The Impact of the cloud on IT
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The software industry is in the midst of a fundamental transition to cloud computing: Reasons for turning to the cloud Innovation Provide an opportunity to do new things in new ways. With near limit-less processing power and storage Are agile and easily scale to meet customer needs. Can effectively increase their IT capability during peak periods and quickly provision new services and applications. Costs Help reduce operating costs. Customers pay only for what they use, and costs are directly proportional to their requirements. Highly automated and reduced management overhead. Customers need far fewer staff to manage systems. Make it easier for customers to rapidly take advantage of new innovation. Because the software is managed remotely, new versions of software become available to users as soon as requested. Cloud computing enables companies and applications, which are system infrastructure dependent, to be infrastructure-less. This webinar was first hosted with the Warwick Technology Professional Network of the Warwick Business School wbs.ac.uk Part of the University of Warwick, we have an international reputation for top quality education and research in management and business.
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The Impact of the cloud on IT
- 1. IMPACT OF THE CLOUD ON IT 1 CONFIDENTIAL
- 2. MEGA TRENDS IN IT There are a series of mega trends that are significantly impacting how people work (and play): • • • • • Mobile Big Data Social Cloud Consumerization of IT (CoIT) Impacts how businesses engage with their customers, partners, and employees in order to better compete. … • Unquenchable thirst for collaboration and sharing • Work anywhere at any time – highly mobile workforce (&Global) • You can work wherever you are – at home, traveling, etc
- 3. ―THE CLOUD‖ A style of computing where massively scalable (and elastic) IT-related capabilities are provided ―as a service‖ to external customers using Internet technologies. What’s new? Acquisition Model: Based on purchasing of services Business Model: Based on pay for use Access Model: Over the Internet to ANY device Technical Model: Scalable, elastic, dynamic, multitenant, & sharable 3
- 4. CLOUD DATA, APPLICATIONS SERVICES AND INFRASTRUCTURE: Ubiquitous: available from anywhere/anytime Commodified: pay as you go Internet: integrated and networked hardware, software and infrastructure (called a platform). Flexibility and Elasticity: on-demand & scale up and down at will (CPU, storage, server capacity, load balancing, and databases) Transparent: users do not need to know what is behind the scenes!
- 5. CLOUD COMPUTING … is a culmination of numerous attempts at large scale computing with seamless access to virtually limitless resources: • Grid Computing • Refer to resource-pooled environments for running compute jobs (like image processing) rather than long running processes (such as a Web site or e-mail server) • Utility Computing • Refer to resource-pooled environments for hosting long running processes, and tends to be focused on meeting service levels with the optimal amount of resources necessary to do so • Cloud Computing • Refer to a variety of services available over the Internet that deliver compute functionality on the service provider's infrastructure • Its environment (infrastructure) may actually be hosted on either a grid or utility computing environment, but that doesn't matter to a service user • The data in the cloud, as ―Intel inside‖ (or intelligence inside), is often an important part of the services
- 6. Comput e Comput e WORKLOAD PATTERNS OPTIMAL FOR CLOUD Inactivity Period Average Usage Usage Average Time Comput e Comput e Time Average Usage Average Usage Time Time
- 7. CONCERNS • Risk of loss: in theory, data in the cloud is safe, replicated across multiple machines, but there is no physical or local backup. • Unauthorised users gaining access? How secure • Dependence on others - limit flexibility and innovation? is the cloud? • Can data is stored abroad: which countries FOI policy to enforce? Constant Internet connection: Limited Features • When offline, cloud computing does not work, no access to even own documents. • Slow Connection - cloud applications can be slower than local software on PC. • Cloud applications require bandwidth to download, as do large documents. • Not for the broadband-impaired! • Many cloud-based applications simply are not as full-featured as their desktop-based applications.. • The basics are similar, if you are a power user, you might not want to leap into cloud computing just yet.
- 8. CLOUD DEPLOYMENT MODELS Where the software runs; includes the following options: A private cloud is a set of standardized computing resources that is dedicated to an organization, usually onpremises in the organization’s datacenter. A hosted private cloud has a dedicated infrastructure hosted by a third party, inaccessible to other organizations. A public cloud consists of computing resources hosted externally but shared with other organizations and dynamically provisioned and billed on a utility basis — the customer will pay for what is used as they use it
- 9. CLOUD ARCHITECTURE No apps on the customer's own computer Software as a Service (SaaS) Software experiences are delivered through the Internet Bandwidth Internet-based platform: developers create services Platform as a Service (PaaS) VM0 VM1 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Virtualization Multi-core architectures VMn Client deployment of applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers Cloud providers build datacenters holding the power, scale, hardware, networking, storage services Clients rent storage, computation, and maintenance from cloud providers Platform virtualization
- 10. Consumer Cloud Services (Web 2.0) CONSUMER CLOUD SERVICES
- 12. CONSUMER TRENDS DRIVING IT Natural interaction Ecosystem of computers Data explosion Pervasive displays Ubiquitous connectivity Social computing Cloud computing
- 13. INVEST IN RAISING THE BAR
- 15. BENEFITS OF THE CLOUD
Notas do Editor
- Mega technology trends are changing how people work today: the cloud, mobile, social, and big data, are all impacting how businesses engage with their customers, partners, and employees in order to better compete. The Big Five Mega TrendsMobile – Pervasive Connectivity Empowers The World§ 5.5 B cell phones worldwide (78%) - 1.4 B sold in 2010 vs.15 B shoes 85% of world’s population has wireless coverage vs.80% electrical gridBig Data – Data Growth Follows Moore’s Law§ 2020 all data will be 35 Zetabyte 1) (1021 Byte) Stack of DVDs halfway to MarsDoubles Every 18 Month§ 1.2 million Petabyte in data have been created 2010 up from 160 Exabyte in 2007 ; 40% growth in global data generated per year vs. 5% growth in global IT spending 30 billion pieces of content shared on Facebook every month Social Media – Capturing the Social Fabric 98% of US online adults between 18 and 24 use social media 72% of internet users are active on at least 1 networking site If Facebook were a country it would be the 3rd largest in worldCloud Computing – The Oil of the Information AgeConsumerization – IT for the People
- The software industry is in the midst of a fundamental transition to cloud computing:Reasons for turning to the cloudInnovation Provide an opportunity to do new things in new ways. With near limit-less processing power and storageAre agile and easily scale to meet customer needs. Can effectively increase their IT capability during peak periods and quickly provision new services and applications.CostsHelp reduce operating costs. Customers pay only for what they use, and costs are directly proportional to their requirements. Highly automated and reduced management overhead. Customers need far fewer staff to manage systems. Make it easier for customers to rapidly take advantage of new innovation. Because the software is managed remotely, new versions of software become available to users as soon as requested.Help customers become more mobile and enhance collaboration. Employees have access to important company information from any device, anywhere.Reduce their environmental footprint. Significantly better server utilization in large data centers leads to reduced energy consumption and .
- Cloud computing enables companies and applications, which are system infrastructure dependent, to be infrastructure-less.Put their data on the platform instead of on their own desktop PCs and/or on their own servers.They can put their applications on the cloud and use the servers within the cloud to do processing and data manipulations etc.
- When using a public cloud the model is similar to renting a property than owning one.An organization could also maintain a private cloud and/or use bothDetermines the placement and usage model of the physical infrastructure that is being removed from the customer’s datacenter world. The cloud computing deployment model describes where the software runs and includes the following options:A private cloud is a set of standardizedcomputing resources that is dedicated to an organization, usually on-premises in the organization’s datacenter. It works with the current capital investment and delivers the new functions as a service.A hosted private cloud has a dedicated infrastructure hosted by a third party, inaccessible to other organizations. A public cloud consists of computing resources hosted externally but shared with other organizations and dynamically provisioned and billed on a utility basis — the customer will pay for what is used as they use itRationale for Private Cloud:Security and privacy of business data was a big concernPotential for vendor lock-inSLA’s required for real-time performance and reliabilityCost savings of the shared model achieved because of the multiple projects involving semantic technologies that the company is actively developing
- IAAS delivery modelAccess to infrastructure stack:Full OS accessFirewallsRoutersLoad balancingExamplesFlexiscaleAWS: EC2Several large Web companies (such as Amazon and Google) are now exploiting the fact that they have data storage capacity that can be hired out to others. This approach, known as cloud storage allows data stored remotely to be temporarily cached on desktop computers, mobile phones or other Internet-linked devices. Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) andPAAS Popular servicesStorageDatabaseScalabilityExamplesGoogle App EngineMossoAWS: S3 Simple Storage Solution (S3) are well known examples.SAAS ExamplesCRMFinancial PlanningHuman ResourcesWord processingCommercial Services:Salesforce.comemailcloud
- No longer about “work-life balance,” but work-life integration using many devices to collaborate and participateVery simple, consumer-style user experienceSimple collaboration - inside & outside orgAbility to access and use external data Balance between user experience, productivity and securityRise in social networkingWhat are the macro trends, and how they apply to the employee and user base of an enterprise.Generations: There are now 3 different generations working at Microsoft – you can see the split here. Roughly 40% are baby boomers, roughly 40% GenX and 20% Millennials. Hiring Millennials today is very competitive, and we’ve had instances where applicants want to know about devices they can use at work.Global: We have about 46,000 Microsoft employees are outside the U.S., and operate across 107 countries. We have 4 operations centers: Dublin, Ireland; Puerto Rico; Reno, Nevada; Singapore. Employee productivity and empowering the employees.Lifestyle: Today, going to work is more of a state of mind, than actually going to a physical location. It’s a convergence of work and life, and from an IT point of view, a proliferation of IDs. So when we think about consumerization of IT, it’s more than just mobile phones and devices an IT department might cover under a “Bring your own computer” program.
- A series of technology trends are driving the consumerization of IT: virtually any type of device/product can be connected to the Internet.An explosion in data driven by the significant increase in the number of devices usedMore natural ways to interact with technology, including multitouch, voice, vision, and gestures.Light, portable, flexible, and cheap displays wherever they might be useful. Social computing, which is altering the way we create and maintain connections with others.The cloud as a hub for orchestrating the flow of information and technology across our lives and nearly infinite storage and processing power.Increasingly ubiquitous Internet connectivity.Script:A series of technology trends is leading to rapid progress and change in the technology we use at home, which in turn is influencing how we expect to use technology for work and driving the consumerization of IT. As these technology trends converge with social and business trends, the role that technology plays throughout our lives will continue to evolve.The computing ecosystem. Our view of what defines a computer is changing as previously “unintelligent” objects are gaining intelligence, becoming connected, and joining the ecosystem of computing. We are entering the era of an “Internet of things” in which almost any object can be connected to the Internet and collect data that contributes to a global web of knowledge. Virtually every type of product is becoming part of the computing ecosystem—from cars, phones, and houses to scales, cameras, power meters, and televisions. Many of the computers you’ll interact with in the future will be in devices that we don’t think of as computers today. In effect, computing is becoming increasingly invisible.The explosion of data. The immense number of digital devices in our world is driving an explosion in data. Deep analysis of this vast amount of data is enabling computers to begin to understand the physical world and to behave in a more human way, anticipating our needs and understanding our intentions. Natural interaction. More natural ways to interact with technology are rapidly emerging—multitouch, voice, vision, gestures, and many more. This means that for the first time, computing will adapt to us and demonstrate some degree of “intelligence.” This trend will see computers shift from being tools to being helpers, performing tasks on our behalf based on an awareness of the environments we are in and the context of our actions. Ultimately, this will enable computing interfaces that are far more natural and increasingly simple to use, helping eliminate the learning curve of today’s technology. Pervasive displays. New display technologies will give rise to displays that are light, portable, flexible and cheap. We’ll carry a screen around with us as easily as we carry a magazine today, and we’ll take for granted the fact that screens are embedded wherever they might be useful—whether we’re at home, at work, on the move, or in public spaces. And ubiquitous connectivity will automatically link our information to those screens when we want to use them. Social computing. Social computing has already changed how we create and maintain our connections with others. But the world of social computing remains highly fragmented. The lack of integration creates frustrating disconnects that are inevitable when we are forced to switch between services and applications to stay up to date. Social computing will undergo a dramatic transformation as technology advances make it possible to weave our social lives more deeply and more seamlessly into every aspect of our digital lives, so that information from our social networks can provide insights to guide us in the real world and online. Social networking itself will also change, becoming far more visual and less text-centric.Cloud computing. With its massive data centers, cloud computing delivers virtually infinite resources, providing the storage capacity and processing power to tackle some of the world’s toughest problems in healthcare, the environment, energy, scientific discovery, and many other fields. A hub for all data and information, it will enable us to capture, store, index, parse, and recall as much of our day-to-day lives as we choose to share. It will also provide a platform for orchestrating the flow of information and technology across our lives so that we always have instant access to the tools and information that we need. Fundamental breakthroughs in massively parallel computing will enable us to see patterns in data that can make actionable intelligence more prevalent.Ubiquitous connectivity. Increasingly we will be connected at all times to people, information, services and applications without requiring any specific action on our part. This will liberate the information that we have created ourselves and unlock any information from any source that might be relevant to where we are and what we are trying to accomplish, bringing everything we need together seamlessly in the form that is most useful.
- Slide 12 – Achieving balanceI started off by saying that Microsoft IT is investing in IT controls and employee empowerment. A balance. Here’s another way of viewing it.DirectAccess is a feature of Windows Server and Windows 7. It allows remote users to connect to corporate internal resources by using Domain credentials without connecting to VPN. DirectAccess has saved the company an estimated $300,000 per facility per year, and we expect it’ll handle over 90% of Microsoft domain-joined remote clients over the next three yearsWindows Phone 7 allows employees to connect to Facebook, Microsoft Live and corporate email. It also connects to the corporate network and internal SharePoint sites with proper credentials. Consumers today have more choice, more options, and more flexibility in the technology that they use every day—from powerful mobile devices and computers to the social networks that they use to connect with each other. As that technology spills over into their professional lives, the line between the personal and the professional is blurring. People want to use the same technology at work as they use at home.And although consumer technology offers some great potential benefits for the business, it also represents added risk in terms of security, privacy, and compliance. balance
- Consumer cloud: there are consumer cloud services out there that are useful for employees to access. So remote PC access is beneficial for employees, and something we can manage via policy. Examples include: SkyDrive, Office Live, Live SyncMessaging: we’ve nearly completed our global deployment of Microsoft Lync. That and Outlook are the dominant messaging modes today within Microsoft. End points: Allow employees to use personal devices for work purposes. We don’t reimburse employees for purchase of their own device. In general, if a personal PC device meets Microsoft IT security requirements, it will be able to connect to our corporate network and access internal resources. Social: social networking is growing in importance for intra-company and inter-company communications. Corporate microblogging, Linkedin, Facebook, TwitterIdentity and credentials span all these areas, and how we keep them secure and yet share identity across apps.
- Economies of scale afforded by technologyAutomated update policyPay per useInstant ScalabilitySecurityReliabilityAPIsBy using the Cloud infrastructure on “pay as used and on demand”, all of us can save in capital and operational investment!Reduce capital and operations costsNo longer required to make large up-front capital investment on datacentersEliminate the need to plan ahead for provisioningAllow companies to start small and increase their resources investment as needed (pay-as-you-go)Simplify app deployment & managementCommon programming model across mobile, browser, client, server, cloudAccess to strong ecosystem of widely deployed applicationsIntegration with existing IT assets (Software + Services) Easier group collaboration:Sharing documents leads directly to better collaboration.Many users do this as it is an important advantages of cloud computing - multiple users can collaborate easily on documents and projects. Because the documents are hosted in the cloud, not on individual computers, all you need is an Internet connection, and you are collaborating.Device independence. You are no longer tethered to a single computer or network. Changes to computers, applications and documents follow you through the cloud. Move to a portable device, and your applications and documents are still available.Unlimited storage capacity:Cloud computing offers virtually limitless storage. Your computer's current 200 Gbyte hard drive is small compared to the hundreds of Pbytes available in the cloud. Whatever you need to store, you can.Increased data reliability:Unlike desktop computing, in which if a hard disk crashes and destroy all your valuable data, a computer crashing in the cloud should not affect the storage of your data. That also means that if your personal computer crashes, all your data is still out there in the cloud, still accessible. In a world where few individual desktop PC users back up their data on a regular basis, cloud computing is a data-safe computing platform!Easier group collaboration:Sharing documents leads directly to better collaboration.Many users do this as it is an important advantages of cloud computing - multiple users can collaborate easily on documents and projects. Because the documents are hosted in the cloud, not on individual computers, all you need is an Internet connection, and you are collaborating.Device independence. You are no longer tethered to a single computer or network. Changes to computers, applications and documents follow you through the cloud. Move to a portable device, and your applications and documents are still available.