This document provides an overview of topics related to biology including asexual and sexual reproduction, growth and development, chromosomes, cell cycle phases, yeast life cycles, uncontrolled cell growth, apoptosis, telomeres, cancer metastasis, the immune system, stem cells, meiosis, and aneuploidy. It includes diagrams of chromosomes and cell cycle phases, lists of related topics, definitions of key terms, and questions for students. Videos and external links are also embedded throughout relating to the various topics.

1. Honors Biology
Growth and Development and
Cellular Inheritance
Introduction

4. Asexual Reproduction

5. Sexual Reproduction

7. Growth and Development

9. 2n = 20

16. A chicken has 78 Chromosomes in
its Somatic Cells:
• How many chromosomes did the chicken
inherit from each parent?
• How many chromosomes are in each of
the chicken’s gametes?
• How many chromosomes will be in each
somatic cell of the chicken’s offspring?
• How many chromosomes are in a “set”
• Which came first…chicken or egg?

19. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m73i1Zk8EA0&feature=related

23. How many
chromosomes are
shown in this
diagram? How
many chromatids
are shown?

24. on
ati
g
lon
e
of
e
on
Z
a
pic
A
Compare the number of cells in
interphase, prophase, metaphase,
anaphase or telophase in these two
areas. Explain differences.
m
ste
er i
lm

26. Yeast Life Cycle

27. Budding Pattern

29. Yeast Mating Types

33. Uncontrolled Growth

35. Angiogenesis

36. Apoptosis

37. “Immortal Cells”

38. Telomerase

39. Metastasis

41. Immune System

42. What would
happen if you
performed this
experiment with
cancer cells?

44. Henrietta Lacks

45. HeLa cells

49. Stem Cell
Stem Cell video

54. Stem Cell Sources

55. Embryonic Stem Cells (ES)

57. In Vitro Fertilization
Louise Brown – Birthday 1978

58. Nuclear Transfer

66. Adult Stem Cells

70. iPS

71. IPS
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGNchPdlaGU&NR=1&feature=fvwp
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cPvidAvzmx0&feature=related

73. STAP cells
Haruko Obokata.

75. Controversial therapy.Mitochondrial DNA replacement could help carriers of severe disease
have healthy children.
G Vogel Science 2014;343:827-828
Published by AAAS

77. Meiosis
Honors Biology

101. Aneuploidy Article
Honors Biology

104. General Background Questions:
• What is the genome, transcriptome and
•
the proteome?
What is aneuploidy?

105. Experiment Questions:
• What was the “conundrum” they identified
•
in the Introduction?
What are the two experimental
questions?

106. Meiosis Question:
• Diagram why meiosis with odd ploidy (3N
or 5N) would produce aneuploids.

107. Key Findings
•
What are key
findings from:
ab, ef, and gh?

108. A16
Why is strain
A16 a good
strain to
focus on for
experimental
question?

109. ATR1
• What are: C•
some XIII, ATR1,
4-NQO, and
Strain A16?
What is their
relationship?

110. Proteome &
Transcriptome:
Gene dosage effect or
dosage compensation
Aneuploidy has global and complex
effects on both the transcriptome
and proteome levels, and that an
increase in stress gene
expression is not an obligate
.
property of aneuploidy strains