A slideshow specially designed for non-english teachers in engineering colleges to help them improve their vocabulary and to help them learn certain vocabulary learning and teaching techniques.
3. Name Game
Think of an adjective beginning with the
first letter of your name to describe
yourself.
Introduce yourself to others using that
adjective.
(e.g., I am Raju. I am Rational.)
Remember the adjectives others use to
describe themselves.
Introduce two or three colleagues to class.
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4. What Do You E xpect to Learn?
?
Object
AspirAtion
Limit
Intent
Disposition
Mark
Schema
Desire
Aim
Plan
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5. You will learn . . .
What is a word?
Why learn more words?
How many words does one need?
Which words to learn?
What does ‘knowing a word’ mean?
Vocabulary learning strategies
Vocabulary Games/Activities/Tips
Technical words
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6. What is a WORD?
“A unit of language, consisting of one or
more spoken sounds or their written
representation, that functions as a
principal carrier of meaning.”
one or more morphemes/phonemes
smallest unit for independent use
separated by spaces in writing
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7. Why learn more
words ?
to meet our needs
to communicate effectively
to build thoughts
to understand ideas
to contribute to human knowledge
“The more words you know, the more clearly and powerfully you will
think and the more ideas you will invite into your mind.”
- Wilfred Funk
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8. How many words to
learn?
Lexemic frequency dictionaries
o 80% of occurrences by only 20% of words
1,000 words for a basic conversation
2,000 words to survive through the day
8,000 words to converse with a European
15,000 word families for university studies
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9. Which Words to
Learn?
New Known
Important Not-so-important
Productive Receptive
can recall & use can only comprehend
in speech & writing while reading & listening
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14. Is S pelling Important?
Olny srmat poelpe can raed tihs!
cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I
was rdanieg. The phaonmneal pweor of the hmuan mnid,
aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it
deosn’t mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are,
the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteers
be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and
you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm.
Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey
lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig, huh?
Yaeh and I awlyas tghuhot slpeling was ipmorantt!
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15. Is S pelling Important?
The amount of grammer and usege arrow’s today is
shaking. Not to menshun speling. If I was a teecher,
I’d feel badly that less and less students seam to
undestand the baysic principals of good righting.
Niether the oldest high school students nor the
youngest kindergartner know prepare usege. A
stewdent offen thinks they can depend on word
procesing programs to corect they’re errors.
Know way! We should tale are childrun to study hard
like we did at they’re edge and to watch less TV then
there glassmates.
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16. Tips to Learn S pelling
1. Make the effort
2. Look closely/photo memory
3. Memorize
4. Write/type the words
5. List your difficult words
6. Use mnemonics
7. Keep a notebook
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19. Grammar
Identify the action verbs in this passage?
My cell phone rang almost immediately
after I walked into the class and started
the lesson. I had forgotten to switch it
off. Let me silence it now. Will you also
please put your phones in silent mode?
rang, walked, started, had forgotten,
switch off, silence, will put
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25. Word Learning
S trategies -1
Discover Words
Love words
Increased exposure to English
Intentional/incidental learning
Guess from contextual clues
Use the dictionary/thesaurus
Ask someone
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26. C ontextual C lues
Rather than be involved in clandestine meetings, they did
everything quite openly.
The girl who used to be very vociferous doesn't talk much
anymore.
Pedagogical institutions, including high schools,
kindergartens, and colleges, require community support to
function efficiently.
He was so parsimonious that he refused to give his own
sons the few pennies they needed to buy pencils for
school. It truly hurt him to part with his money.
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27. Us e a Dictionary
Explore a word that comes to your mind
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28. Us e a Thes aurus
Two trucks loaded with thousands of copies of Roget's
Thesaurus collided as they left a New York publishing
house last Thursday, according to the Associated Press.
Witnesses were aghast, amazed, astonished,
astounded, bemused, benumbed, bewildered,
confounded, confused, dazed, dazzled, disconcerted,
disoriented, dumbstruck, electrified, flabbergasted,
horrified, immobilized, incredulous, nonplussed,
overwhelmed, paralyzed, perplexed, scared, shocked,
startled, stunned, stupified, surprised, taken aback,
traumatized, upset. . . .
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29. Learn to A s k?
“What’s the English word for ___?”
“How do you say____ in English?”
“What does ____ mean in Hindi?”
“Is it a kind of _____ ?”
“Is it like a _____ ?”
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30. Word Learning
S trategies -2
Remember Words
Use imagery
Use meaning relations
Use word parts
Mnemonics
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32. S ynonyms &
A ntonyms
Write S for Synonyms; A for Antonyms & U for Unrelated:
1 abridge - curtail 7 archive - format
2 satiated - reverse 8 random - hungry
3 surfeit - paucity 9 ennui - boredom
4 clemency - mercy 10 fuse - mingle
5 tacit - explicit 11 random - precise
6 zenith - rain 12 finite - rigid
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33. Homonyms
Distinguish the following pairs of words:
Affect - Effect Industrial -Industrious
Desert - Dessert Loose - Lose
Elicit - Illicit Rise – Raise
Farther – Further Sensitive - Sensible
Hoard – Horde Tortuous - Torturous
Its – It’s Waver - Waiver
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34. Homophones
Find homophones for each of these words:
Allowed Grown Mail Steel
Birth Heard Nose Tale
Ceiling Idle One Veil
Dear Jewel Peace Waste
Earn Know Quarts What
Four Loan Red Yolk
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35. More Word Relations
Acronym Hypernym
Aptronym Hyponym
Contranym Pseudonym
Autonym Tautonym
Bacronym Metonym
capitonym Meronym
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36. C ollocation
Which words go with which verb?
things, sure, difference, nothing, sense, decision, mistakes, well,
homework, job, something, money, whatever, judgments,
gardening, work, mistake, copies, effort, anything
Make Do
sure money things something
a difference judgments nothing whatever
sense mistake well gardening
a decision copies homework work
mistakes effort a job anything
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37. Root Words
Match the root words with their meanings:
Root Meaning
anthrop year
bell short
arthro color
chrom war
vit believe
cred joint
brev life
ann human
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English
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38. Mnemonics
• The manners of articulation:
Stop Fooling Around Now, Learn Good Voicing
Stop, Fricative, Affricate, Nasal, Liquid, Glide, Vowel
• Argument or arguement?
Argument loses an ‘e’.
• Color Combinations
Better Get Ready When
Your Mistress Comes Back
Primary colors - Blue, Green, Red = White
Secondary colors - Yellow, Magenta, Cyan = Black
• Planets in order of distance from sun
My very easy method: just set up nine planets.
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39. Word Learning
S trategies -3
Practise Words
Written repetition
Spoken repetition
Word lists
Vocabulary notebooks
Create meaningful sentences
Link to personal experience
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40. Word A s s ociation
Remember as many as you can
Nine Swap Cell Ring Lust
Plugs Lamp Apple Table Sway
Army Bank Fire Hold Worm
Clock Horse Color Baby Sword
Desk Hold Find Bird Rock
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41. Word A s s ociation
Remember as many as you can
Horse Cat Dog Fish Bird
Orange Yellow Blue Green Black
Table Chair Desk Stool Bed
In Out With On Of
Apple Melon Banana Grape Mango
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42. Word Learning
S trategies -4
Master Words
Set word learning goals
Make conscious effort
Test yourself
Review repeatedly
Devote specific time
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44. Word Games -
A nagrams
Unscramble these words:
monday rdecaa
ytrmgoee rusiv
accioust yribna
adegnr hammcnsei
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45. Send your comments to
lionnagaraju@in.com
This slideshow is available at
www.authorstream.com/tag/lionnagaraju
www.slideshare.net/lionnagaraju
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Choose any four words, one from each column, that best describe you. Pick up one of those four words and tell your colleagues why and based on what personal evidence you consider yourself to be that.
sextant a measuring instrument for measuring the angular distance between celestial objects; resembles an octant, a sextant could be used to sight the sun at high noon in order to determine one’s latitude.
It’s necessary to have 1 Collar and 2 Socks. A pie ce of pie You h ear with your ear . Pull a par t to se par ate. Definite has 2 i’s in it T here is a place just like here . Because: Big Elephants Can Always Understand Small Elephants Cemetery has three e’s – eee! – like a scream. IN NO CENTury is murder an innocent crime. Slaughter is LAUGHTER with an S at the beginning.
Demonstrate Distinguish Drill Dictate Play games Mother tongue equals
Ready for anything Spilt personality Shut up and sit down Deep in thought Excellency Reduction Baby, you light up my world like nobody else
Jewel, joule
Contronym A word that can take two (or more) opposite meanings; e.g. fast means "moving quickly" or "fixed firmly in place", overlook means "to watch over carefully" or "to fail to notice". Aptronym A person's name that matches it's owner's occupation or character very well (either in fiction or reality); e.g. arctic explorer Will Snow , hairdresser Dan Druff . Autonym. A word that describes itself; e.g. noun is a noun, polysyllabic is polysyllabic, abbrv. is an abbreviation, word is a word. Bacronym The reverse of producing an acronym; taking a word which already exists and creating a phrase (usually humorous) using the letters of the word as initials: e.g. Build Absolutely Nothing Anywhere Near Anybody ( BANANA ), Guaranteed Overnight Delivery ( GOD ). Capitonym A word which changes its meaning and pronunciation when capitalised; e.g. polish and Polish , august and August , concord and Concord . Hypernym A word that has a more general meaning than another; e.g. in the relationship between chair and furniture, furniture is a hypernym; in the relationship between horse and animal, animal is a hypernym. Pseudonym An assumed name, especially by an author; e.g. Eric Arthur Blair wrote the novel Nineteen Eighty-Four under the pseudonym George Orwell . • Also called pen name . Tautonym. A word composed of two identical parts; e.g. pawpaw , yo-yo , tutu , bye-bye . Metonym A word designates something by the name of something associated with it; e.g. the Crown referring to the monarchy, the bottle referring to alcohol, the White House for the US executive branch. Meronym. A word that refers to a part of what another word refers to; e.g. in the relationship between leg and ankle, ankle is a meronym; in the relationship between brim and hat, brim is a meronym.
It’s necessary to have 1 Collar and 2 Socks. A pie ce of pie You h ear with your ear . Pull a par t to se par ate. Definite has 2 i’s in it T here is a place just like here . Because: Big Elephants Can Always Understand Small Elephants Cemetery has three e’s – eee! – like a scream. IN NO CENTury is murder an innocent crime. Slaughter is LAUGHTER with an S at the beginning.