kings of Scotland,
called the Royal Standard of
Scotland.

5. Although there is no official National anthem of Scotland,
Flower of Scotland is played on special occasions and
sporting events such as football and rugby matches, after
it was voted the overwhelming favourite by participating
Scottish athletes.
Other less popular candidates for the National Anthem of
Scotland include:
o Scotland the Brave
o Highland Cathedral
o Scots Wha Hae
o A Man's A Man for A' That

6. The name Scotland is derived from that of the Celtic people (Scotii) who
came across from Ireland during the 6th century. The Romans called
these northern lands Caledonia.
Scotland confirmed her independence at the Battle of Bannockburn in
Stirling in 1314, where a visitor centre tells the story today of how the
Scottish nation, under their leader King Robert the Bruce, overcame their
English oppressors. However, in 1603 the Scottish King James VI inherited
the English crown and thus Scotland lost her own royal court and later,
her parliament and independence in 1707.
Scotland is now governed from London, but in some ways it is still a
separate nation. It has its own capital – Edinburgh, its own law and its
own stamps. It even has a language of its own, spoken now by only a
few people in the islands.

7. Scotsmen are very proud of their
nationality, culture and traditions.
One of the most characteristic
elements of their tradition is the
national dress. The kilt is made of
woolen cloth of chequered
pattern, one for each family, called
tartan. As a symbol of
independence and pride it was
banned by the English in 1746, the
ban was lifted 35 years later.
It is still worn for social occasions in
Scotland, with white shirt and
tweed jacket, stockings and laced
shoes.

8. Bagpipe
The instrument
consists of:
 an airtight bag
and pipes of three
kinds
 a blow-pipe
 a “chanter” for
melody
drones producing
the continuous note.

9. CLAN
Important Scottish word is the clan. In Gaerlic, ‘clan’ means family.
The clan system started in Scotland in the 6th century, when the
Scots began to divide their kinds between their leaders. The clan
system had a recognized hierarchy starting with the chief and
down through lesser chieftains to simple clansmen who were sworn
to absolute loyalty.
NAMES
A lot of Scottish family names start with ‘Mac’ or ‘Mc’, which
means ‘son of’ in Gaerlic. Both forms are found, but there are
slightly more names beginning with ‘Mac’ in Scotland.

10. The thistle, Scotland's Floral emblem.

11. Scotland is divided into three geographical
areas:
 the Highlands
 the Islands
 the Lowlands

12. Scotland’s capital is regarded as one of Europe’s most
elegant cities. Begin at the castle, dominant on the city’s
skylines. Highlight of Edinburgh’s year is in August when the
city is filled to capacity during the International Festival and
Festival Fringe, while the nightly spectacle of the Military
Tattoo lights up the Castle Esplanade.

13. In contrast to the elegance of Edinburgh is the vibrancy of Scotland’s largest city,
Glasgow. Over the last decade Glasgow has undergone a cultural revolution and it is
today packed with cultural attractions: theatre, opera, ballet and outstanding
museums including the Burrell Collection.

14. He spent ten years fighting for
the freedom of Scotland's
people from English rule against
Edward I. He began as an
outlaw and came to lead
armies, with a famous victory
over the English at Stirling Bridge
in 1297. He was executed as a
traitor in London in 1305.
William Wallace
A number of monuments still
stand to his memory in Scotland
today including the Wallace
National Monument just outside
Stirling.

15. Mary Queen of Scots

16. Bonnie Prince Charlie
Flora MacDonald

17. King James I
Robert the Bruce

18. Black Agnes
Rob Roy

19. Football
Golf
The game of Golf was invented in Scotland and enjoyed by the nobility as early as the 15th
Century. Most Scottish towns and cities have at least one golf course (Edinburgh has
at least twenty-one courses!).

20. Rugby
And:
•Climbing
•Hill-Walking
•Fishing on the River Tweed
•American Football
•Athletics and Running
•Ornithology
•Mountain Biking

21. There are a number of other traditional sports, often played at Highland
Games:
• Tossing the Caber
• Competitive Highland Dancing

22. Whisky is Scotland's most
famous drink and today
there are over a hundred
distilleries in Scotland.
From Speyside to the
Highlands and Islands of
the west coast, the range
and variety of whiskies on
offer is astonishing. The
tiny island of Islay, for
example, has eight
distilleries alone, including
Bruichaddich, which still
makes its malt using the
same Victorian process it
did over a century ago.

23. View from Innerleithen, Scottish Borders

24. Ben Nevis, Highlands
The Five Sisters of Kintail,
Wester Ross, Highlands.

25. Talla Reservoir,
Borders, Scotland.
Glenfinnan Viaduct is a railway
viaduct on the West Highland Line in
Glenfinnan, Lochaber, Highland,

26. THANK YOU FOR THE ATTENTION