1. IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN
Assignment:
The political situation of subcontinent
Submitted by;
Abdul Qadoos khan (2010-1142)
lawanijanan@gmail.com
2. TABLE OF CONTENT
a) Hindi Urdu controversy
b) Arya Smaj a) Khilafat movement
c) Dar-Uloom-i-Deoband b) Non cooperation
d) Anjuman-i-Himayat-i- Movement
islam Lahore c) Hijerat movement
e) Formation of AINC d) Chauri Chaura Tragedy
f) All India Muslim League e) Simon commission
g) The partition of Bengal f) Nehru Report
h) The congress- League g) Quaid fourteen points
pact or Lucknow pact of h) Round table conferences
1916 i) Government of India Act,
i) Montage-chelmsford 1935
reforms 1919 j) 1937 elections and
Congress ministries
3. HINDI URDU CONTROVERSY
Urdo was intoduced as an official language
of the subcontenent in 1825 which arrouse
Hindu antagonism against Urdu
In 1867 Hindi Urdu controversy campaigning
was started in Banaras.
This was the first apple of discord which was
sown among the two communities of
subcontinent
4. HINDI URDU CONTROVERSY
Hindu demonstrated against urdu and
demanded it replacement with Hindi
Urdu was slowly scraped by Hindi with the
help of British rulers
5. ARYA SMAJ
In 1877 Arya smaaj was established
Its main motto was to convert those Muslim
who were Hindu but change their religion to
Islam
6. DAR-ULOOM-I-DEOBAND
Start Functioning from 14 april 1866 in a
small mosque of sarhang.
Jamiat ul ulma I hind was the political
production of Deoband
Jamiat was the supporter of the political
philosophy of Congress till the Foundation of
Pakistan
8. ANJUMAN-I-HIMAYAT-I-ISLAM LAHORE
Established on 24th september 1884 in
Lahore
Islamia colleges in all over pakistan are the
invention of Anjuman
Muthi bhar Ata scheem was started in the
streets of lahore for financial support
9. FORMATION OF AINC
The Indian National Congress was
established in 1888
Allan Octavian Hume was the founder of NIC
and a former secrtory of the Govt of India
AINC was the voice of nation i.e hindus and
muslims in theory but was not in practical
10. ALL INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUE
Established in 30 December 1906 in the
Daca
The delegation was engineered by the
principle of Ali Garh college Mr. Archbold
11. OBJECTIVES OF AIML
Foster a sense of loyelty to British
Government
Lookofter the political interest of Muslims of
India
To bring about better understanding between
Muslims and other communities
12. OBJECTIVE OF FOUNDATION OF AIML & INC
Both foundation of political parties of
subcontenent were the ideas and support of
British rulers
It main purpose was to established and
attempts to sow the seeds of conflicts among
the two nations
13. PURPOSE OF FOUNDATION OF AIML & INC
The two main pupose of producing political
parties of in subcontenent was that at one
side
British want political development in India
And the second one was that
Indulging the electoral in dividing to prolong
their ruling in india
14. THE PARTITION OF BENGAL
The partition schem was announced on 1st
september of 1905
Bengal was one of the biggest province of
British India from population point of view
The new province called eastern Bengal and
Assam
The partition was cancelled in 1911 on behalf
INC
15. The congress was not in the favor of partition
According to their thinking it was the dividing
the Indian nation
16. THE CONGRESS- LEAGUE PACT OR LUCKNOW
PACT OF 1916
In december 1916 INC and AIML for the first
time in the history of india, held their joint
session in Lucknow presided by Muhmmad
Ali Jinnah
At that time Jinnah was the ambassador of
unity of both communities
17. IMPORTANT RECOMNDATION OF LUCKNOW
PACT
Formulate the ways of election both in
provincial as well as in central legislative
Reservation of seats in those provencies in
which muslims are in minorities
And also election will b held on separate
basis
Protection of minorities in majority provinces
18. MONTAGE-CHELMSFORD REFORMS 1919
Bicameral ligeslative was established in the
centre, combination of upper house ( Council
of State) the Lower house (Central
legislative)
The Uper house member was elected for 5
years and the lower house for 3 years
Separate election was retained for the
Muslims
19. KHILAFAT MOVEMENT
When the first world war broke out on July
28, in 1914 the Ottoman Empire fight against
the allies .
Allies were consist of France Russia and
Britain
Sultan Abdul Majid was the ruler at that time
of Khilafat
The first world war ended with the allies
emerging as conqurer
20. KHILAFAT COMMITTEE
Hakim Ajmal Khan and Dr. M.A Ansari
formed a khilafat conference in 1918 and
make commmitte for the maintannce of
peace in Muslim countries
Ali Brothers were the main figure of that
committee
21. NON COOPERATION MOVEMENT
IN December 1920 congress and khilafat
combindly start non cooperation movement
Gandhi was the person behind the idea of
non cooperation movement
While Quaid E Azam was not in the favor of
Non cooperation movement
Quaid E Azam resign from Congress in 13
April 1923
22. HIJERAT MOVEMENT
Mulana Abu al kalam and Maulana Abdul
Bari issued Fatwa that India was a Dar-ul-
Harb ( home of War)
Nearly eigteen thousand muslims left their
houses and migrated to Afghanistan
23. CHAURI CHAURA TRAGEDY
The people of chauri chura start procession
in 1922, and refused to pay govt taxes
The protester fired at a police station and
burnt 21 police persons alive
After this incident Gandhi call off non
cooperation movement
24. IMPACTS OF KHILAFAT MOVEMENT
Gandhi’s unilateral decision of calling off non
cooperative movement did irreparable
damage to khilafat movement
The failure of khilafat movment brought an
end to the muslim hindu unity which was the
result of great efforts of Quaid in lacknow
pact
25. SIMON COMMISSION
In 1927 the British governament appointed a
commission under Sir John Simon to report
on the constitutional progress of India for
introducing more reforms
Congress and a section of league headed by
Quaid was not in the favor to corporate with
the commission
26. NEHRU REPORT
After the failure of Simon commission, Moti
Lal Nehru presented a scheme for the
constitutional reforms which was published in
August 1928 called as Nehru report
27. RECOMMENDATIONS OF NEHRU
Self governing
Separate elctorat replaced to joint electorat
sindh shuld be separated from mumbi
Foreign affairs, defense and army should be
place under the controlled of parliament and
viceroy
Hindi should be made as an Official
Language
28. QUAID FOURTEEN POINTS
In reply to Nehru repots Quaid decided to
give his own formula for the constitutional
reforms in the meeting of Muslim league in
1929
29. IMPORTENT FEATURES OF FOURTEEN POINTS
Constitution should b federal and the
residuary powers vested in the provinces
In the central legeslative muslimes
representation should not be less than one
third
There should be one third representation of
muslims in both assemblies i.e in provincial
as well as in central cabinet
30. ROUND TABLE CONFERENCES
The simon commission report was published in
March, 1930
The report invited criticism from all parties of the
india and congress in its annual meeting
decided to launch a disobedience movement
under Gandhi leadership in april, 1930
The govt however did not in the favor to
confront the political parties so decided to hold a
round table conference in which all parties are
invited to present their point of view
31. FIRST ROUND TABLE CONFERENCE
The first session of round table conference
began in London on 12th November,1930
All parties form all over India were represented
except Congress
Approval of the federal system for India
Ended on 19th January, 1931
The British prime minister issued a statement
that the govt had accepted the proposal for full
responsible govt in the provinces and in federal
system in the center
32. SECOND ROUND TABLE CONFERENCE
From 7th September 1931 to 1st December
1931 in London
Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Gandhi were
the main personalities in this conference
Minority issues are discussed in the 2nd
round conference
Ended with out any conclusion due to Gandhi
rigid attitude towards minorities
33. THIRD ROUND TABLE CONFERENCE
began on 17th November and ended on 24th
November 1932
Gandhi started civil disobedience movement
once again and congress was not presented
in the conference
Its ended without any solution of the two
communities
34. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT, 1935
Round table conferences ended without any
solution to the problems of india but it
illustrated the major problems of the Indian
people and the government sought out the
solution of the problems on the name
Government of India act 1935
35. SILENT RECOMMENDATIONS OF ACT
Fedral system was introduced in Act
More authorities to the provinces
India divided in 11 parts or provinces
Responsible parliamentary system was
introduced
Special power was given to the governor of
the province for the protection of the rights of
minorities
36. 1937 ELECTIONS AND CONGRESS MINISTRIES
Under 1935 act provincial election were held.
There were 1771 provincial seats of the
provincial assemblies which were to be filled
by the election
Congress ahieved a big victory and managed
to get clear majority in five provinces
Congress took office in 8 provinces
37. CONGRESS ATROCITIES ON THE MUSLIMS
1. bande matram
2. Wardha scheme
3. Hoisting of the three coloured flag
4. Widdia mander scheme
5. Hindu Muslim riots
6. Muslim mass contact