Industrial biotechnology uses microorganisms and biological processes to produce industrial goods in a more environmentally friendly and efficient way compared to traditional industrial production. It involves isolating microbes, screening them for useful product formation abilities, improving product yields through fermentation, and recovering valuable end products. Common applications include producing metabolites, treating waste, producing biofuels, and fermenting food. Industrial biotechnology provides benefits like low substrate inputs, high output rates, environmental friendliness through renewability and reduced pollution.