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Markku
Markkula
• Member of the EU
Committee of the
Regions, Rapporteur on
“Horizon 2020” and
“Closing the Innovation
Divide”
• Advisor to the Aalto
Presidents at Aalto
University
markku.markkula@aalto.fi
EU Presidency Conference Open Innovation 2.0:
”Closing the Innovation Divide”
At the request of the Irish Presidency, the EU Committee of the
Regions (CoR) is submitting proposals on
1. Measures required of the regions and all their various players, and
2. Measures required under EU Commission programmes, funding and
other activities.
In my presentation I will highlight a few key messages of the CoR
Opinion (which is to be approved by the CoR Plenary on 30th May.
1. Implementing EU2020  a few crucial policy guidelines
2. Entrepreneurial Discovery  a key driver of transformation
3. Regional innovation ecosystems  attractive innovation environments
4. A circular economy  highlighting the importance of knowledge reuse
5. Creating challenge platforms  bench-learning & bench-doing
My key messages:
1. A Few Crucial Policy Guidelines in Implementing EU2020
In Europe, we need to:
1. stress the importance of Europe-wide collaboration and transnational cooperation
projects between regions, building on innovation support and smart specialisation
strategies;
2. encourage bottom-up activities: co-creation, co-design and co-production, working
in true "know-how" collaboration instead of just urging governments to develop
new "solutions" for citizens.
3. strive for societal innovation, with living labs, testbeds and open innovation
methods in regional innovation policy-making, while getting citizens on board;
4. implement the Knowledge Triangle as a key principle in European university reform
(greater synergies between research, education and innovation);
5. focus more on the active use of innovative public procurement, combined with
simplification of procedures;
End user’s needs and
potential:
Individuals &
Organizations
We need societal
innovation
for sustainable impacts
Research and Innovation
Knowledge Base
Open Innovation & Smart Specialisation  Fill the Gap
between Research and Real Life Practice
Real Life Practice
“Smart Region as
the innovation
laboratory”
markku.markkula@aalto.fi
SMART SPECIALISATION
Scientific Excellence & Industrial Leadership
Horizon 2020 Frame for Research and Innovation:
How to Speed up and Scale up EU 2020 Implementation
Regional Innovation
Ecosystems
Pioneering
EU2020
Markku Markkula, markku.markkula@aalto.fi
Chair CoR-EPP Task Force on Europe 2020, Aalto University, Finland
More
Societal
Innovations
Urban
Design
Solutions
Digitalized Real Life Test-
beds
Open Innovation &
Digital Entrepreneurship
Business Model Levers Technology Levers
Value
Proposition
Value Chain Target
Customer
Product and
Service
Process
Technology
Enabling
Technology
Cultural
Levers
Regional
Innovation
Ecosystem
Space
(Ba & Flow)
Design
Mindset
Learning
Transformation: the levers for the 3 types on innovation
Incremental innovations
Semi-radical innovations
Radical innovations
Markkula M & Pirttivaara M, (2013). Adding the Cultural Levers. Developed from Davila
T, Epstein MJ and Shelton RD, (2013), Making Innovation Work, FT Press, New Jersey.
Now: also the cultural levers are the drivers of change.
In the past: the focus on innovations has been on business and technology.
Conceptualizing the Implementation of Knowledge Triangle:
Create Synergy between Research, Education and Innovation
Innovation
EducationResearch
Platform for Blended Learning
Orchestration
Focus on:
A. Value creation based on better use of intangible assets
B. New processes and methods for university-industry collaboration
C. Systemic change and societal innovations
Benefits are evident:
For students
For teaching staff
For researchers
For working life professionals
Special need to:
A. Platforms
B. Processes
C. Orchestration
markku.markkula@aalto.fi
My key messages:
2. Entrepreneurial Discovery  a Key Driver of Transformation
1. As many phenomena of the digital society have already demonstrated, significant
transformation takes place from the bottom up, and a pervasive mindset of
"entrepreneurial discovery" is critical. The term "entrepreneur" is inadequate here
because it is often interpreted rather narrowly.
2. Discovery also means more than innovation. It is rather a new activity – exploring,
experimenting and learning what should be done in the relevant industry or subsystem
in terms of research, development and innovation to improve its situation.
3. Entrepreneurial discovery means experimentation, risk-taking, and also failing. It
means individuals often working together with others in networks, assessing
alternatives, setting goals and creating innovations in an open-minded way.
4. The CoR encourages all parties concerned to actively engage in science-society
dialogues that explore and underscore how to translate the results of research into
real-life practice. Schools and all educational bodies play a crucial role here.
Identify
Societal / Market Needs
& define system
requirements & barriers
Develop useful insights from
Fundamental Knowledge
Integrate fundamental
research & innovation
knowledge into
Enabling Technologies
Applying Experiences from Industrial Systems:
Systemic Approach to Tackle Societal Innovations by
Interacting Learning & Research & Innovation Activities
(E O’Sullivan: Adapted from NSF ERC Strategy Framework)
Professor Sir Mike Gregory, 13 Feb 2013
Three steps to understand the system:
Key Points to Learn from Industrial Innovation
• Design in Science
• Technology ‘Roadmapping’
• Open Innovation
• ‘Technology Intelligence’
WorkinProgress
We need more Science-Industry-Society Dialogue
Review the following practical approaches to innovation and design:
Professor Sir Mike Gregory, 13 Feb 2013
Create Creative Spaces – Attract Passionate People
we.learn.it
we.learn.it
Markku markkula oi2.0 dublin final
Digitisation drives change, and convergence towards digital services is speeding up:
1. The best laboratories for breakthrough innovations today are no longer traditional
university facilities, but regional innovation ecosystems operating as testbeds for
rapid prototyping of many types of user-driven innovations, based on
transformative and scalable systems.
2. Innovation communities operate as ecosystems through systemic value networking
in a world without borders.
3. Innovation processes are strongly based on demand and user orientation and
customers as crucial players in innovations.
4. Innovation strategies focus on catalysing open innovation and encouraging
individuals and communities towards an entrepreneurial mindset and effective use
and creation of new digitalised services.
5. Innovation is often based on experimenting and implementing demonstration
projects by partnerships, using the best international knowledge and creating new
innovative concepts.
My key messages:
3. Developing Attractive Innovation Environments
Regional Innovation Ecosystem
Aalto University Campus 2020
According to the plans, by 2020, there will be new investments of 4-5 billion €:
metro, tunnel construction of ring road, other infra, housing, office and business
buildings, public services, university buildings, sports and cultural facilities…
Aalto
University
Nokia
Rovio
Tapiola
Garden
City
EIT ICT Lab
Laurea
Young entrepreneurial mindset
Aalto Campus based on Prof. Nonaka: Ba & Flow
(our “Idea Space” developments)
1. A circular economy is an economy in which things are not thrown away or lost, but
allowed to circulate and be reused so that their value is not lost, but enhanced.
2. The term derives from new thinking about next-generation concepts for sustainable
development. In a circular economy for knowledge, the results of research
programmes and projects – ideas, insights, recommendations, methodologies,
practical proposals, prototypes and inventions – can be rediscovered, accessed, and
applied in current programmes and projects in related and relevant areas.
3. In moving towards a circular economy for knowledge, national funding bodies could
revisit and explore the results of projects completed during the last 5-10 years, and
unlock their treasures for reuse in new regional and national contexts. Directorates-
General in the Commission could do the same, making results accessible more
broadly across different domains, in order to address societal challenges.
4. RDI activities are required to pilot and create prototypes of
a. spatial configurations with physical, intellectual and virtual dimensions, and
b. orchestration and knowledge management toolkits needed to address challenges.
My key messages:
4. A Circular Economy – Knowledge Sharing and Reuse
Working space built into the latest
3-dimensional regional information
model of Espoo T3 innovation hub.
2012
Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Tommi Hollström, Lars Miikki, Markku Markkula
Based on research on Regional Information Modelling by:
2012 Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Tommi Hollström, Lars Miikki, Markku Markkula
Based on research on Regional Information Modelling by:
Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Hannu Hyyppä, Marika Ahlavuo, Juha Hyyppä
More Information on the
platform used, download and
install: www.meshmoon.com
Aalto City Integrating Real and Virtual Worlds
Aalto University campus with its surrounding business and residence areas is the innovation hub of the Helsinki
Region. This picture is based on the Energizing Urban Ecosystems research program. The program with its € 20
million multidisciplinary research integrates new science, art and business developments to working in a virtual
environment. Regional Information Modeling is the breakthrough dimension in this research.
Regional Information Modeling
(CdR 104/2010 fin)
OPINION of the Committee of the Regions on the DIGITAL AGENDA
FOR EUROPE, approved by the CoR Plenary on 6 October 2010
“Committee of the Regions (CoR) points out that management of the
built environment and urban planning are sectors with a high impact on
the local economy as well as on the quality of the living environment.
New developments in information management can play a crucial role in
achieving the goal of establishing an ambitious new climate regime.
Building Information Modelling (BIM) is actively used in facility
management to provide a digital representation of the physical and
functional characteristics of a facility.
The concepts of BIM should be extended to regional and urban planning.
It could then serve as a shared knowledge resource for an area, forming
a reliable basis for life-cycle analysis, user-driven business process
development and value-creating decision-making.”
Energizing urban ecosystems: Regional information modelling
The research led by Dr Hannu Hyyppä produces the overall
concept, methodologies and descriptions of how a regional
information model based on the newest digital technology
operates. Research will link infrastructure and the present
digitalization of buildings in T3 together with the operational
activity planning. The outcome is the T3-wide technical
demonstration of regional information modeling.
Energizing urban ecosystems: Visualized virtual reality
This research lead by Tommi Hollström Adminotech Ltd focuses
especially on creating a new working culture for virtual worlds:
a realXtend based social media and virtual reality platform and
3D virtual software applications.
2012 Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Tommi Hollström, Lars Miikki, Markku Markkula
Based on research on Regional Information Modelling by:
Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Hannu Hyyppä, Marika Ahlavuo, Juha Hyyppä
1. Regions need new arenas as hotspots for innovation co-creation. These could be
described as "innovation gardens" and "challenge platforms", which together
form prototype workspaces for inventing the future.
2. We need to speed-up the transformation by Europe wide partnerships based on
pioneering and scaling. The CoR stresses that these platforms should be based on
both bench-learning (validating ideas that work in one organisation and one
region by testing them in other organisations and regions) and bench-doing
(giving added value to new ideas by turning them into practical innovations in
several regions at the same time).
3. However, we need to stress the importance of research. Knowledge exploitation
and capacity-building processes, and knowledge exploitation in organisational
learning, are concepts that are becoming important, as well as exploration and
knowledge co-creation.
My key messages:
5. Creating Challenge Platforms Based on Bench-learning
Open Innovation &
University – Industry Collaboration
Justin Rattner, INTEL , Open Innovation 2.0, Dublin, 20 May 2013
Stairway to Excellence  Bench-learning:
Aalto University Pioneering Ramps for Societal Innovation
Entrepreneurial
Mindset
Aalto
Living Labs
Real life & Real
Case -
Approach
What can we learn from John Kao (Harvard
Business Review article in March 2009 /
Tapping the World’s Innovation Hot Spots):
“The journey to innovation is a 3-act drama”
1. An innovation audit is required  What
new capabilities need to be built;
2. The context for innovation must be
understood:  processes, foresight,
customer insight;
3. The work of innovation must be carried out
through tools, talent, resources and modes
of collaboration  generate significant
sources of value.
Read: The Knowledge
Triangle. www.sefi.be
Europe needs pioneering regions, as pathfinders
and rapid prototypes. Helsinki Region has
forerunner instruments in use:
Aalto Design Factory
Venture Garage / Start-up Sauna
 Urban Mill
Aalto Camp for Societal Innovation ACSI
 and many more …
Have a look at:
www.aaltodesignfactory.fi
Markku Markkula
CoR & Aalto University
Mindset
http://socialinnovation.se/en/news/acsi2013/
ACSI Value System Framework
Service platforms
Incl. knowledge base & learning
environment
Value co-creation
• Real cases & rapid prototyping
• Integration with research, education
and other innovation activities
Partnerships & community
Networks and orchestration
• Grand
Challenges,
• Societal & end
users’ need and
potential
• New knowledge
• Innovative solutions
• New RDI agendas
• New market
opportunities
• Sustainable impacts
Mika Pirttivaara (2010)
Next ACSI in Malmö in August 2013, have a look at:
http://socialinnovation.se/en/news/acsi2013/
Aalto Camp for Societal Innovation ACSI
Join us to change the world: Integrating real world & virtual world
Thank you for listening: The Key Is Integrating Real World &
Virtual World  Energizing Urban Ecosystems
Aalto University as a Living Lab
markku.markkula@aalto.fi & www.aalto.fi

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Markku markkula oi2.0 dublin final

  • 1. Markku Markkula • Member of the EU Committee of the Regions, Rapporteur on “Horizon 2020” and “Closing the Innovation Divide” • Advisor to the Aalto Presidents at Aalto University markku.markkula@aalto.fi EU Presidency Conference Open Innovation 2.0: ”Closing the Innovation Divide” At the request of the Irish Presidency, the EU Committee of the Regions (CoR) is submitting proposals on 1. Measures required of the regions and all their various players, and 2. Measures required under EU Commission programmes, funding and other activities. In my presentation I will highlight a few key messages of the CoR Opinion (which is to be approved by the CoR Plenary on 30th May. 1. Implementing EU2020  a few crucial policy guidelines 2. Entrepreneurial Discovery  a key driver of transformation 3. Regional innovation ecosystems  attractive innovation environments 4. A circular economy  highlighting the importance of knowledge reuse 5. Creating challenge platforms  bench-learning & bench-doing
  • 2. My key messages: 1. A Few Crucial Policy Guidelines in Implementing EU2020 In Europe, we need to: 1. stress the importance of Europe-wide collaboration and transnational cooperation projects between regions, building on innovation support and smart specialisation strategies; 2. encourage bottom-up activities: co-creation, co-design and co-production, working in true "know-how" collaboration instead of just urging governments to develop new "solutions" for citizens. 3. strive for societal innovation, with living labs, testbeds and open innovation methods in regional innovation policy-making, while getting citizens on board; 4. implement the Knowledge Triangle as a key principle in European university reform (greater synergies between research, education and innovation); 5. focus more on the active use of innovative public procurement, combined with simplification of procedures;
  • 3. End user’s needs and potential: Individuals & Organizations We need societal innovation for sustainable impacts Research and Innovation Knowledge Base Open Innovation & Smart Specialisation  Fill the Gap between Research and Real Life Practice Real Life Practice “Smart Region as the innovation laboratory” markku.markkula@aalto.fi
  • 4. SMART SPECIALISATION Scientific Excellence & Industrial Leadership Horizon 2020 Frame for Research and Innovation: How to Speed up and Scale up EU 2020 Implementation Regional Innovation Ecosystems Pioneering EU2020 Markku Markkula, markku.markkula@aalto.fi Chair CoR-EPP Task Force on Europe 2020, Aalto University, Finland More Societal Innovations Urban Design Solutions Digitalized Real Life Test- beds Open Innovation & Digital Entrepreneurship
  • 5. Business Model Levers Technology Levers Value Proposition Value Chain Target Customer Product and Service Process Technology Enabling Technology Cultural Levers Regional Innovation Ecosystem Space (Ba & Flow) Design Mindset Learning Transformation: the levers for the 3 types on innovation Incremental innovations Semi-radical innovations Radical innovations Markkula M & Pirttivaara M, (2013). Adding the Cultural Levers. Developed from Davila T, Epstein MJ and Shelton RD, (2013), Making Innovation Work, FT Press, New Jersey. Now: also the cultural levers are the drivers of change. In the past: the focus on innovations has been on business and technology.
  • 6. Conceptualizing the Implementation of Knowledge Triangle: Create Synergy between Research, Education and Innovation Innovation EducationResearch Platform for Blended Learning Orchestration Focus on: A. Value creation based on better use of intangible assets B. New processes and methods for university-industry collaboration C. Systemic change and societal innovations Benefits are evident: For students For teaching staff For researchers For working life professionals Special need to: A. Platforms B. Processes C. Orchestration markku.markkula@aalto.fi
  • 7. My key messages: 2. Entrepreneurial Discovery  a Key Driver of Transformation 1. As many phenomena of the digital society have already demonstrated, significant transformation takes place from the bottom up, and a pervasive mindset of "entrepreneurial discovery" is critical. The term "entrepreneur" is inadequate here because it is often interpreted rather narrowly. 2. Discovery also means more than innovation. It is rather a new activity – exploring, experimenting and learning what should be done in the relevant industry or subsystem in terms of research, development and innovation to improve its situation. 3. Entrepreneurial discovery means experimentation, risk-taking, and also failing. It means individuals often working together with others in networks, assessing alternatives, setting goals and creating innovations in an open-minded way. 4. The CoR encourages all parties concerned to actively engage in science-society dialogues that explore and underscore how to translate the results of research into real-life practice. Schools and all educational bodies play a crucial role here.
  • 8. Identify Societal / Market Needs & define system requirements & barriers Develop useful insights from Fundamental Knowledge Integrate fundamental research & innovation knowledge into Enabling Technologies Applying Experiences from Industrial Systems: Systemic Approach to Tackle Societal Innovations by Interacting Learning & Research & Innovation Activities (E O’Sullivan: Adapted from NSF ERC Strategy Framework) Professor Sir Mike Gregory, 13 Feb 2013 Three steps to understand the system:
  • 9. Key Points to Learn from Industrial Innovation • Design in Science • Technology ‘Roadmapping’ • Open Innovation • ‘Technology Intelligence’ WorkinProgress We need more Science-Industry-Society Dialogue Review the following practical approaches to innovation and design: Professor Sir Mike Gregory, 13 Feb 2013
  • 10. Create Creative Spaces – Attract Passionate People we.learn.it
  • 13. Digitisation drives change, and convergence towards digital services is speeding up: 1. The best laboratories for breakthrough innovations today are no longer traditional university facilities, but regional innovation ecosystems operating as testbeds for rapid prototyping of many types of user-driven innovations, based on transformative and scalable systems. 2. Innovation communities operate as ecosystems through systemic value networking in a world without borders. 3. Innovation processes are strongly based on demand and user orientation and customers as crucial players in innovations. 4. Innovation strategies focus on catalysing open innovation and encouraging individuals and communities towards an entrepreneurial mindset and effective use and creation of new digitalised services. 5. Innovation is often based on experimenting and implementing demonstration projects by partnerships, using the best international knowledge and creating new innovative concepts. My key messages: 3. Developing Attractive Innovation Environments
  • 14. Regional Innovation Ecosystem Aalto University Campus 2020 According to the plans, by 2020, there will be new investments of 4-5 billion €: metro, tunnel construction of ring road, other infra, housing, office and business buildings, public services, university buildings, sports and cultural facilities… Aalto University Nokia Rovio Tapiola Garden City EIT ICT Lab Laurea Young entrepreneurial mindset
  • 15. Aalto Campus based on Prof. Nonaka: Ba & Flow (our “Idea Space” developments)
  • 16. 1. A circular economy is an economy in which things are not thrown away or lost, but allowed to circulate and be reused so that their value is not lost, but enhanced. 2. The term derives from new thinking about next-generation concepts for sustainable development. In a circular economy for knowledge, the results of research programmes and projects – ideas, insights, recommendations, methodologies, practical proposals, prototypes and inventions – can be rediscovered, accessed, and applied in current programmes and projects in related and relevant areas. 3. In moving towards a circular economy for knowledge, national funding bodies could revisit and explore the results of projects completed during the last 5-10 years, and unlock their treasures for reuse in new regional and national contexts. Directorates- General in the Commission could do the same, making results accessible more broadly across different domains, in order to address societal challenges. 4. RDI activities are required to pilot and create prototypes of a. spatial configurations with physical, intellectual and virtual dimensions, and b. orchestration and knowledge management toolkits needed to address challenges. My key messages: 4. A Circular Economy – Knowledge Sharing and Reuse
  • 17. Working space built into the latest 3-dimensional regional information model of Espoo T3 innovation hub. 2012 Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Tommi Hollström, Lars Miikki, Markku Markkula Based on research on Regional Information Modelling by: 2012 Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Tommi Hollström, Lars Miikki, Markku Markkula Based on research on Regional Information Modelling by: Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Hannu Hyyppä, Marika Ahlavuo, Juha Hyyppä More Information on the platform used, download and install: www.meshmoon.com
  • 18. Aalto City Integrating Real and Virtual Worlds Aalto University campus with its surrounding business and residence areas is the innovation hub of the Helsinki Region. This picture is based on the Energizing Urban Ecosystems research program. The program with its € 20 million multidisciplinary research integrates new science, art and business developments to working in a virtual environment. Regional Information Modeling is the breakthrough dimension in this research.
  • 19. Regional Information Modeling (CdR 104/2010 fin) OPINION of the Committee of the Regions on the DIGITAL AGENDA FOR EUROPE, approved by the CoR Plenary on 6 October 2010 “Committee of the Regions (CoR) points out that management of the built environment and urban planning are sectors with a high impact on the local economy as well as on the quality of the living environment. New developments in information management can play a crucial role in achieving the goal of establishing an ambitious new climate regime. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is actively used in facility management to provide a digital representation of the physical and functional characteristics of a facility. The concepts of BIM should be extended to regional and urban planning. It could then serve as a shared knowledge resource for an area, forming a reliable basis for life-cycle analysis, user-driven business process development and value-creating decision-making.” Energizing urban ecosystems: Regional information modelling The research led by Dr Hannu Hyyppä produces the overall concept, methodologies and descriptions of how a regional information model based on the newest digital technology operates. Research will link infrastructure and the present digitalization of buildings in T3 together with the operational activity planning. The outcome is the T3-wide technical demonstration of regional information modeling. Energizing urban ecosystems: Visualized virtual reality This research lead by Tommi Hollström Adminotech Ltd focuses especially on creating a new working culture for virtual worlds: a realXtend based social media and virtual reality platform and 3D virtual software applications. 2012 Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Tommi Hollström, Lars Miikki, Markku Markkula Based on research on Regional Information Modelling by: Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Hannu Hyyppä, Marika Ahlavuo, Juha Hyyppä
  • 20. 1. Regions need new arenas as hotspots for innovation co-creation. These could be described as "innovation gardens" and "challenge platforms", which together form prototype workspaces for inventing the future. 2. We need to speed-up the transformation by Europe wide partnerships based on pioneering and scaling. The CoR stresses that these platforms should be based on both bench-learning (validating ideas that work in one organisation and one region by testing them in other organisations and regions) and bench-doing (giving added value to new ideas by turning them into practical innovations in several regions at the same time). 3. However, we need to stress the importance of research. Knowledge exploitation and capacity-building processes, and knowledge exploitation in organisational learning, are concepts that are becoming important, as well as exploration and knowledge co-creation. My key messages: 5. Creating Challenge Platforms Based on Bench-learning
  • 21. Open Innovation & University – Industry Collaboration Justin Rattner, INTEL , Open Innovation 2.0, Dublin, 20 May 2013
  • 22. Stairway to Excellence  Bench-learning: Aalto University Pioneering Ramps for Societal Innovation Entrepreneurial Mindset Aalto Living Labs Real life & Real Case - Approach What can we learn from John Kao (Harvard Business Review article in March 2009 / Tapping the World’s Innovation Hot Spots): “The journey to innovation is a 3-act drama” 1. An innovation audit is required  What new capabilities need to be built; 2. The context for innovation must be understood:  processes, foresight, customer insight; 3. The work of innovation must be carried out through tools, talent, resources and modes of collaboration  generate significant sources of value. Read: The Knowledge Triangle. www.sefi.be
  • 23. Europe needs pioneering regions, as pathfinders and rapid prototypes. Helsinki Region has forerunner instruments in use: Aalto Design Factory Venture Garage / Start-up Sauna  Urban Mill Aalto Camp for Societal Innovation ACSI  and many more … Have a look at: www.aaltodesignfactory.fi Markku Markkula CoR & Aalto University Mindset http://socialinnovation.se/en/news/acsi2013/
  • 24. ACSI Value System Framework Service platforms Incl. knowledge base & learning environment Value co-creation • Real cases & rapid prototyping • Integration with research, education and other innovation activities Partnerships & community Networks and orchestration • Grand Challenges, • Societal & end users’ need and potential • New knowledge • Innovative solutions • New RDI agendas • New market opportunities • Sustainable impacts Mika Pirttivaara (2010)
  • 25. Next ACSI in Malmö in August 2013, have a look at: http://socialinnovation.se/en/news/acsi2013/ Aalto Camp for Societal Innovation ACSI Join us to change the world: Integrating real world & virtual world
  • 26. Thank you for listening: The Key Is Integrating Real World & Virtual World  Energizing Urban Ecosystems Aalto University as a Living Lab markku.markkula@aalto.fi & www.aalto.fi

Notas do Editor

  1. Regions need new arenas as hotspots for innovation co-creation. These could be described as "innovation gardens" and "challenge platforms", which together form a prototype workspace for inventing the future. These are needed to address challenges - from small local challenges to major societal challenges at global level.