communication media and its types

1. Communication Media
Presented by,
Lijomol Jose

2. Communication Media
• Communication media refers to the means of
delivering and receiving data or information.
• It is classified into 2 categories
-Guided Media
-Unguided Media

4. Guided Media
• In the form of cables, wires…
• Medium is more important
• Classified into 3
-Twisted pair wire cable
-Coaxial cable
-Optical Fiber

5. Twisted pair-wire cables
• Pairs of insulated copper wires twisted
together
• One wire carries the signal while the other
wire is grounded and absorbs signal
interference
• The least expensive type of LAN cable

7. Advantages
• Inexpensive
• Easy to work with
Disadvantages
• Limited Bandwidth
• Vulnerable to interference and noise

8. • Twisted pair wire cable divided into 2
-Shielded Twisted Pair
-Unshielded Twisted Pair

9. Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
• Metal sheathing that reduces interference
• More Expensive
• Difficult to handle (heavy, thick)

10. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
• It is cheapest
• Easy to install
• Suffers from external Electro Magnetic (EM)
interference
• E.g. Ordinary Telephone wire

11. Coaxial Cables
• Consists of an inner conductor wire surrounded
by insulation called the di-electric
• The di-electric is surrounded by a conductive
shield, which is surrounded by a non-conductive
jacket
• The shield minimizes electrical and radio
frequency interference
• It is the primary type of cabling used by the cable
TV industry and is also widely used for computer
networks

13. Advantages
• Better data transmission rate than twisted pair.
• Easy to install
• High bandwidth
• Excellent noise-immunity

14. Disadvantages
• Higher cost compared to twisted pair
• Difficult to work with
• Cable may easily get damaged

15. Fiber Optic Cable
• Consist of bundle of glass threads which is
capable of transmitting messages modulated
onto light waves
• Many extremely thin strands of glass or plastic
bound together in a sheathing which transmit
signals with light beams
• Can be used for voice, data and video systems

17. Advantages
• Greater capacity
• Smaller size and weight
• Thinner and lighter than metal wires
• Lower noise
• Data can be transmitted digitally rather than
analogically
• Popular technology for LAN

18. Disadvantages
• Cables are expensive to install
• More fragile than wire

19. Unguided Media
• In the form of radio signals, micro waves,
infrared rays…
• Classified into 3
-Radio wave
-Microwave
-Infrared

20. Radio wave
Data signals are digitized and transformed into
radio-frequency electromagnetic fields

21. Advantages
• Cheap form of communication
• Far good for long distance
Disadvantages
• It has low frequency
• It can't transmit a lot of data at one time.

22. Microwave
Information is converted to a microwave signal,
sent through the air to a receiver, and recorded.

23. Advantages
• Multiple channels available
• Wide bandwidth
Disadvantages
• Line-of-sight will be disrupted if any obstacle,
are in the way
• Signal absorption by the atmosphere
• Towers are expensive to build

24. Infrared
• This type of transmission uses infrared light to
send data
• It transmits data through air and can propagate
throughout a room, but will not penetrate
walls.
• It is common in PDAs(Personal Digital
Assistants)
• E.g. TV remotes, wireless speakers etc.,.

25. Advantages
• Inexpensive compared to other technologies
• Works well over a short distance
Disadvantages
• Low Bandwidth

26. THANK YOU