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Systems Approach Universal System   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PROCESS INPUT OUTPUT
Systems Diagrams ,[object Object],[object Object],OUTPUTS: KETTLE Water and Electricity Hot water, Noise and Steam Water and Electricity. Hot water, noise, steam. INPUTS:
Pupil Problems  Here are some problems for you to try, ,[object Object],Torch Chemical energy Light energy Heat energy ,[object Object],Vacuum Electrical energy  Dirt Noise, Heat, Clean carpets
Pupil Problems ,[object Object],Washing M/C Water, Dirty clothes, Electrical energy Hot water, Noise, Steam, Clean clothes ,[object Object],TV Electrical energy, Digital signal Picture, Sound, Heat
Sub-Systems Sometimes it is necessary to break the  PROCESS  down into smaller pieces. ,[object Object],[object Object],Example: A battery powered torch Switch Bulb Chemical energy Light and Heat energy System Boundary
Pupil Problems 1)  A microwave oven Timer Magnetron Electrical energy  Heat, Light, Hot food On/Off Turntable Food 1 st  Inputs 2 nd  Subsystems 3 rd  Boundary 4 th  Flow of information arrows 5 th  outputs Set time
Pupil Problems 2)  Washing machine Heater Motor Electrical energy  Clean Clothes Control Dirty clothes Pump Drum Water Hot water,etc. Set Cycle
Control Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],OPEN LOOP ,[object Object],[object Object],CLOSED LOOP and ,[object Object],Light switch Bulb Action Light
Control Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],On/Off Motor Fan Heater Thermostat Set temp Elect Heat
Control Systems Tap Handle Valve Water level Water Person Flood Manual Open Loop
Control Systems Tap Handle Valve Water level Water Eyes / Brain Hand Correct level Manual Closed Loop
Control Systems Automatic Closed Loop Start Switch Valve Water level Water Level Sensor Control Unit Correct level Press
Pupil Problems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Control Diagrams Example:  Temperature control in a gas oven We could draw a systems diagram for the gas oven, but  it is sometimes necessary to draw a more accurate control  diagram Temperature sensor Oven Burner Gas Valve - + Set value Correct temperature Actual value
Error Detector Symbol - + Set value Actual value Error How the error detector works: If SET VALUE (+) is bigger than the ACTUAL VALUE (-) the ERROR SIGNAL is ON (Raising the oven temperature) If the SET VALUE (+) is less than the ACTUAL VALUE (-) the ERROR SIGNAL is OFF (Cooling the oven temperature)
Pupil Problems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pupil Problems ,[object Object],[object Object]

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Systems

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Pupil Problems 1) A microwave oven Timer Magnetron Electrical energy Heat, Light, Hot food On/Off Turntable Food 1 st Inputs 2 nd Subsystems 3 rd Boundary 4 th Flow of information arrows 5 th outputs Set time
  • 7. Pupil Problems 2) Washing machine Heater Motor Electrical energy Clean Clothes Control Dirty clothes Pump Drum Water Hot water,etc. Set Cycle
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. Control Systems Tap Handle Valve Water level Water Person Flood Manual Open Loop
  • 11. Control Systems Tap Handle Valve Water level Water Eyes / Brain Hand Correct level Manual Closed Loop
  • 12. Control Systems Automatic Closed Loop Start Switch Valve Water level Water Level Sensor Control Unit Correct level Press
  • 13.
  • 14. Control Diagrams Example: Temperature control in a gas oven We could draw a systems diagram for the gas oven, but it is sometimes necessary to draw a more accurate control diagram Temperature sensor Oven Burner Gas Valve - + Set value Correct temperature Actual value
  • 15. Error Detector Symbol - + Set value Actual value Error How the error detector works: If SET VALUE (+) is bigger than the ACTUAL VALUE (-) the ERROR SIGNAL is ON (Raising the oven temperature) If the SET VALUE (+) is less than the ACTUAL VALUE (-) the ERROR SIGNAL is OFF (Cooling the oven temperature)
  • 16.
  • 17.