1. Presentation by
Laraib Ayesha

2. • Most common cause of iron deficiency anaemia
Absent or decresed iron stores.
Depletion of stores + low serum + ferritin

3. • Absorbtion in duodenum and upper jejnum
• Transferrin transports iron to the cells
• Ferritin and hemosiderin store iron.
• 10% of daily iron is absorbed
• Body iron is present in Hb
• Reticuloendothelial system store iron released from
Hb as ferritin and hemosiderin.
• Total amount of body iron = 3-5g
• Normal diet contain = 15 mg/day

4. • Iron conc =50-150ug/dl
• Total iron binding capacity=250-370ug/dl
• serum Transferrin=2-4g/l
• Ferritin conc=50-300ug/l
• Male: 1mg
• Female: 2-3mg
• Pregnant women:3-4mg

5. • Chronic blood loss
• Increased demand
• Malabsorbtion of iron
• Inadequate iron intake
• Intravascular hemolysis
Hemoglobinuria-hemosiderinuria

6. • Fatigue
• Angular somatitis
• Plummer vinson syndrome
• Gastric atrophy
• Nail changes
(a) Brittle/fragility
(b) Koilonchia/spooning
• Hair loss
• splenomegaly

7. • Hb,Htc,RBC:Low
• MCV,MCH,MCHC:Low
• RDW: High
• Retics: Normal/Low
• Plt:Normal/Low/High
• WBC:Normal/Low
• Smear:
Hypochromia,anisocytosis,microcytosis,
poikilocytosis

8. Peripheral blood
smear of a patient
with severe iron
deficient anaemia.
Note the
important
microcytosis
(compare red
blood cells with
lymphocyte) as
well as
hypochromia,
target cells, and
poikilocytosis

10. • Serum Iron:  (N: 60 – 180 μg/dL)
• TIBC:  (250 - 430 μg/dL)
• Serum Ferritin 
• Transferrin saturation (Fe/TIBC):  (<15%)
<5%:definitely indicates iron deficiency
• Serum Transferrin Receptor: 
• Free Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin  (17 – 27 μg/dL)
• Bone marrow :
– Erythroid hyperplasia,
– Absence of hemosiderin

12. – Iron deficiency anemia
– Thalassemia ,HbC,HbE etc
– Sideroblastic anemia
– Lead poisoning
– Anemia of chronic diseases (sometimes)