This presentation was made to the Managers and Heads at INTAN (National Institute of Public Administration), Sarawak Region in Kuching (December 17, 2009)

1. INTRINSIC LEADERSHIP FOR
GOOD GOVERNANCE
BALAKRISHNAN MUNIAPAN
SCHOOL OF BUSINESS & DESIGN
SWINBURNE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
(Sarawak Campus)
Email: mbalakrsna@yahoo.com

2. OUTCOMES
To provide an understanding of what “INTRINSIC
LEADERSHIP” (IL) means and how it is different
from other types of leadership;
To create an awareness of your leadership roles &
how as a LEADER you can promote GOOD
GOVERNANCE (GG); and
To highlight the “IL” values from various spiritual
schools for promoting GG.

3. INTRODUCTION
Leadership is your ABILITY to inspire and
transform your people to achieve goals in a
given situation.
Leadership theories have evolved over many
centuries.
“IL” concerns with leadership of your “SELF”
and includes your SELF AWARENESS and SELF
REALIZATION before you LEAD others (a
dimension of EI).

4. WHY IL & GG?
Most leadership development programs
focuses on leadership as a “PROCESS” but less
on “LEADER” development.
In leadership, the leader is the most important
as the captain who creates a VISION and sets
the DIRECTION for the ship.
Napoleon Bonaparte once said that he would
prefer to have an army of rabbits led by a lion
rather than a army of lion led a rabbit.

5. WHY IL & GG?
We have many “managers” but few “leaders” –
LEADERSHIP GAP exits today – www.ccl.org
(Centre for Creative Leadership)
“IL” for GG is a great concern at national &
international level due to several recent
corporate scandals.
“IL” for GG is also getting more important due to
many leadership failures – attributed to
LEADER’S FAILURE resulting bad GOVERNANCE.

6. GOVERNANCE
The concept of "governance" is not new, it is as
old as human civilization.
“Governance" is the process of decision-
making and the process by which decisions are
implemented (or not implemented).
Governance can be used in several contexts
such as corporate governance, international
governance, national governance, local
governance and “SELF GOVERNANCE" which is
related to “IL”.

7. DEVELOPING “IL” VALUES
“IL” is essential for GG. “IL” calls for leaders to
be aware & realize the inherent spiritual nature
within them.
“IL” should be based on positive human values
such as truthfulness, honesty, ethical conduct,
humility, inner peace, love and non-violence,
character development and integrity of LEADERS
(SI & SQ elements in LEADERSHIP WISDOM).

8. Spirit Body
Spiritual Physical
Intelligence Intelligence
SQ PQ
Self
Emotional Intellectual
Intelligence Intelligence
EQ IQ
Heart Head
Leadership Wisdom

9. “IL” VALUES - BUDDHISM
“Him (LEADER) I call a learned, who has
truth and love for all life; who never
asks what life can give, but only what
he can give to life; who is never angry…
and is free from the chain of fear and
who has the power of love that no army
can defeat”.

10. “IL” VALUES – CHRISTIANITY
“The truth shall make you free; blessed
are those who hunger and thirst for
righteousness; and you must love your
neighbor just as much as you love
yourself”.
The ability to love ourselves is the
foundation of loving others.

11. “IL” VALUES - ISLAM
“Speak the truth; perform what you promise;
keep your heart free from malice towards
anyone; and no one eats better food than that
which he eats out of his work”.
Insanul Kamil: the model for LEADER’s to
consciously strives to be fair, honest,
temperate, patient, courageous and just in
their dealings with traits of trustworthiness
(Case example: Caliph Umar Abdul Aziz &
Candle).

12. “IL” VALUES - VEDANTA
“Be sincere and truthful; follow the right
conduct; give freely and control your senses;
be loving, and show goodwill to all living
entities; and may you (LEADER) create
happiness & peace throughout the world”.
Sthitaprajna: LEADERS must conquer their
enemies within - lust, anger, greed, arrogance,
envy and pride.

13. “IL” VALUES – CONFUCIANISM
“The superior man (LEADER) cares about virtue;
the inferior man cares about material things”.
“To govern is to set things correct. If you
(LEADER) set an example by being correct, who
would dare to remain incorrect?”
If a ruler himself is upright, all will go well
without orders. But if he himself is not upright,
even though he gives orders they will not be
obeyed”.

14. “IL” DEVELOPMENT & POWER
Application on the “IL” values
(spiritual) will develop the leader's
INTEGRITY & the ABILITY to use
their referent & expert power – not
just reward, coercive & legitimate
power.

15. “IL” & INTEGRITY
INTEGRITY is your honesty and consistency
of character – your ability to walk your
talk and talk your walk.
It is LEADERSHIP IN ACTION &
LEADERSHIP BY EXAMPLE - “A man of
words and not of deeds is like a garden full
of weeds”.

16. “IL” & INTEGRITY
“Remember your LEADERS, those who spoke
to you …... Consider the outcome of their
(LEADERS) way of life, and imitate their faith”
(Hebrew, 13:7).
“Whatever action a LEADER performs,
common men follow. And whatever standards
the LEADERS sets by their exemplary acts, all
the world pursues” (B.Gita, 3:21).

17. LEADERSHIP INTEGRITY
Confucius proposed a ‘golden rule’ of caring:
“Do not do to others what you would not
have them to do to you”.
Jesus spoke similarly: “Do to others what you
would have them do to you”.
Therefore, leadership decision should be
focused on doing good for people in general.

18. LEADERSHIP INTEGRITY
As a LEADER, if you have integrity you will
gain a good image, a good reputation and
people will TRUST and have CONFIDENCE in
you.
For a management system to work well,
Integrity and good governance must be it’s
foundation. (ie. Led by LEADERS of
INTEGRITY).

19. INTEGRITY – Where are we?
56th position (2009) in the world, with a
Corruption Perception Index (CPI) of 4.5 points
(out of 10)
Last year (2008), we were placed 47 with a CPI
score of 5.1.
Source:
http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_ind
ices/cpi/2009/cpi_2009_table

20. SOURCE OF ALL EVILS ?
“ The source of all evils in any society is the
leadership……. If the leadership is corrupt, the
corruption will spread all over the place. If the
leadership is not corrupt, then it can tackle
corruption” (Late Prof Datuk Dr Syed Hussein
Alatas – Sociologist) .
The lust or desire of the leaders, compels them to
commit such unethical practices is the root cause
of bad governance. “As the fire is covered by
smoke, as the mirror is covered by dust, or as the
embryo is covered by the womb, the leaders are
covered by different degrees of lust or desires” (B.
Gita, 3.38).

21. BUDDHA’S ADVICE
If an important LEADER neglects his
duties, works for his own profit or accepts
bribes, it will cause a rapid decay of public
morals. People will cheat one another …
take advantage of the poor, and there will
be no justice for anyone.

22. LEADERSHIP ROLES
Anyone who takes up a leadership position
must from the very beginning curb this great
lust by regulating their senses (B.Gita: 3.41).
Leaders must elevate themselves by their own
mind. For one who has conquered the mind
the mind is the best of friends, but for one
who has failed to control their mind, the mind
will be the greatest enemy (B.Gita, 6.6).

23. LEADERSHIP OF MIND – THE
CHARIOT MODEL
In the chariot of the body, the
five horses represent the five
senses (tongue, eyes, ears,
nose and skin). The reins, the
driving instrument, symbolize
the mind, the driver is the
intelligence, and the passenger
is the self.
Leaders should be aware of
their consciousness and use
their intelligence to control the
mind, they should not let the
mind to be controlled by the
senses.

24. YOUR ROLE……..
YOU are all LEADERS………
Therefore, must show the best
example.

25. THIS MEANS……
YOU (all of us) must be TRUE to
Your SELF
Your FAMILY
Your ORGANIZATION
Your COUNTRY

26. THIS MEANS…… (CHANGE)
“God will not change the fate of a people until
they change what is in themselves.” (Quran,
13.11).
YOU, as leaders are the principal AGENTS of
CHANGE.
SINCE OUR BEHAVIOUR IS THE SHADOW OF
OUR ESSENCE; ALL ATTEMPTS TO CHANGE THE
DIRECTION OF THE SHADOW ARE CONSIDERED
ILLUSIONARY.

27. THE KEY QUESTION
Finally, How do I
CHANGE?
“Everybody wants to change the
world, but no one thinks of changing
himself” - Leo Tolstoy

29. QUESTIONS?

30. THANK YOU……
BALAKRISHNAN MUNIAPAN
Email: mbalakrsna@yahoo.com , bala.hrm@gmail.com
http://www.freewebs.com/balakrishnanmuniapan/