The benefits of IBM FlashSystems

The benefits of
FlashSystems

Luca Comparini
IBM STG Lab Services EMEA

IBM

Objective

Agenda
–
–
–

–

–

Introduction and Context
Why Flash, Why IBM
Business Value of using Flash
– OLTP
– OLAP
How applications could benefit from Flash
– DB2
– Oracle
– VDI
– SAP
Economics of Flash (TCO / ROI examples)

© Copyright IBM Corporation 2014

2

Current IT Infrastructure Challenges

CPU performance has grown 10x in the last decade
CPU performance 8 – 10x increase
DRAM Speed 7 – 9x
Network Speed 100x
Bus speed 20x

Storage has grown capacity, but unable to keep up in performance
Disk Speed 1.2x increase
Systems are now Latency and IO bound
Resulting in a significant performance gap


3

Client responses to Performance Gap

Most Costly &
Volatile

HDD
Performance
Enhancement

Add More
Memory

Wasteful, Expensive
& Ineffective with
Storage Latency
Issues

Tune &
Modify
Application

Time Consuming,
Very Expensive &
Risky

Typical
Performance
Mitigation
Tactics
Expensive &
Ineffective for
Storage
Performance Issues

Add CPUs


4

Maximize / Optimize CPU utilization
... by reducing Latency


5

The cost of latency – people do not like to wait

Google:
0.4 seconds more, 20% traffic drop


Amazon:
1ms delay, $4.8 million in lost sales

6

More on latency...

A 1-SECOND

DELAY
IN PAGE
LOAD TIME

$

=

7%

11%

16%

LOSS
IN CONVERSIONS

FEWER
PAGE VIEWS

DECREASE
IN CUSTOMER
SATISFACTION

In dollar terms, this means that if your site typically earns $100,000
a day, this year you could lose $2.5 million in sales.
Source: Aberdeen Group

1 microsecond to 1 second is like 1 second is to 11.5 days


7

Today's lesson: show the economics of Flash

If you consider price per TB (terabyte), FlashSystem storage is more expensive than SSD and HDD. However, if speed is important, flash configurations
are cheaper. When evaluating a storage solution, always consider the total cost of ownership and the return on your investment. Storage solutions often
affect the entire environment. For example, if you use FlashSystem storage to meet requirements that cannot be met with scale-out storage, you might
also be able to eliminate costly hardware and software licenses. When you simplify your storage environment, you can reduce the resources and
expense required to administer it.
Also consider how faster storage can improve application performance and reduce costs. Faster storage can decrease transaction time, improve the rate
of transactions, and increase revenue. FlashSystem storage products can also help you reduce requirements for energy, cooling, and floor space.
As shown, clients report over a 30% cost savings by using FlashSystem storage as compared to disk. They also experience up to 38% overall lower
software license costs due to fewer cores and lower software maintenance, and note as much as a 50% improvement in storage utilization, lower
maintenance, and ease of management. With an improvement of 17% fewer servers, environments have fewer cores and network connections, and
therefore lower maintenance costs. Lower operational support costs achieved by using less power, cooling, and required floor space result in up to a
35% savings.


8

What is Flash Memory
Flash memory is constantly-powered nonvolatile memory that can be erased and reprogrammed.
Flash memory’s name comes from the erasure technique used where a section of memory cells
are erased in a single action or "flash“.
Flash memory is used to store data in consumer electronics:
–
cell phones, tablets and newer laptops.


9

Flash Quality Considerations
Flash type matters. Choose based on workload.
Multi Level Cell / Enterprise-grade MLC / Single Level Cell


10

IBM Differentiators

Extreme
Performance

MicroLatency™

• SLC and eMLC
• Capacity varies from 1-10 TB for
710/810 and from 6-24 TB for
720/820
• High Availability option
available with 5-20 TB capacity for
720/820
• Up to 570K IOPS
• 5 GB/s Bandwidth

• Low latency of 100 µs (read)
and 25 µs (write)
• Purpose-built, highly
parallel design
• Maximize host CPU efficiency
and productivity

Macro Efficiency

Superior Protection: Beyond Disk RAID

Enterprise
Reliability

• 1U form factor- minimal footprint
for best of breed ROI
• Two dual-port 8 Gb Fibre
Channel controllers or dual-port
40Gb QDR InfiniBand
controllers
• 400 watt power draw
• Hot Swap flash modules
enabling uninterrupted operations

• Variable Stripe RAID™ to
protect against chip failure
• Redundancy for power, data,
and management
• 2D Flash RAID eliminates
single point of failures
• Available integrated spare
flash card limiting down time
• Error Correcting Code
(ECC) at chip level


Variable Stripe Sizes
Read Disturb Mitigation
Automatic Read Sweeper
High-Speed Clock Recovery

Protection Within
And Across Flash
Modules

Advanced
Engineering =
Less
Maintenance

Self-Recovering Flash
Modules
Avoid system rebuilds.

11

IBM's Disk to Flash Storage Spectrum
Flash Optimized

IBM FlashSystem
High capacity optimized flash storage system

100
MicroSeconds

IOPS

Flash Adapters
High IOPs Performance

Solid State Disk
I/O performance in HDD form factor

<1
MilliSeconds

‘Hybrid’ HDDs with flash
Improved I/O with spinning media capacities
15k SAS Hard Disks
High performance spinning media
7.2k SAS Hard Disks
Capacity / Cost


5-15
MilliSeconds

12

Latency

Flash Drawers
High IOPs Performance

Example from IBM Research: 20M IOPS
http://ibmresearchnews.blogspot.fr/2013/04/mission-impossible-not-for-these-ibm.html
2 Racks: 10 p730 + DB2 + IBM FlashSystem


13

1 Petabyte, 1 Rack

• 1 Petabyte: 1 Floor Tile
• 100 microsecond latency
• 22 Million IOPS
• 210 GB/s
• 12.6 KW power
Less power than the
average 200TB array

22 Million IOPS Alternative


14

SSD vs Flash
SSD is not Flash
–
–
–
–
–

Flash inside a Disk Enclosure
Controllers designed for Disk
Data protection outside SSD
Data Path handled by OS/Controllers outside SSD
Controller saturation limits scale

SSD vs Flash: added latency
–
–
–
–
–

Controllers
SW Layers
SAS Controllers HDD
Tiering
Shared Data Path

SSD is common in Hybrid Arrays
–
–
–
–

Focus is to maintain functionality and consolidation
Focus on Tiering and Data Movement
SSD competes with all other disks for resources
SSD is a band-aid


15

Using FlashSystem : why and how
Why:
– Designed to deliver the lowest latency
– Designed to deliver the highest IOPS
– With the best of efficiency
• Better economics
• Low power consumption
• Small footprint

How:
As standard shared primary data storage device, to deliver performance exponentially
beyond that of most traditional array
As top tier of storage alongside traditional arrays in tiered storage architecture
(EasyTier in SVC storage virtualization platform)


16

Using FlashSystem : when
When:

To reasons to use Flash:
–

–

Decrease overall response times

–

Increase efficiency and use
across the IT stack

–


Supplement existing
infrastructure: assign
FlashSystem storage IOPhungry, latency sensitive,
business critical workloads

Improve storage performance

17

Business Value of FlashSystem products
Use FlashSystem for:
–
–
–
–
–
–

Online Transaction processing (OLTP)
Business Intelligence (BI)
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)
High Performance Computing (HPC)
Content delivery solutions (such as cloud storage and video on demand)

Most common Industries:
–
–
–
–
–

Financial
E-Commerce, Retail
HPC
Telecom, Media providers
Government


18

Flash with OLTP (Online Transaction Processing)
http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/tips0973.html
OLTP workloads are characterized by small, interactive transactions that generally require subsecond response times. The
key performance indicator (KPI) of the transactional system is latency, because the user expects to receive the requested
product information or to place an order quickly. Inability to meet these user expectations leads to customer dissatisfaction and
revenue loss. IBM flash storage addresses these challenges by providing low latency, extreme performance, and efficient
transaction management.
For most OLTP systems, the processor, memory, and I/O subsystem in a server are well balanced and are not considered
performance bottlenecks. The major source of performance issues in OLTP environments is typically related to the storage I/O
activity. The speed of traditional hard disk drive (HDD)-based storage systems does not match the processing capabilities of the
servers. As a result, often a situation occurs where a powerful processor sits idle, waiting for the storage I/O requests to
complete, negatively impacting user and business productivity. The negative impact on productivity extends the time to
return on investments (ROI) and increases overall total cost of ownership (TCO). Therefore, storage IOPS performance and
latency become strategic considerations for business. It is critical to ensure that the response time goals are met and that
performance optimization is realized for other system resources (processor and memory).
FlashSystem storage systems address the challenges in the following ways:
–
Boosting the performance of existing applications and lowering cost per IOPS ratio without a need for
rearchitecture
–
Increasing user productivity with better response times, improving business efficiency
–
Reducing the number of solution components and shortening batch processing and backup times
–
Reducing TCO, by Increasing storage performance and capacity while decreasing power, cooling, and space
•
Better CPU usage means reducing footprint, hence software license
–
Faster ROI because of better resource usage


19

Flash with OLAP (Online Analytical Processing)
You commonly use data warehouses are with OLAP workloads in decision support systems, such as financial analysis. Unlike
OLTP, OLAP queries are typically complex, and they process large volumes of data from multiple sources. Accurate, realtime operational data is critical for analytics.
OLAP databases are normally separated from OLTP databases and tend to consolidate historical and reference information
from multiple sources. Queries are submitted to OLAP databases to analyze consolidated data from different points of view to
make better business decisions in a timely manner.
For OLAP workloads, a fast response time is critical to ensure that strategic business decisions can be made quickly in
dynamic market conditions. Delays can significantly increase business and financial risks. Usually, decision making is stalled or
delayed because of a lack of accurate, real-time operational data for analytics, which means missed opportunities for the
following reasons:
–
Inability to gain insight into a business
–
Inability to predict business outcomes
–
Explosion of volume, variety, and velocity of information
With FlashSystem analytics can be based on real-time data, and not yesterday’s news.


20

Extreme Performance – accelerate DB2

The environment:
– DB2 10.5: 10 x 8cores
cluster members
– Power 780: 4 x nodes
128cores, 2TB memory
– FlashSystem 820: 4 x 1U
units, 20TB each


21

DB2 and Flash best practices

What to put on Flash disks:
–

the entire Database if
• High number of concurrent users
• Frequent random access to all tables
• Small to Medium size Databases
• Large read intensive Databases
• Business Critical applications, such as order entry, online banking, high transactions

– Transaction Logs
Should be stored on the fastest disk possible
– Temporary Table Space
Used when multi-table joins; to contain sorts that are too large to fit in memory; …)
– Frequently accessed tables
Sometimes, just 5% - 10% of tables account for a large percentage of all database activity, and therefore, I/O
to storage. When a large number of users hit a table, they are likely going after different records and
different attributes. As a result, the activity on that table is random. Disk drives are notoriously bad at
servicing random requests for data. In fact, the peak performance of a disk drive drops as much as 95%
when servicing random transactions.


22

DB2 and Flash best practices
http://www-03.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/TD106159

Preferred reads:
To accelerate larger portions of the database, you can use a technique that involves mirroring of the entire
database, or portions of the database (indexes and some table spaces) and using the copy that resides
on flash storage to be the primary or preferred read copy.
There are several ways to implement preferred read:
– IBM System Storage® SAN Volume Controller mirroring
– Logical Volume Manager (LVM) mirroring.


23

DB2 and Flash - best practices (continued)


24

Extreme Performance – accelerate Oracle
Customer Challenge – Most Oracle applications are highly readintensive. As such, additional processing power alone does little or
nothing to improve performance. By placing all read data on low
latency flash storage, reads will be performed much faster,
boosting Oracle performance by up to 12x over conventional disk
systems with no tuning or changes to code or system architecture.

•

Delivers Extreme Performance,
Macro Efficiency, and Enterprise
Reliability for

IBM FlashSystem shared flash storage systems will
–
Decrease I/O wait time in mission critical Oracle workloads
–
Deliver the lowest latency available on any SAN platform
–
Accelerate commonly I/O-bound workloads, including
transactional, batch and complex analytics

IBM FlashSystem is a perfect alternative to ExaData.


25

Extreme Performance – accelerate VDI
•

•

Customer Challenge - virtualized servers and virtual desktop
infrastructure (VDI) push conventional storage systems to their
performance limits. The result? Poor application response times
and a bad customer experience. Introducing an IBM FlashSystem
into virtualized environments will result in up to 16x faster
response times for the most common virtualized applications.
Couple this performance to the ‘log on’ or ‘boot’ storm and make
system use productive again.

Reliability for

IBM FlashSystem shared flash storage systems will
–
Virtualize databases without performance loss
–
Eliminate I/O density and hot spot issues that are
common to highly virtualized environments
–
Control and mitigate ‘log on’ or ‘boot’ storm
performance issue
–
Deliver storage consolidation without sacrificing
performance, thus driving a higher V:P ratios thus
increasing server utilization


26

Extreme Performance – accelerate SAP
Customer Challenge – The vast majority of the world’s SAP
databases consume less than 2TB of Storage. SAP is
pushing clients to accelerate performance by adopting the
HANA in-memory database architecture. This often leads to a
significant re-architecture of the entire SAP infrastructure,
which drives high cost and a risk of disruption in service
delivery.

•

IBM FlashSystem shared flash storage systems will:
–
Eliminate I/O bottlenecks in mission critical SAP
workloads
–
Provide the lowest latency of any SAN-based storage
solution for time-sensitive workloads with IBM
MicroLatency™
–
Enable a small, cost-effective pool of flash storage to
deliver extreme performance improvements
–
Support a phased approach to HANA adoption by
delivering consistently higher performance for SAP
BW workloads with no re-architecture required.


Reliability for

&

27

Economics of FlashSystem
Customer challenges:
–
–
–
–

Accelerate Order Processing Time
Optimize IT Costs
Ensure High Availability
Ability to scale current environment by 10x


28

Thank you
IBM


The benefits of IBM FlashSystems

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