2. Computerized tomography (CT) scan – Provides a three dimensional image of a section of the body by taking a series of X-rays around an axis.

4. Nucleus pulposus – The inner disc material is composed mainly of water and protein. This gel-like material gives the disc its flexibility.In a healthy spine, the intervertebral discs exist in the space between adjacent vertebrae. A bulging disc occurs when the annulus fibrosus becomes weakened and pressure on the disc causes the disc to extrude beyond its normal parameters. However, a bulging disc on its own isn’t necessarily symptomatic. This condition causes back or neck pain, in addition to other symptoms, when the swollen disc comes in contact with a nerve root or the spinal cord within the spinal canal. This means that someone who receives a bulging disc diagnosis is really learning they have a bulging disc that is causing a pinched or otherwise irritated nerve.<br />What Causes a Bulging Disc?<br />left3800475The next question that most people have after receiving their diagnosis is about the potential causes of a bulging disc. While many people want to be able to clearly identify the activity or activities that caused the onset of this condition, more often than not a bulging disc is caused by something that cannot be controlled: the natural aging process. As we grow older, our intervertebral discs are liable to deteriorate as a result of regular wear and tear. The combination of stress from supporting weight and strain from frequent movement causes the discs – especially in the lower back and neck – to slowly break down. This is why bulging discs typically develop around middle age and are increasingly common later in life.<br />That being said, there are a number of other risk factors that can accelerate the development of a bulging disc. For example, practicing poor posture can put additional strain on the intervertebral discs and cause them to become worn prematurely. Similarly, obesity frequently leads to degenerative disc disease because of the stress of supporting excess body fat. Additionally, any activity or job that requires repetitive bending, twisting, or stretching can have a significant impact on the spine. <br />It should also be noted that a traumatic injury can also lead to bulging discs, but injuries are more commonly associated with herniated discs than swollen discs.<br />Treatment Options<br />The good news when it comes to bulging discs is that this condition is generally regarded as highly treatable. When a patient receives a bulging disc diagnosis, the doctor will work closely with the patient to develop a comprehensive treatment plan that takes into consideration the patient’s overall health, previously attempted treatments, current medications, age, and other variables. While specific treatments vary from patient to patient, some of the most commonly recommended noninvasive methods include the application of heat or ice, the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, limited rest, low-impact exercises, and stretching. Many patients also find relief through alternative medicines, such as chiropractics, acupuncture, massage therapy and other holistic treatments.<br />Surgical Options<br />right1653540In the event that several weeks or months of conservative treatment fail to provide relief, bulging disc surgery may be considered. However, this is almost always considered the last resort for patients in debilitating pain.<br />There are a number of different procedures that may be considered depending on the cause and severity of the bulging disc. Traditionally, bulging disc surgery has been an open spine operation, wherein the intervertebral disc is removed and the adjacent vertebrae are stabilized with a bone graft or disc replacement and surgical hardware. However, recovery and rehabilitation from this type of surgery is extensive and the risk for post-operative complications can be troubling. In recent years, endoscopic spine procedures have grown in popularity, because they can be completed on an outpatient basis and are not nearly as invasive.<br />To learn what kind of treatment is right for you and for more information on your bulging disc diagnosis, speak with your doctor.<br />