Analysis of Critical Success Factors Relevance along SAP Implementation Phases

1. Analysis of Critical Success Factors
Relevance along SAP Implementation
Phases
Ph
José M. Esteves, Joan A. Pastor
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
Dept. of Lenguajes and Sistemas Informaticos (LSI)
Dept
AMCIS 2001 1

2. Index
Unified CSFs Model
ASAP Methodology
gy
PQM Approach
Conclusions
C l i
2

3. CSFs Unified Model
Strategic Tactical
nal
nization
Organ gical
chnolog
Tec
3

4. CSFs Unified Model
Strategic Tactical
•Sustained management support •Dedicated staff and consultants
•Effective organizational change •Strong communication inwards
g
management and outwards
onal
•Good project scope management •Formalize project plan/schedule
ganizatio
•Adequate project team composition •Adequate training program
•Meaningful business process reengineering •Preventive trouble shooting
Org
•Adequate project champion role •Usage of appropriate consultants
U f i t lt t
•User involvement and participation •Empower decision makers
•Trust between partners
4

5. CSFs Unified Model
Strategic Tactical
•Avoid customization •Adequate software configuration
gic
•Adequate ERP implementation strategy
q p gy •Legacy systems management
Legacy
echnolog
•Adequate ERP version
Te
5

6. ERPs Studied
SAP
S Peoplesoft O
l f Oracle
l Baan Other
O h
Bancroft et al. (1998)
Brown and V
B d Vessey (1999)
Clemons (1998)
De Bruin (1997)
Dolmetsch et al. (1998)
Holland et al. (1999)
( )
Gibson and Mann (1997)
Kale (2000)
Parr et al. (1999)
Stefanou (1999)
Sumner (1999)
6

7. ASAP Roadmap
7

8. ASAP Roadmap
Workpackages
p g
Activities
Tasks
8

9. Project Preparation Phase Structure
Workpages Activities
Create and issue proj. Charter
Review d fi i l St t
R i and refine impl. Strategy
Establish Proj. Team Working Environment
Initial project planning Determine Proj. Organization
Prepare proj. Plan
proj
Create Proj. Team Training Plan
Organizational change management training plan
and Team building
Define proj. Management standards and procedures
Project Procedures Define implementation standards and procedures
Define system landscape strategy
Project Kickoff Project kick-off
Technical Req irements planning
Requirements Technical R i
T h i l Requirements Planning
t Pl i
9
Quality check project preparation phase Quality check project preparation phase

10. Research Method Approach
Unified M d l f CSF
U ifi d Model of CSFs
in ERP Implementations
Process Quality Management
Method (PQM)
Matrix of CSFs
+
versus
Grounded Theory Method
ASAP Processes
ASAP Methodology
gy
Processes
10

11. PQM Approach
Define mission States the team s fundamental reason
team’s
for existence
Identify Critical Necessary and sufficient key needs
Success Factors to accomplish the mission
(
(CSFs) )
Establish Most Business activities most in need of
Critical Processes management attention and resources
(MCPs)
Review management Agree/define the projects to improve
implications
i li ti the MCPs
th MCP
11

12. Matrix ASAP Processes versus CSFs
Adequate Software Configuration
Dedicated Staff and Consultants
Sustained Managem Support
ional Change
tion Inwards
Good Proj. Scope Management
lementation
Legacy Systems M anagement
Meaningful Business Process
n/Schedule
Preventive Trouble Shooting
Adequate Training Program
Empower Decision Makers
ment
ners
sion
User Involvement and
ate
am
on
Trust Between Partn
le
M
Usage of Appropria
Avoid Customizatio
Effective Organizati
Strong Communicat
Adequate ERP Impl
d
Adequate ERP Vers
a
Adequate Proj. Tea
e
Proj. Champion Rol
Formalize Proj. Plan
Reengineering
an Outwards
Composition
Participation
Consultants
Strategy
Count
nd
M
G
A
U
D
A
U
A
A
A
A
C
R
C
C
E
T
E
L
S
P
P
S
F
P
S
Initial project planning 15
Project procedures 15
Prepare kickoff meeting 1 1
Conduct kickoff meeting 1 1 2
Company-wide project announcement 1 1
Kickoff meeting 3
prepare for standards meeting 1 1 2
conduct standards meeting 1 1 1 3
Project team standards meeting 4
Project kickoff 4
Complete technical requirements q
p q questionnaire 1 1
Define technical infrastructure needs 1 1
Identify technical requirements 1
Size initial hardware 1 1 2
Review system sizing results 1 1
Approve sizing results 1 1 2
Order initial hardware 1 1 2
Order remote network connection 1 1
Procure hardware 4
Technical requirements planning 4
Conduct quality check and obtain approval 1 1
Sign off project preparation phase 1 1 2
Perform quality check and obtain approval 2
Quality check project preparation phase 2
12
Project preparation Phase 18
total 26 17 7.5 7.5 1.9 3.8 53 9.4 7.5 13 23 9.4 3.8 1.9 0 11 1.9 5.7 13 0

13. CSFs Relevance along ASAP Phases
Phase1 Phase2 Phase3 Phase4 Phase5
Organizational Strategic Sustained Management Support 8 5 5 6 8
Effective Organizational Change 6 9 6 5 6
Good Proj. Scope Management 5 4 4 5 5
Adequate Proj. Team Composition
Proj 5 4 4 4 4
Meaningful Business Process Reengineering 4 7 4 4 5
Perspective User Involvement and Participation 5 8 10 7 5
Proj. Champion Role 10 10 9 10 10
Trust Between Partners 5 4 4 5 5
Tactical Dedicated Staff and Consultants 5 5 4 5 6
Strong Communication Inwards and Outwards 7 7 5 6 8
Formalized Proj. Plan/Schedule 9 7 7 7 5
Adequate Training Program
dequa e a g og a 5 5 5 7 4
Preventive Trouble Shooting 4 4 7 9 7
Usage of Appropriate Consultants 5 4 4 4 4
Empowered Decision Makers 3 5 5 5 4
Technological Strategic Adequate ERP Implementation Strategy
g g q p gy 5 4 4 4 4
Avoid Customization 4 4 4 4 4
Perspective Tactical Adequate ERP Version 4 4 4 4 4
Adequate Software Configuration 5 6 10 6 6
Adequate Legacy Systems Knowledge 3 4 4 4 4
13

14. Most Relevant CSF by Phase
Adequate proj. champion role 10
Formalized plan/schedule 9
Project
P j t
Preparation Sustained Mng. support 8
Strong communication 7
Adequate proj. champion role
proj 10
Effective organizational change 9
Business
User involvement and participation 8
Blueprint
Strong communication 7
Formalized plan/schedule
F li d l / h d l 7
14

15. Most Relevant CSF by Phase
User involvement and participation 10
Realization Adequate software configuration 10
Adequate proj champion role 9
Formalized plan/schedule 7
Adequate proj champion role
Ad t j h i l 10
Preventive trouble shooting 9
Final
User involvement and participation 7
Preparation
Formalized plan/schedule 7
Adequate training program 7 15

16. Most Relevant CSF by Phase
Adequate proj. champion role 10
Go Live & Strong communication
g 8
Support Sustained Mng. Support 8
Preventive trouble shooting 7
16

17. Conclusions
We studied all CSFs along ASAP phases.
Comparison with two similar studies, however, ours is the
only that relates CSFs with the phases and processes of an
ERP methodology.
Validation with case studies.
How ASAP processes support CSFs accomplishment?
Extend to other ERP studies.
17

18. Q
Questions ?
18

19. Phase 1
CSF1
CSF2 Phase 2
CSF3
Phase 3
Phase 4
CSFn
Phase 5
19

20. Management
Support
Implementation
Methodology
Project
Champion Participation ERP
Success
Communication
Project
Team
20

21. Criticality
High W1.1 W2.2 W5.1
8
W1.2, W1 4
W1 2 W1.4 W2.1, W2 5
W2 1 W2.5 W5.2
W5 2
W1.3 W2.6 W4.1
Normal W2.3
W2 3 W3.2, W3 3 W3 15 W4.2
W3 2 W3.3, W3.15 W4 2
W3.1, W3.4, W3.6, W3.11, W3.12, W3.16
W4.4
4
W1.5 W3.8, W3.9, W3.13, W3.14, W3.17
W2.7 W4.5, W4.6
W2.4 W3.5 W4.3
Low W3.7
0 Project Business Realization Final Go Live &
Preparation Blueprint Preparation Support
21