1. 4.03 Remember the structures of
the endocrine system
1

2. 4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
What are the structures of the
endocrine system?
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
2

3. Endo-
Ductless, go through the
blood stream
Exo-
Gland must go through a
duct
These include sweat,
salivary, lacrimal, and
pancreas.
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
3

4. 4.03 Remember the structures of
the endocrine system
Gland-
-any organ that produces a
secretion called hormones
-ductless
-only act on target cells
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
4

5. The Pituitary Gland
The Master Gland
Size of a grape
Located at the base of the brain
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
5

6. The Pituitary Gland
The pituitary gland and
its hormones (pg. 202)
Anterior lobe
Posterior lobe
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
6

7. Pineal Gland
Pinecone shaped organ
attached to the roof of
the 3rd ventricle of the
brain.
Produces Melatonin.
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
7

8. Thyroid Gland
Butterfly shaped
Located in the anterior
neck on either side of the
larynx, over the trachea
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
8

9. Parathyroid Glands
Four glands
Size of a grain of rice
Attached to the posterior
thyroid
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
9

10. Thymus Gland
Serves both the endocrine
system and the lymphatic
system
Located under the sternum
Large during childhood but
atrophy with age.
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
10

11. Adrenal Gland
There are two adrenal glands.
One is located on top of each
kidney.
Cortex – outside
Medulla – inside
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
11

12. Pancreas
Located behind the
stomach
Both an endocrine and
exocrine gland
The endocrine portion
is the Islets of
Langerhans
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
12

13. Gonads
Sex glands
Testes (male)
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
13

14. Gonads
Sex glands:
Ovaries (female)
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
14

15. 4.03 Remember Structures of the
endocrine system
What are the structures of the
endocrine system?
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
15

16. 4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of
the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system

17. 4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of
the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
What are the functions of the endocrine
system?
What are some disorders of the endocrine
system?
How do you relate the body’s hormones to the
endocrine system?
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system

18. Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Glands
What do they do?
Target Organ/Cells
What are they?
Hormones
What do they do?
How do they get to
where they need to go?
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system

19. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Glands secrete
hormones
Hormones
 What are they?
 What are some
examples of target
organs/cells?

20. Hormones
Chemical messengers which coordinate and
direct the activities of target cells and organs.
TARGET ORGANS?
The organ will depend on the hormone be
secreted
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system

21. Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Hormone Control
Nervous System
 Sympathetic nervous
system:
How does it effect the
endocrine system?
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system

22. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Hormone Control
What is negative feedback?

23. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal cortex
Corticoids:
What is the function of
corticoids?
Androgens:
What do androgens do?
Who has them?

24. Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal medulla
Epinephrine:
How does epinephrine
effect the body?
Norepinephrine:
Compare epinephrine to
norepinephrine.
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system

25. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Gonads
Ovaries (female)
Estrogen:
What does it do?
Progesterone:
What does it do?
Compare the function of
estrogen to progesterone.

26. Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Gonads
Testes (male)
Testosterone:
What is the function of
testosterone?
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system

27. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Parathyroid Glands
Parathormone
What does parathormone
do?

28. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
(Islets of Langerhans)
Insulin
 What does insulin do?
 What factors influence its
production?
 What is its relevance to
your health?

29. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland (Master Gland)
Two Lobes (Anterior and Posterior)

30. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Anterior Lobe)
Adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)
What is the function of ACTH?
Follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH)
Discuss the function of FSH.

31. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Anterior Lobe)
Growth hormone
What does it do?
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
What does it do?

32. Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Anterior Lobe)
Prolactin
What is the function of prolactin?
Thyroid-stimulating
hormone (TSH)
What is the function of TSH?
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system

33. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Posterior Lobe)
Vasopressin
What does it do?
Oxytocin
What does it do?

34. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thymus Gland
T-lymphocyte production
What are they?
What do they do?

35. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid Gland
Thyroxine
What does thyroxine
do?
Calcitonin
What is the function of
calcitonin?

36. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

37. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal Cortex
Addison's disease
What is the cause of Addison’s
disease?
What are the most common
symptoms of Addison’s
disease?
How is Addison’s disease
treated?

38. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal Cortex
Cushing's Syndrome
What is a syndrome?
What are some common
symptoms of Cushing’s
syndrome?
How is Cushing’s syndrome
treated?
Compare the before and after
pictures at the right.
Before
After

39. Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal Glands
Steroid Abuse
in Sports
What are the risks?
Males
Females
Why is it illegal?
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system

40. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
Diabetes Mellitus
What is the normal blood
sugar range?
What are the most common
symptoms?
Define these terms:
polyuria
polyphagia
polydipsia

41. Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
Diabetes Mellitus
(Type I)
How is it treated?
What age group is most
commonly effected?
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system

42. Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
Diabetes Type II
Compare Type I to Type II
diabetes
How is Type II diabetes treated?
Discuss some of the complications
of diabetes?
Why does this happen?
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system

43. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland
Acromegaly
Compare acromegaly to
gigantism.
How is acromegaly treated?

44. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland
Growth Hormone
Deficiency
(childhood)
What are some common
symptoms?
How is it treated?
Why is important to treat it
early?

45. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland
Gigantism
What causes gigantism?
What are the symptoms?
How is it treated?

46. Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Parathyroid
Tetany
(hypoparathyroid):
What are the symptoms?
What are the treatments?
Discuss complications of
tetany.
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system

47. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid Gland
Hyperthyroidism
What does hyper- mean?
Discuss the symptoms of
hyperthyroidism.
How is it treated?

48. 4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid Gland
Hypothyroidism
Compare hypo- to hyper-.
Discuss the symptoms of
hypothyroidism.
How is it treated?

49. 4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of
the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
What are the functions of the endocrine system?
What are some disorders of the endocrine system?
How do you relate the body’s hormones to the
endocrine system?
4.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the endocrine system