1. AS Media Studies Unit G321 Sound

2. ObjectivesBy the end of the session you should all be able to: Explain the difference between diegetic and non-diegetic sound. Give at least 2 examples for both diegetic and non-diegetic sound. Analyse the sound in Arlington Road and discuss the meanings created through sound in the clip. Create your own soundtrack for your Arlington Road sequence that includes appropriate use of both diegetic and non-diegetic sound.

3. A film’s soundtrack should really be regarded as being as of equal importance as the visual elements. Sound can be divided into two main categories:

4. Student activity Note down the diegetic and non-diegetic sound you can hear in the Arlington Road clip. Arlington Road clip

5. Understanding how sound and music can help create “meaning” Enhance the audience's emotional experience / providing emotional focus Underlining psychological refinements - the unspoken thoughts of a character, or the unseen implications of a situation Building a sense of continuity (moving in, out and Bridging scenes) Underpinning the theatrical build-up of a scene, and rounding it off with a sense of finality

6. Understanding how sound and music can help create “meaning” Character representation / identification (Good Vs Evil e.g. Star Wars) Setting the location Setting the period Paralleling the action Creating a more convincing atmosphere of space and time Serving as a kind of neutral background filler

7. KEY SOUND TERMINOLOGY Soundtrack - the recorded sound element of a film. Theme music/tune - a recurrent melody in the film. Sound effects - sounds other than dialogue or music made artificially. Ambient sound - buzz and/or surrounding environment sounds. Dialogue - speech.

8. KEY SOUND TERMINOLOGY Voiceover - narration in a film not accompanied by a synchronised image of the speaker forming the words. Direct address - when characters speak directly to the camera i.e. the audience. Diegetic sound – any sound that has an onscreen source and belongs to the world of the film. Non-diegeticsound – any sound that does not have an onscreen source & characters onscreen do NOT hear it e.g. some voiceovers, music.

9. KEY SOUND TERMINOLOGY Sound bridges – any sound/s that continue from one shot to another. They help create a smooth transition from one shot to another. In this way the sound is said to be enhancing the continuity of the film. Parallel sound – sound that complements the image track. Sound & image seem to reflect each other. Contrapuntal sound – sound that does not complement or fit with the image track. Clockwork orange clip…

10. Student activity Create an appropriate soundtrack for your own Arlington Road sequence that includes both diegetic and non-diegetic sound…