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Basic Event Listener
1.
2.
GUI & Event •
ใน GUI เราสามารถทาอะไรได้มากมาย – คลิกเมาส์ – เลื่อน mouse wheel – กดปุ่ม keyboard – Touch แล้วลาก รวบห้านิ้ว • การทาสิ่งใด ๆ ใน GUI จะเกิดเหตุการณ์ – ทา 1 ครั้ง = สร้าง 1 เหตุการณ์ • event-driven programming แบบหนึ่ง – โปรแกรมทางานตามเหตุการณ์ที่สร้างขึ้น
3.
Listener • Listener =
ผู้รับฟัง – คอยฟังคนพูด – อาจมีโต้ตอบตามสถานการณ์ – การเป็นผู้ฟังที่ดี • Event Listener = ผู้รับฟังเหตุการณ์ – คอยฟังเหตุการณ์ (ที่ผู้ใช้สร้าง) – เมื่อมีเหตุการณ์เกิดขึ้น จะทางานตามที่กาหนด – Listener จะทาอะไร ขึ้นกับผู้เขียนโปรแกรม
4.
Listener ที่มา: http://mintclub.kobe-np.co.jp/img/present/367_1_present.JPG
5.
Event Listener • Listener
~= พนักงานรักษาความปลอดภัย – รปภ. ดูแลรักษาความปลอดภัย – Listener = รปภ. – Event = เหตุการณ์ที่เกิดขึ้น • รปภ. ตอบสนองต่อเหตุการณ์ต่าง ๆ – แลกบัตรผู้มาติดต่อ – ดูแลความปลอดภัยทุก 30 นาที – ไล่กัดขโมย
6.
Event Listener
① ② ③ ④ ที่มา: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=Q4RAXl4z0gk
7.
Event Listener • Java
API มี listener สาหรับ swing – อยู่ในรูปของ interface • แต่ละ component จะมี listener คอยจับเหตุการณ์ – ต้องเพิ่ม listener เข้าไปใน component • พูดถึง listener ที่ได้ใช้เท่านั้น – ActionListener – KeyListener
8.
Using Listener • การใช้งาน
listener มี 3 วิธี – implements กับ JFrame class – Inner class – Anonymous class • ทุกวิธีมี tradeoff – Anonymous class - listener ที่ทางานเฉพาะเจาะจง – Implements กับ class - listener ที่ทางานทั่วไป
9.
ActionListener •
Listener จับเหตุการณ์ที่มีการคลิกเมาส์ • อย่าสับสนกับ MouseListener • เพิ่ม listener ใช้ addActionListerner(L: ActionListener) • เหตุการณ์ที่ listener สามารถจับได้ Method Name หน้าที่ actionPerformed(E: ActionEvent) เมื่อ component ถูกคลิก
10.
Counter GUI public class
CounterGUI extends JFrame { private static final Font REGULAR_FONT = new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 36); private static final Font SMALL_FONT = new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 26); private int times; private JLabel lblCount; private JButton btnClick; public CounterGUI() { setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1)); lblCount = new JLabel(Integer.toString(times), SwingConstants.CENTER); lblCount.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(3, 3, 3, 3)); lblCount.setFont(REGULAR_FONT); btnClick = new JButton("Click me"); btnClick.setFont(SMALL_FONT); add(lblCount); add(btnClick); pack(); } }
11.
Counter GUI btnClick.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
{ // Anonymous Class @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { lblCount.setText(Integer.toString(++times)); } }); คลิกเมาส์ คลิกเมาส์ 1 ครั้ง 1 ครั้ง
12.
Rock – Scissors
– Paper GUI • เกม เป่า ยิง ฉุบ แบบง่าย ๆ – 0 แทนค้อน – 2 แทนกรรไกร – 5 แทนกระดาษ • เมื่อกดปุ่มเลือก หน้าจอจะแสดงผลการเป่ายิงฉุบ
13.
Rock – Scissors
– Paper GUI import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; import javax.swing.border.*; public class RSHGUI extends JFrame implements ActionListener { private static final Font REGULAR_FONT = new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 16); private JPanel wrapper; private JLabel lblPlayerResult; private JLabel lblComResult; private JButton btnHammer; private JButton btnScissor; private JButton btnPaper; public RSHGUI() { setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE); wrapper = new JPanel(); wrapper.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(new Insets(5, 5, 5, 5))); wrapper.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 3, 5, 5)); wrapper.add(new JLabel("Player", SwingConstants.CENTER)); wrapper.add(new JLabel("Computer", SwingConstants.CENTER)); wrapper.add(new JLabel()); // Dummy Component
14.
Rock – Scissors
– Paper GUI lblPlayerResult = new JLabel("-", SwingConstants.CENTER); lblComResult = new JLabel("-", SwingConstants.CENTER); wrapper.add(lblPlayerResult); wrapper.add(lblComResult); wrapper.add(new JLabel()); btnHammer = new JButton("0"); btnHammer.addActionListener(this); btnScissor = new JButton("2"); btnScissor.addActionListener(this); btnPaper = new JButton("5"); btnPaper.addActionListener(this); wrapper.add(btnHammer); wrapper.add(btnScissor); wrapper.add(btnPaper); for (Component c : wrapper.getComponents()) c.setFont(REGULAR_FONT); add(wrapper); pack(); } }
15.
Rock – Scissors
– Paper GUI @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { JButton pressedBtn = (JButton) e.getSource(); lblPlayerResult.setText(pressedBtn.getText()); int comRandResult = (int) (Math.random() * 3); lblComResult.setText(Integer.toString(comRandResult == 1 ? 2 : comRandResult == 2 ? 5 : 0)); } • ลองทดสอบผลด้วยตนเอง
16.
KeyListener •
Listener จับเหตุการณ์เมื่อกดปุ่มบน keyboard • ใช้ไม่ได้ผลกับ JFrame • เพิ่ม listener ใช้ addKeyListerner(L: KeyListener) • เหตุการณ์ที่ listener สามารถจับได้ Method Name หน้าที่ keyTyped(E: KeyEvent) เมื่อ keyboard มีการพิมพ์ keyReleased(E: KeyEvent) เมื่อปล่อยปุ่มบน keyboard keyPressed(E: KeyEvent) เมื่อกดปุ่ม keyboard
17.
KeyListener • Listener keyPressed()
เมื่อกดค้างจะทางานรัว ๆ – ระวังเมื่อใช้ listener นี้ทางาน • Listener ที่ทางานเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขข้อมูล ควรใช้ keyReleased() – เพิ่ม ลบ แก้ไข – Object instantiating • สามารถเลือกปฏิบัติเมื่อกดปุ่มตามที่กาหนดโดยใช้ if – e.getKeyCode(): int คืนค่าเป็นตัวเลขของปุ่มที่กด – KeyEvent มีค่าคงที่ของปุ่มอยู่ – if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_...) { }
18.
Hello GUI import java.awt.*; import
java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; public class HelloGUI extends JFrame { private static final Font REGULAR_FONT = new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 16); private JPanel wrapper; private JTextField txtUsername; private JButton btnSubmit; public HelloGUI() { setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); wrapper = new JPanel(); txtUsername = new JTextField(10); wrapper.add(txtUsername); btnSubmit = new JButton("Submit"); btnSubmit.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { hello(); } });
19.
Hello GUI
wrapper.add(btnSubmit); for (Component c : wrapper.getComponents()) c.setFont(REGULAR_FONT); add(wrapper); pack(); } private void hello() { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Hello " + txtUsername.getText()); } }
20.
Hello GUI
txtUsername.addKeyListener(new KeyListener() { @Override public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { } @Override public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { } @Override public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER) hello(); } }); • ทดสอบผลด้วยการพิมพ์แล้วกดปุ่ม ENTER และกดปุ่ม submit
21.
Programming Assignment • เพิ่ม
listener กับโปรแกรมเครื่องคิดเลขที่จาเป็น – ActionListener • พิจารณาถึง input ของเครื่องคิดเลข – 2+3=+4 – 2–3+2–5= – 5*2/0=
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