The document discusses various terms and events related to genocide and crimes against humanity throughout history. It begins with definitions of terms like genocide, democide, ethnic cleansing, and pogroms. It then provides brief historical examples of events where large-scale killing and persecution occurred, such as the Armenian Genocide, The Holocaust, and Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge. The bulk of the document focuses on detailing aspects and events of the Holocaust from its rise in Germany in the 1930s through concentration camps and mass killings in the 1940s.

1. AND RELATED CRIMES AGAINST
HUMANITY

2. By “genocide” we mean the destruction of a nation or
of an ethnic group.
-- Raphael Lemkin
Axis Rule in Occupied Europe
2

3. GENOCIDE
DEMOCIDE
ETHNIC CLEANSING
POGROMS
GHETTO /
SEGREGATION
DISCRIMINATION

4. THE MELIAN DIALOGUE 416 BC

5. “ Carthago delenda est” (“Carthage must be destroyed”)
CATO THE ELDER THIRD PUNIC WAR 146 BC

6. Tamerlane
1336-1405

7. Before the Holocaust
“Who today speaks of the
annihilation of the Armenians?”
- Adolf Hitler 1939

8. THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE
“TURKEY FOR THE TURKS!”
Talaat Pasha

9. 1933-1945

10. First used in And the World was Silent (Wiesel)
Shoah (Hebrew) -- Destruction, complete ruination
by fire.
Porraimos (Romani) – The Devouring
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11.  Nazis receive 33% of
the vote
 Reichstag Fire
 Reichstag Fire
Decree
 Enabling Act
Courtesy Library of Congress
11

12. ―Un-German‖ books burned
Courtesy National Archives
12

13. Defined who was (not) German and held
citizenship in the Third Reich
Groups targeted:
Disabled (July 14)
Jews (Sept 15)
Gypsies (Nov 26)*
African-Germans (Nov 26)*
* by decree
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14.  Registration of
Jewish Property
 Gypsy ―Clean-Up
Week‖
 Jews are forbidden
from owning
businesses
 Jews are forbidden
from practicing law
and medicine
Courtesy National Archives
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15.  Thousands of
Synagogues and
businesses
destroyed
 30,000 Jews sent to
concentration camps
 91 people killed
 Jewish community
fined for damages
Courtesy Yad Vashem
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16.  Jewish passports
must have a ―J‖
stamp (1938)
 Jews in Poland must
wear Star of David
armband (1939)
Courtesy USHMM & Holocaust Memorial Center
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17. Jews ordered into ghettos
(1939)
Courtesy USHMM
17

18. Dachau (1933)
Buchenwald (1937)
Auschwitz (1940)
Courtesy National Archives
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19. Concentration camps ―labor camps‖
Courtesy USHMM
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20.  Euthanasia (1939)
 Lethal injection
 Carbon monoxide gas
chamber
 False death Emmi G, a 16-year-old
schizophrenic, was put to death
certificates at Meseritz-Obrawalde
 Secret program
Courtesy USHMM
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21. Kovno Lithuania
(1941)
21 Courtesy USHMM

22. Einsatzgruppen ―execution order‖
(1941)
22 Courtesy USHMM

23. Jewry must pay for its crime just as our Führer
prophesied in his speech in the Reichstag; namely,
by the wiping out of the Jewish race in Europe and
possibly in the entire world.
--
Joseph Goebbels, Reichsminister for Propaganda
23

24. Reichsfuhrer-SS
Heinrich Himmler
Courtesy USHMM
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25. Courtesy USHMM
25

26. Gas chambers for
mass killing
Crematories for
body disposal
26 Courtesy USHMM

27. Jews Roma (Gypsies)
Poles Soviet POWs
Political Opponents Disabled
Jehovah's Witnesses Homosexuals
African-Germans Asocials
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28.  11.5 Million people were killed in the Holocaust
 6 Million of them were Jews
 1.5 Million of them were children
 2 million were Soviet POWs
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29. 29

30. http://www.dismalworld.com/violence/khmer_rouge_regime_and_genocide_in_cambodia.ph
p
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31. 31

32. “We ask our brave Hutu brothers not to let this crime go un-punished. Rise up, brothers! Rise up and go to
work! Sharpen your tools, pick up your clubs! This race of cockroaches must be eradicated!”

33. 33

34.  http://www.historywiz.com/roma-mm.htm
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35. The University of Virginia was home to supporters of the science of eugenics. Above, Dr.
H.E. Jordan who became Dean of the Department of Medicine at the University in 1939
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36. "This person suffering from
hereditary defects costs the
community 60,000
Reichsmark during his
lifetime. Fellow Germans,
that is your money, too."

37. 37

38. During the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, ID cards were death warrants for many Tutsi stopped
at checkpoints.
__________
USHMM/Jerry Fowler
38

39. A German passport issued to Siegfried Jacobsberg and stamped with the letter "J" for "Jude." Siegfried used
this passport to escape to Shanghai in June 1939. [Photograph #25784] USHMM
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40. We Wear the Mask
Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872-1906)
We wear the mask that grins and lies,
It hides our cheeks and shades our eyes,—
This debt we pay to human guile;
With torn and bleeding hearts we smile,
And mouth with myriad subtleties. Why should the world be
over-wise,
In counting all our tears and sighs?
Nay, let them only see us, while
We wear the mask. We smile, but, O great Christ, our cries
To thee from tortured souls arise.
We sing, but oh the clay is vile
Beneath our feet, and long the mile;
But let the world dream otherwise,
We wear the mask!
http://www.potw.org/archive/potw8.html
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41. http://www1.yadvashem.org/exhibitions/nussbaum/home_nussbaum.html
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