1. Waves

2. Wave: Transportation of forms of energy Light, heat, and sound travel as waves Most travel through a medium (not electromagnetic waves)

3. Medium Matter through which waves pass through

4. Transverse Waves: Moves at right angles to the direction of the waves energy Matter moves up and down, while energy moves side to side Demo: MATTER ENERGY

5. Longitudinal Waves a.k.a. compressional waves Medium moves in the same direction as the energy of the wave Energy and the matter move side to side Demo: MATTER ENERGY

6. CREST – high point on wave WAVELENGTH – distance on a wave from one point to the next identical point AMPLITUDE - height of wave, directly related to energy TROUGH – low point on a wave

7. WAVELENGTH – distance on a wave from one point to the next identical point (from one compression to another) COMPRESSION RAREFRACTION

8. Reflection: Bouncing back of wave Law of Reflection, the angle at which the wave hits will be the same angle at which it reflects

9. Diffraction: The bending of waves

10. Wave Interference: Two or more waves coming in contact with another Constructive interference produces larger amplitudes Destructive interference produces smaller amplitudes

11. Ocean Wave Creation: Winds cause the formation of waves The faster and longer the wind, the larger the wave Size also depends on the fetch, the span of water over which the wind blows Larger waves Smaller waves Fetch Fetch wind

12. Ocean Wave Movement: Matter moves in a circular pattern as energy passes through

13. Types of Ocean Waves: Seas – choppy water due to storm winds resulting in peaked waves with flat troughs Swells – once away from winds crests and troughs smooth out into typical waves Breaks/Surf – in shallow water, waves slow and pile up and become higher and steeper, eventually falling over

14. Storm Winds Breaks & Surf Swells Seas

15. Tidal Wave: A general term used to describe a large wave which may goes against wind and wave direction Describes: Tidal bore Tidal surge Tsunami

16. Tidal Bore: Large movement of water due the funneling of an incoming tide into a narrow river or bay

17. Tidal Surge: A temporary increase in the volume of water, usually due to a hurricane, that causes waves to go over top of defenses

18. Tsunami (Tidal Wave): A tidal surge or wave caused by an earthquake