2. Widespread Epidemics
Epidemics
The Spanish brought small
pox, measles, and influenza
Conquistadors purposely gave
infected blankets as gifts as a
way to kill off the Native
Americans—biological warfare
Native American died in mass
number due to little immunity
Population of Indians in
Hispaniola
*1492—250,000
*1512—60,000 remained
*1562—500 left
3. THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
Global exchange of people, plants, animals ideas
and technology between Europe and the Americas
From Americas to Europe—corn, potato, beans,
pineapple, cocoa, tobacco, peanuts, and
tomatoes
From Europe to the Americas—wheat, sugar,
bananas, horses, pigs, cattle, chicken, sheep,
small pox, typhus, and measles.
5. IMPACT OF NEW
PRODUCTS
The goods brought to
the America s and to
Europe changed the
course of history.
The potato
revolutionized
Europe by providing
a reliable, starchy
food. It increased the
population of
Europe.
6. THE TRIANGLE
TRADE
Europe shipped cotton
goods, weapons, and
liquor to Africa
African slaves were
shipped to Americas
Plantation products of
tobacco, cotton, and
sugar shipped to Europe
7. THE SLAVE TRADE
Middle Passage
slave voyage from Africa
to the Americas
millions died on the
journey
Effects of the Slave Trade
ended in the 1800s
11 million Africans were
sent to the Americas
undermined the
political structure in
Africa
8. AFRICAN SLAVE
SHIP
Humans were packed
like sardines trying to
fit as many people in
as possible. Slaves
were kept in the
bottom of the ship,
chained to one
another over the long
journey.
9. The Brutality of Slavery
"The voyage, the horrors of which are beyond
description. For example, the mode of packing.
The hold of a slave vessel is from two to four feet
high. It is filled with as many human beings as it
will contain. They are made to sit down with
their heads between their knees: first, a line is
placed close to the side of the vessel; then
another line, and then the packer, armed with a
heavy club, strikes at the feet of this last line in
order to make them press as closely as possible
against those behind... Thus it is suffocating for
want of air, starving for want of food, parched
with thirst for want of water, these poor
creatures are compelled to perform a voyage of
fourteen hundred miles. No wonder the
mortality is dreadful!"
10. EXPLORATION
A TURNING POINT IN HISTORY
Mercantilism and Capitalism
European capitalism—investment of money to make a profit was becoming
more popular
Mercantilism—building up national wealth by exporting more goods than
the nation exports.
a. based on the idea that the world had a fixed amount of wealth, in
order for a nation to gain more, it had to take from another nation.
b. colonies served two purposes to the mother nation: 1. a place to take
raw materials from 2. forced colonies to but only their goods.
England, France, Portugal and Spain gained massive amount of wealth.
This strengthened their regions and led to the development of modern
day nations. As Monarchies grew stronger in Europe, the power of the
Church continued to decline.