The document describes a process that uses mechanical heat treatment to treat waste and produce energy through gasification linked to renewable energy. The process treats unsorted municipal and commercial waste to produce refined biomass fuel, recyclables, and inert materials while minimizing waste sent to landfill. The biomass fuel is then used in a gasification process to produce syngas for heat, power generation, or production of renewable transportation fuels.

1. Mechanical Heat Treatment
Linked through Gasification to
Renewable Energy.
A unique opportunity to commercialize
advanced patented technologies for the
treatment of waste to produce energy
Presented by Neil Roberts

2. Market Place Challenges
• Find an alternative local solution to large scale
waste problems
• Address high transport and rising disposal costs
• Maximise recovery/recycling of saleable products
• Convert biodegradable material into saleable fuel
• Minimise waste sent to landfill
• Linking waste to energy without mass burn
• Reduce emissions
• Provide sustainable energy to local consumers

3. Background
• Environmental matters are increasingly taking centre
stage – and general awareness is growing
• Concerns over global warming and the level of
greenhouse gas emissions are growing
• Interest in the concept of recovering energy from
‘wasted resources’ is growing
• Traditional waste treatment technologies i.e.
incineration, landfilling , composting and MBT are
losing public favour
• Unparalleled opportunities exist for those governments
that embrace new process technologies / processes

4. ALARMING FACTS
• In 30 years, 2/3 of the world’s population of 6 billion
plus people, are expected to live in urban locations
• Relying solely on the goodwill of busy people to
recycle at source is irresponsible.
• Cities are becoming increasingly high rise to
accommodate mass urban migration.
• Transient workers = limited environmental awareness
• Energy consumption may increase 50% by 2035
• 70% of energy is consumed in buildings, mainly in AC
• By 2035 only 14% of global energy consumption will
be from renewable sources.

5. Strategic and Legislative Context
• WM roads, energy, water are integral to the fabric of
modern infrastructure its not somebody else’s problem
• Limited waste avoid legislation, cheap landfill and
energy, put off high tech private sector investment.
• WM’s not a pot of gold. Private sector investors need a
supporting legislative and policy frameworks.
• Sustainable energy technologies are imperative to our
cities future success
• Consuming todays mineral resources for traditional
power generation is cheaper but at what cost to
tomorrow’s society?
• High value "exit outputs" from renewable gas and
electricity are going to become increasingly important

6. Gulf States Need
• Recycling and energy recovery technologies that don’t
solely rely on source segregation and comingled
collections
• Traditional “MBT” technologies relying on a consistent
flow of costly source segregated / comingled
collections in GCC are struggling
• Coherent planning, cohesive thinking, joined-up policy.
“otherwise WM will drift on an ad-hoc piecemeal basis.
• To stop building the wrong facilities in the wrong
places, they will become disintegrated and stranded.
• Flexible recycling facilities that are not solely reliant on
the fluctuation in supply and demand for recovered
recylates that are heavily impacted by global economics

7. Commercial drivers
• New technologies promoting high value exits, i.e.
energy-from-waste will replace traditional technologies
• "If Waste management companies don’t move into this
space, energy and heating firms will
• The recyclables market is tiny compared to energy,
bankers / investors want to see energy side figures
• Investors want 20yr + contracts. 10yrs is too short
• Gate fees must reflect savings to the community,
transport, road repairs congestion, landfill.
• Tomorrows winners will be those Governments that
encourage joined up thinking between planning depts,
power, water companies and consumers.

8. Key success factors
• Waste to energy delivers best value fastest route to
divert waste from landfill, minimize transport and
reduce the demand on overburdened power stations.
• Waste to district cooling = big environmental win.
• Automated solutions are needed that receive mixed
Municipal and Commercial Wastes, recovering
sustainable high quality saleable commodities fuels.
• Clusters of pretreatment plants feeding a central co -
located energy plant aligned with an end users.
• Sealed or underground collection facilities to prevent
scavenging of valued metals, cardboard at source.
• Carbon credits

9. A unique integration of industrial technologies
using unsorted municipal and commercial &
industrial waste
waste
combustion
MHT waste chamber
Gasification
treatment and boiler
process
plant or heat
exchanger
Hot air for Steam for
existing power Heat
stations Exchanger

10. Integrated Solutions
Fibre
Waste Waste Fuel Gas Power Energy
Supply Process Production Production Generation Consumer
Steam Heat
Generation exchanger
District
cooling
chilling
Desalination

11. Waste to recyclates and biomass fuel
Moisture
Municipal
Recyclates
solid waste MHT
(MSW) processing Biomass fuel
plant Inert landfill
1 sort screen shred mix homogeneous
feedstock
2 wet preparation hot steam processor
sanitised waste
stream (mixed)
3 separation of refined biomass, light plastics; ferrous & non-ferrous
metals, mixed plastics, glass, rubble, aggregate and residues

12. MHT in enclosed industrial building

13. MHT chimney stack

14. Unsorted Municipal Biodegradable waste

15. Typical variances in GULF State Waste Profiles:
Low moisture, high packaging and food waste
particularly in highly developed tourism centers.
• Paper 18 -25%
• Plastic 24 -40%
• Organic 22- 45%
• Metals 3%
• Glass 3- 4%
• Textiles 3-8%
• Moisture 6%

16. Feed Preparation
Municipal Solid Waste
Textile
Remover Trommel
Bulky/Hazardous items Shredder
Homogeneous Stockpile
On receipt materials are screened and oversize materials are then shredded and
homogenized with undersize materials to expose the largest surface area to treatment.

17. Heart of the Patented Process
From
Homogeneous Emissions Control
Stockpile
Air
separator
Recirculation
Fans
Heat source
Burner/Recovered
Wet Preparation Drum Patented
Processor
Processed Material
Homogenized waste is wet prepped lifted and fragmented to expose the greatest surface area
for heat treatment. Hot air is applied to the moistened materials createsing a hot steamy
atmosphere in which the commodities are sanitized and the organics are broken down into
unrefined renewable fuels. (waste water can be used)

18. Mechanical Heat Treatment
THE PROCESS

19. Standard Post Treatment Separation
Classifier Screen
Eddy Current
Non Ferrous Metals Optical Sorter Ferrous Metals
Granulator
Landfill
Plastic Film/ Mixed Unrefined
large card Plastics Biomass/fines

20. MHT Sanitized Recyclate and Refined Fuel Products

21. Patented Biomass Density Separator
Unrefined Biomass Exhaust
Air
Step 1 Step 2
Air
Variable
Control
Glass,
Rubble- Biomass with Biomass 95 -98% Light Plastics
Aggregate Plastic ‘Pure’
Refined Products

23. MHT Refined Fuel Products

24. Refined Renewable Fuel Products
 Product made to a specific end user specification
 Proven alternative to fossil fuels or expensive imports
 Huge source of currently un-used energy, non seasonal
 Renewable Electricity
- Boilers (Steam Generation)
- Gasification (Steam Generation)
 Green Heat for Energy Intensive Industries
- Cement Kilns
- Boilers
 Road Transport Fuels *
- Synthetic Diesel
- Bio Ethanol
* Dependant upon emerging technologies

25. MHT Delivers
• Solutions that identify wastes as a valuable raw material
resource rather than an unwanted commodity
• Innovative technologies based on proven engineering design,
process, systems and equipment in industrial buildings
• Direct acceptance of municipal and commercial waste with
no need for pre-sorting or source segregation
• Solution for high rise, transient societies with limited
environmental awareness where urbanization is the trend.
• Avoids expensive specialist collection receivers and vehicles.
(Massive inefficiencies exist in collection and treatment
across municipalities)
• Maximises value added recovery of premium quality
reusable, recyclate products and refined consistent, quality
biomass fuel
• Overall operating costs lower than other systems

26. MHT Delivers
• Tailors renewable fuels to precise end user specifications,
biomass calorific values of fuels can be varied
• Links the waste recycling and energy sectors
• Energy produced by the process fuels is more than 4 times that
consumed – high overall efficiency and positive energy balance
• Traditional MBT low value waste refuse derived fuels are
limited to heat generation i.e. cement markets that will be
impacted by Carbon Reduction Commitment “CRC”).
• Sustainable markets in the power generation sector to meet
growing demand for the renewable fuels
• Greenhouse gas mitigation that address global concerns about
carbon emissions
• Recovery rates exceed 90% minimising landfill residues,
extending the lifecycle of scarce landfill capacity

27. Linked Proven Technologies
• Waste collection – conventional
• Waste preparation – conventional shredding plant
• Homogenisation – conventional mineral processing
• Attrition, sanitisation and separation – proven
• Outputs (clean metals and plastics, biomass fuel and
feed to power plant) – proven
• Power generation through gasification/pyrolysis and
steam generation – proven

28. Biomass fuel to syngas and power generation
Biomass fuel Gasification Syngas
process
heat
Boiler or
Refined fuel Combustion
Gasifier heat cooling
13-18 MJ/kg Chamber
exchanger
power

29. Gasification plant

30. Power Generation – Gasification / Steam Generation
Refined Products
Heat Recovery
Electrical Generation Gasifier

31. Gasification
• Will deliver a sustainable energy economy
• A technically / economically convincing energy solution for a
carbon neutral economy.
• Uses chemical reactions at high temperatures, distinguishing it
from biological processes such as dry fermentation.
• Converts carbon materials into carbon monoxide / hydrogen.
• Reacts at high temperatures in controlled amount of oxygen.
• Resulting syngas mixture can be used to generate electricity, heat
or transformed into a diesel-like synthetic fuel.
• Uses organic materials, neither emits nor traps greenhouse gases
such as carbon dioxide.
• The secret is in refining the fuel and biomass content to within
acceptable tolerance range for gasification.

32. Modern Integrated Thinking on Best Practice in
Waste Management System
Collection, Segregation & Transport
Commercial &
Recyclates
Industrial Solid MHT Processing Plant
Waste
Municipal Solid
Waste Gasifier boiler or power
production Plant
Users of Biomass fuels
MHT & power e.g. Power Plants
Plants co-located
Landfill

33. Simplified Process Flow sheet – Waste Processing and Heat Generation
Feed
Heat Generation
Preparation
District Cooling Or Desalination Plant
Heat Recovery
(Condensers)
Recovered Heat
Thermal
Processing
Boiler &
Recyclate Turbine
Recovery
Gas Cleaning
Fuel Products
Gassifier
Buffer Store

34. Thermal recovery of energy is 3* more efficient vis
Electrical energy conversion potential
Fuel production circa 63% of waste input
If Fuel production 100,000 tonnes
Calorific Value Net 14MJ/kg
Total energy content 49MW
Thermal conversion 68% efficiency
Thermal energy potential 33.3 MWth
Electrical Conversion 34% efficiency plus grid losses.
Electrical energy 11.3 MWe

35. Heat exchange benefits compared with generating
electricity to run district cooling / desalination
• Steam turbine driven chillers are inherently variable
• Steam designed to satisfy (1/3) of cooling demand = energy
costs reduced 10-15% compared with electric chiller plants =
30% reduction in electric demand dedicated to cooling.
• Desalination plants use large amounts of energy and
specialized, expensive infrastructure and struggle to deliver
water for less than $0.60 per thousand litres.
• Kuwait was first to adopt seawater desalination, linking
electricity generation to desalination. Co-generation, re-uses
low pressure waste steam from generators to provide energy
for the desalination process minimizing energy and costs.
• SO WHY NOT USE WASTES ENERGY TO RUN DESALINATION / AC