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A Brief (and Practical) Introduction to Information Architecture Usability and Accessibility for the Web International Seminar Monterrey, Nuevo Leon July 26, 2007 Louis Rosenfeld www.louisrosenfeld.com
My path and biases
The “Polar Bear” book
Agenda:  emphasis on  practical ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Introduction:  IA in six slides
A definition and a diagram ,[object Object],[object Object]
Where we’re from/what we do: User-orientation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Methods Disciplines
Where we’re from/what we do: Content-orientation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Methods Disciplines
Where we’re from/what we do: Context-orientation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Methods Disciplines
What we do:  A series of balancing acts IAs improve knowledge of the former; neutral balancers Customers vs. business Technology agnostics who go beyond tech requirements Build vs. buy IAs integrate both as part of broader info ecology Formal vs. emergent IAs develop balanced workflows and processes Centralization vs. autonomy IAs stronger in the latter, though data is ascendant Structured vs. semi-structured
Information architecture’s  single rule ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Before we continue:  A question ,[object Object]
CiteSeer:  Strong on findability, weak on usability
UseIt:  Strong on usability, weak on findability
IA for novices  and  veterans:  Start with Two Big Questions
My questions for you ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Q1:  Who are your site’s  major audiences?
Audience definition is  surprisingly difficult ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Q2:  What are their  major information needs?  Photos:  http://www.flickr.com/photos/alexin/
Information needs are common tasks and topics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Uncovering information needs: Ask people who would know ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Uncovering information needs: Analyze behavioral data ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Big Answers for Big Questions
The end of redesigns ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sample Method:  Search Analytics
Anatomy of a search log ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Full legend and more examples here: http://www.rosenfeldmedia.com/books/searchanalytics/blog/log_sample_google_appliance/
The Pareto Principle in action Sorting queries by frequency results in a Zipf Distribution Can we improve performance for the most popular queries?
What users want and when: Sorting and clustering queries
Diagnostics from search analytics:  What can you fix or improve? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Best Bet search results:  Big answers for Big Questions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Best Bets example:  NCI
Best Bets also improve navigation ,[object Object]
Guides: Bigger answers to Big Questions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Vanguard links to guides  on main page
Vanguard’s guide to its tax information
Guides are painless and efficient ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sample Design Approach:  Contextual Navigation
Contextual navigation: Focusing on  where  users are ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A common content model
Contextual navigation is  powered by  content models ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hewlett-Packard content model for product information  ,[object Object],[object Object]
BBC content model for music artist descriptions album reviews album pages artist bios discography concert calendar TV listings
Content modeling use metadata to connect content objects artist description artist description artist description artist bio, discography, concert calendar, TV listing album review, artist description album page album review, discography, artist … link to other  Content Objects… Artist Name , Channel, Date, Time… Artist Name , Tour, Venue, Date, Time… Artist Name , Individual Artist Name… Artist Name , Desc Author, Desc Date… Artist Name ,  Album Name , Release Date… Album Name ,  Artist Name , Review Author, Source, Pub Date… Album Name ,  Artist Name , Label, Release Date… … by leveraging common Metadata Attributes TV listing concert calendar artist bio artist description discography album review album page Content Objects…
At last:  A little bit of inspiration
The past and future of IA… in logos time External IAs Internal IAs Senior information architect Director of User Experience Chief Experience Officer Chief Information Officer … CEO?
What I’ve covered ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How to reach me ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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A Brief (and Practical) Introduction to Information Architecture

  • 1. A Brief (and Practical) Introduction to Information Architecture Usability and Accessibility for the Web International Seminar Monterrey, Nuevo Leon July 26, 2007 Louis Rosenfeld www.louisrosenfeld.com
  • 2. My path and biases
  • 4.
  • 5. Introduction: IA in six slides
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. What we do: A series of balancing acts IAs improve knowledge of the former; neutral balancers Customers vs. business Technology agnostics who go beyond tech requirements Build vs. buy IAs integrate both as part of broader info ecology Formal vs. emergent IAs develop balanced workflows and processes Centralization vs. autonomy IAs stronger in the latter, though data is ascendant Structured vs. semi-structured
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. CiteSeer: Strong on findability, weak on usability
  • 14. UseIt: Strong on usability, weak on findability
  • 15. IA for novices and veterans: Start with Two Big Questions
  • 16.
  • 17. Q1: Who are your site’s major audiences?
  • 18.
  • 19. Q2: What are their major information needs? Photos: http://www.flickr.com/photos/alexin/
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23. Big Answers for Big Questions
  • 24.
  • 25. Sample Method: Search Analytics
  • 26.
  • 27. The Pareto Principle in action Sorting queries by frequency results in a Zipf Distribution Can we improve performance for the most popular queries?
  • 28. What users want and when: Sorting and clustering queries
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34. Vanguard links to guides on main page
  • 35. Vanguard’s guide to its tax information
  • 36.
  • 37. Sample Design Approach: Contextual Navigation
  • 38.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42. BBC content model for music artist descriptions album reviews album pages artist bios discography concert calendar TV listings
  • 43. Content modeling use metadata to connect content objects artist description artist description artist description artist bio, discography, concert calendar, TV listing album review, artist description album page album review, discography, artist … link to other Content Objects… Artist Name , Channel, Date, Time… Artist Name , Tour, Venue, Date, Time… Artist Name , Individual Artist Name… Artist Name , Desc Author, Desc Date… Artist Name , Album Name , Release Date… Album Name , Artist Name , Review Author, Source, Pub Date… Album Name , Artist Name , Label, Release Date… … by leveraging common Metadata Attributes TV listing concert calendar artist bio artist description discography album review album page Content Objects…
  • 44. At last: A little bit of inspiration
  • 45. The past and future of IA… in logos time External IAs Internal IAs Senior information architect Director of User Experience Chief Experience Officer Chief Information Officer … CEO?
  • 46.
  • 47.