2. By the end of this unit you should have an understanding of: The relationship between law and civil liberties How crime affects society and individuals Different types of crime and their punishment Detection rates and law enforcement What punishment is intended to achieve. As well as general engagement with the issues, you will also need to be comfortable with the relevant vocabulary and factual evidence, which you may use to illustrate your points. You will also need to be comfortable with different types of statistics, and the different presentation of arguments in texts
3. Section One:What is punishment intended to achieve? Deterrence Also known as “an eye for an eye”. This theory aims to punish the defendant. Training courses in custody; Drug & Alcohol treatment requirements in Community Orders Retribution This theory looks at the defendant and why they committed the crime. Life sentence for murder. In other countries: the death penalty, chemical castration etc. Rehabilitation This asks that the Defendant makes it up to either the victim or society as a whole. Whole life sentences; driving bans; tagging Reparation This theory focuses on the future threat posed by the defendant. Specific: a short sharp shock e.g. custodial sentence General: CCTV, minimum sentences Incapacitation/ Protection of the Public This focuses on ‘scaring’ the defendant into not committing a crime. Compensation orders; Fines; Unpaid work requirement in a Community Order; Victim meetings
5. Section 2 ctd:Punishments Means: e.g. Conditional Discharge Means: e.g. Means: e.g. Means: e.g. Means: e.g. Crimes? Crimes? Crimes? Crimes? Can you think of any other punishments which the courts may hand down?
9. the behaviour of offenders in committing crimes How do we know how much crime there is? Reported crime
10. Section FourHow does crime affect both individuals and society? How about if you are an offender?
11. Section Five:The Law and Civil Liberties The basic human or civil rights of the individual, which can protect the individual from the state A set of rules governing the conduct of a society, often created and enforced by the state. How do we develop laws? Why have laws? Who benefits from the laws? Do laws protect the weak against the strong? Could society exist without laws?
12. What are your civil liberties?In England and Wales, these are enshrined in the Human Rights Act 1998, which put the European Convention on Human Rights on a legal footing Although there are many rights in the Act, some of the most important are hidden in the word search. Can you find all 11? Why might we have to limit these rights? How does that affect the law?
