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Pre Class ,[object Object]
Through African Eyes  (slideshow) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pre-Class (in your NOTEBOOK) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Our Competing Visions of Africa
[object Object],[object Object]
The Road to African Independence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Over 200,000 Africans had fought in Europe and Asia for the Allies’ freedom and democracy – most noticed the  contradiction
The Vision of  Kwame  Nkrumah ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Marcus Garvey  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],"Up, you mighty race, you can accomplish what you will!"  (1887 – 1940)
[object Object],[object Object]
 
Internal ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],External ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Challenges to Independence Movements
Transition to  Independence
Settler Colonies – colonies where large numbers of Europeans settled ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A Mau Mau oathing ceremony.  Essentially, the Mau Mau oath was a declaration that they wanted to rid themselves of the English in Kenya.  They wanted their land back.  The British portrayed this oathing as one of the most terrible things around and put over 80,000 into detention camps and killed over 13,000.  White settlers help drive the policy.
Jomo Kenyatta ,[object Object],[object Object],                                    
[object Object],Rounding up Mau Mau “rebels” - and a “protected” settlement.
[object Object],http://www.llgc.org.uk/illingworth/illingworth_s005.htm
Cartoon shows a French flag being lowered at a military post, as fires burn in the countryside around.  On 3 July 1962, Algeria became independent, after a bitter and bloody struggle between nationalists and French settlers .  http://cat.llgc.org.uk/cgi-bin/gw/chameleon?skin=eresources&lng=en&search=KEYWORD&function=INITREQ&elementcount=3&t1=003381773&u1=1033&op1=0&t2=algeria&u2=21
Non-Settler Colonies ,[object Object],[object Object],Kwame Nkrumah (1909- 1972) Organized strikes and boycotts against British
Results of Decolonization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
21 and the World is Yours:  Kenya
Ethnic Conflict in Africa:  Jigsaw Activity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ethnic Conflict in Africa:  Jigsaw Activity
Pre Class ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Nigeria
Tribal rivalries  (Hausas, Fulani, Yoruba and Ibo) AND  religious conflicts  between Christians and Muslims ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Kenya
Kikuyu v. Kalenjin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rwanda
Hutus (farmers) v. Tutsis (herdsmen) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Look at your ethnic conflict worksheet from yesterday, and answer the question at the bottom: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],What do the situations in the three countries  that we studied have in common?
Genocide “ Genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: (a) Killing members of the group; (b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; (c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part;  (d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;  (e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.” Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide  ( relevant links )  Adopted by Resolution 260 (III) A of the U.N. General Assembly on 9 December 1948.  Entry into force: 12 January 1951.
[object Object],[object Object]
 
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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
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African Independence Movements

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.  
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.  
  • 13.
  • 14. Transition to Independence
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. Cartoon shows a French flag being lowered at a military post, as fires burn in the countryside around. On 3 July 1962, Algeria became independent, after a bitter and bloody struggle between nationalists and French settlers . http://cat.llgc.org.uk/cgi-bin/gw/chameleon?skin=eresources&lng=en&search=KEYWORD&function=INITREQ&elementcount=3&t1=003381773&u1=1033&op1=0&t2=algeria&u2=21
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24. 21 and the World is Yours: Kenya
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 29.
  • 30. Kenya
  • 31.
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35. Genocide “ Genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: (a) Killing members of the group; (b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; (c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; (d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; (e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.” Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide ( relevant links ) Adopted by Resolution 260 (III) A of the U.N. General Assembly on 9 December 1948. Entry into force: 12 January 1951.
  • 36.
  • 37.  
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42.
  • 43.
  • 44.

Notas do Editor

  1. Rounding up Mau Mau “rebels” - and a “protected” settlement.
  2. The same pattern being a dependence on a cash crop or western control of the extraction of a resource (gold, diamonds, etc.)
  3. Mobutu in Congo and his palaces