2. Objectives:
As a result of successfully completing this chapter, students will be able to:
Explain the role of Central Service Technicians in a healthcare facility’s
infection prevention and control efforts.
Discuss personal hygiene and personal protective equipment
precautions that enable Central Service Technicians to protect patients and
themselves.
Define the term, “Standard Precautions,” and review its role in preventing
the transmission of infectious organisms.
List key elements in the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard published by
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).
3. Objectives:
Describe basic environmental concerns as Central Service work areas
are designed.
Review environmental aspects of Central Service work procedures that
impact infection control:
Traffic control
Work area cleanliness
Workflow
Define the terms, “asepsis,” and “aseptic technique,” and review the
five basic principles of asepsis.
4. Infection Prevention and Control
Goals of Central Service
Eliminate and/or destroy all potentially
infectious contaminants present on
reusable instruments and equipment.
Safely distribute reusable and single-use
items required for the delivery of patient
care.
Establish and enforce standards for
decontamination, disinfection, and
sterilization in various healthcare
settings.
5. Medical Devices that have not been
properly handled, disinfected or
sterilized…
…can cause infections in
patients and staff
6. Each Year
Approximately 10%
of patients
hospitalized
develop a
healthcare facility-
associated infection
7. The primary purpose of the
Central Service Department is
to stop the spread of disease-
producing microorganisms in
the healthcare facility
8. Appropriate Attire for
Central Service
A facility-issued scrub
uniform
Hair covering that covers
all head and facial hair
except eyebrows and
eyelashes
Shoes with non-skid soles
9. Hand Hygiene
Remove Watches
and other Jewelry
before entering the
work area.
Wash hands with
soap and water or
use an alcohol-
based hand rub
10. Personal Protective Equipment
Required by OSHA for
Technicians in the
Decontamination area:
General purpose utility
gloves
A fluid-resistant
covering with sleeves
Full face protection.
Shoe covers
13. OSHA BloodBorne
Pathogen Standard
Written Exposure Control Plan
Training upon initial hire and annually thereafter
Hepatitis B Vaccine offered at no cost to
employees
Observance of Standard Precautions
Use of Engineering and Work Practice Controls to
reduce risks
14. OSHA BloodBorne
Pathogen Standard
Provision of Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE) at no cost to the
employee
Provision of a clean and sanitary working
environment
Use of appropriate Biohazard signs and
labels to identify contaminated items
Rigid containers for sharps disposal
15. OSHA BloodBorne
Pathogen Standard
Covered, puncture-proof containers for
the transport of contaminated items.
Provision of medical evaluation and
treatment if an employee experiences an
exposure
Properly maintained medical and training
records.
16. The Physical Design of the
Central Service Department
Physical Barriers
(walls) between clean
and dirty areas
A method to reduce
the likelihood that
airborne bacteria can
be transmitted from
the decontamination
area to the clean
areas
S1
S2
S3
DecontaminationArea
PackagingArea
ProcessingArea
Sterile Goods
Storage Area
t
Sterile Goods
Issuing Point
S1
S2
S3
DecontaminationArea
PackagingArea
ProcessingArea
Sterile Goods
Storage Area
t
Sterile Goods
Issuing Point
17. The Use of Air Pressure to
Control Airborne Bacteria
Clean Area
Positive Air Pressure
Decontamination Area
Negative Air Pressure
Airflow
19. Work Area Requirements
Decontamination
Temperature: 60°F to 65°F (16°C to 18°C)
Humidity: 30% to 60%
Air Exchanges: 10 per hour
Preparation and Packaging
Temperature: 68° F to 73° F (20° C to 23° C)
Humidity: 30% to 60%
Air Exchanges: 10 per hour
Clean/Sterile Storage
Temperature 75° F or lower (24° C or lower)
Humidity: Less than 70%
Air Exchanges: 4 per hour
21. Other Requirements:
Open Rack
storage systems
should have a
solid bottom to
prevent
contamination
during
housekeeping
tasks
22. Traffic Control
Traffic control requirements must be
enforced for everyone
Dress codes for all areas apply to
everyone
23. Traffic Control Designations
Biohazard – OSHA-required PPE
Unrestricted – Normal Traffic areas, cafeteria, waiting rooms,
etc. Street clothes may be worn
Semi-Restricted – Clean assembly and storage areas,
access corridors to operating rooms, etc. Surgical scrub attire
and hair covering required
Restricted – Areas where sterile procedures are performed.
Surgical scrub attire, hair covering, and masks required.
*Persons working within the sterile field will have additional
requirements
24. What to Wear
CS Dress Requirement Review
Decontamination
Area
Clean Assembly
and
Sterile Storage
Operating
Room
Non-restricted
Hallways and
Offices.
Cafeteria, etc.
Surgical Scrubs and OSHA-required PPE
Surgical Scrubs and Hair Covering
Surgical Scrubs, Hair Covering, Masks may be required
Regular Street Attire
25. Environmental Cleaning
Floors should be wet-mopped at
least daily
Work surfaces should be cleaned
at least daily
Light fixture should be cleaned at
least every 6 months
Walls cabinets and racks should
be cleaned on a regularly
scheduled basis
26. Cleaning Sterile Storage Areas
Remove all sterile items from the
cart, rack, or cabinet
Thoroughly clean the unit using
the cleaning solution
recommended by the healthcare
facility.
Allow the storage unit to dry
thoroughly.
Carefully place items back in their
designated location.
Record the cleaning date in the
department’s cleaning log.
32. Principles of Asepsis
Asepsis – The absence
of microorganisms that
cause disease
Aseptic Technique –
Any activity or procedure
that prevents infection or
breaks the chain of
infection
34. Surgical Asepsis
Procedures performed
to eliminate the
presence of all
microorganisms
and/or to prevent the
introduction of
microorganisms into
an area
35. Principles of Asepsis
1. Know what is Dirty.
2. Know what is Clean.
3. Know what is Sterile.
4. Keep the 3 conditions separate.
5. Remedy contamination immediately.
38. You Can Manage the
Environment by:
Following All Infection Control
Protocols
Recognizing Contamination and
Correcting the Situation
Paying Close attention to Detail
39. Controlling the Spread of
Microorganisms…
…is the responsibility of
every Central Service
Technician