The document discusses the history and science of taxonomy and biological classification. It describes early classification systems from Aristotle and the development of binomial nomenclature by Carolus Linnaeus in the 1700s. Modern taxonomy is evidenced-based and uses characteristics like DNA, biochemistry and evolution to classify organisms into taxonomic groups from kingdom to species. The five kingdom system is outlined, separating life into the kingdoms of Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.