This document discusses the history and evolution of music videos. It outlines key developments such as the rise of MTV in 1981 which helped popularize the music video format. Directors became prominent figures in the 1990s as their unique styles shaped many iconic videos. The internet further changed the industry around 2005 as sites like YouTube provided new platforms for sharing and discovering music videos online. The document also defines common music video categories like narrative, concept, and performance videos.

1. THE LIFE OF MUSIC VIDEOS
MariatouHydara

2. HISTORY
This is the music time line from Timerime.
Source: http://timerime.com/en/timeline/596148/A+History+of+the+Music+Video/

3. MUSIC VIDEO DEFINITIONS
“a commercial videotape featuring a performance of
a popular song, often through a stylized
dramatization by the performers with lip-synching
and special effects.”
“A music video is a short film or video that
accompanies a complete piece of music/song.”
“A visual film that connects with the lyrics of the
song.”

4. United Kingdom
The long-running British TV show Top of the Pops began playing music
videos in the late 1970s, although the BBC placed strict limits on the number
of 'outsourced' videos TOTP could use. Therefore a good video would
increase a song's sales as viewers hoped to see it again the following week. In
1980, David Bowie scored his first UK number one in nearly a decade thanks
to director David Mallet's eye catching promo for "Ashes to Ashes". Another
act to succeed with this tactic was Madness, who shot on 16 mm and 35 mm,
constructing their clips as "micro-comedic" short films.

5. The phonoscène era
(1902-1917)
The phonoscène was one of the first inventor of films with sound. It is
combined by chronophone which is a sound recording with a chronograph
film shot with actors lip-synching to the sound recording. The recording and
film were synchronized by a mechanism patented by LéonGaumont in 1902.
The first phonoscènes were presented by Gaumont in 1902 in France.

6. Visual innovation
1960–1967
In the late 1950s a visual jukebox was invented in France it was a a 16mm film and it also
was one of the leaders to music video. Many French artists, such as Jacques Brel, Serge
Gainsbourg, Françoise Hardy, and many more produced short films to accompany their
songs. This was then expanded to different countries like the USA and Italy with their
similar machines such as the Cinebox in Italy and Color-Sonic in the USA. In the year
1961 Ozzie Nelson made a video video called "Travelin' Man" by his son Ricky Nelson
which he directed and edited himself. The video showed images of different locations in
the world that were mentioned in song Jerry Fuller wrote and Nelson himself sang. But
in contrast to that Kenneth Anger made a short film in 1964, called ‘Scorpio Rising’
which uses and focus on popular songs instead of dialog or narrative.
One of the earliest Videos of a Top 40 hit, was Jan & Dean's "Surf City", produced in
Summer 1963, contributing with the single release they hit Number One nationally in
July 1963. it was filmed on the Pacific Coast Highway in Malibu, showcasing the
surrounding, and atmosphere and vibe of the Southern California early 1960s beach
scene. This video is readily available for download and viewing on YouTube.com.

7. Music videos go mainstream
1981–1991
MTV was launched in1981 from the USA. They aired a Beetle music video
called "Video Killed the Radio Star" which was one of their few music videos
to set of there era of the purpose of the channel. With a popular viewing
from audience and great marketing the business began to grow in the 1980’s.
From this many actsat thatperiod, demand and got deals with directors to
make other marketing strategies on how to appeal more to the audiences,
these acts were artist such asMadonna, Duran Duran, and of course The
Beetles.

8. Rise of the directors
1992–2004
Inthe 1992, directors were listed in music videos and were giving credits and
awareness as the music videos had increasingly become an auteur's medium.
With many creative and unique artist vision and style dirctors such as. Michel
Gondry, Spike Jonze, StéphaneSednaoui, Mark Romanek and Hype Williams
all got theirmoment and spotlightaround this time. This later lead some
directors such as LasseHallström and David Fincher to also direct in feature
films which became a big development.

9. The Internet becomes video-friendly
2005–present
The earliest foundation of music videos on the internet was from Napster,
which is a file sharing service for friends and peers. Their service ran from the
1999 to 2001, it allowed users to share video files, including music videos.
Channels such as MTV started to abandon showing music videos and start
sharing more reality TV shows which was because the reality shows were
becoming more popular and got more views. This was in the mid-2000s,but
shows like The Real World, which was premiered in 1992 opened up the path
to reality shows and made it mainstream.

10. Different categories of music videos
Narrative Music Videos-
Concept Music Videos-
Performance Music Videos-
Hybrid Music Videos-

11. Narrative Music Videos
Narrative Music Videos- This type of music video relays on the audience
focusing on a story throughout the music video which is matched to the lyrics
and story told in the song. This type of music video often uses actors rather
than showing the band or artist themselves however, sometimes the band are
also shown throughout in clip in between the narrative being told. This type
of video is also used if the song is also used in a film and therefore there is a
range of sense from the movie also cut into the music video.

12. Concept Music Videos-
Concept Music Videos- this is based around a single concept or idea. These
types of videos are fairly unusual with a particular editing or filming
technique. There are not many of these kinds of videos either as coming up
with a concept can often be a hard challenge to complete.

13. Performance Music Videos-
Performance Music Videos- this type of music video is when the band or
artist performs to the camera for most or all of the video. Along with the bad
performing is usually sequences of footage which can or cannot relate to the
song at all. This style is usually preferred by rock bands as it gives a chance for
them to show the different instruments within the band and all of the band
members playing together. An example of a band who does this regularly is
Foo Fighters who often use this form of video:

14. Hybrid Music Videos-
Hybrid Music Videos- This is a combination of all the above into one film.