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Historical Comparative Acoustics and Prosodic Reanalysis: The Case of Tibetan Prosodic Typology: State of the Art and Future Prospects February 24-26, 2010 Berlin, German Nancy J. Caplow University of North Texas [email_address]
[object Object],[object Object]
Methods
History
 
Phonological classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Dialect variation and classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Comparing monosyllabic words ‘ arrow’ mda′ ‘ horse’ rta ‘ fire’ me / myi ‘ medicine’ sman Archaic  Dialects Innovative  Dialects Nda ɕta Nda  xta ta̱  tā me  sman nyi  ʰmɛn me̱  mē
Dialects
What are archaic dialects? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Correspondence with  WT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Correspondences with  WT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Correspondences with  WT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Correspondences with  WT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Note:  tonal [ ʈʰ ] + L <  WT   gr ,  dr , and  sbr cold      gr ang.mo  [ gra χ .'mo ]    [ ʈʰa̱ŋ.mo ]
Correspondences with  WT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Note:  tonal [ l ] + H <  WT   rl ,  gl ,  bl, sl flute      gl ing.bu   [ χ lɛm.'bu ]    [ lɪ̄ŋ.bū ]
Characteristics of Proto-Tibetan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Geographic distribution is intriguing  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tournadre and Dorje 2003
after Tournadre and Dorje 2003 Rebkong Amdo Balti Tokpe Gola
The similarity of the peripheral dialects ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Previous accounts of genesis of tone ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Universal physiological correlations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Implications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Summarization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Disyllabic Non-verbs
Tone in Disyllabic Non-Verbs willow tree lcang.ma bridge zam.pa brain klad.pa Balti (West) Amdo (East) ɬtʃa χ .'ma tʃāŋ.mā Tokpe Gola (Central) xtʃaŋ.'ma zam.'pa sa̱m.pā sam.'pa xlat.'pa lɛ̄t.tā ᵊ lai.'pa nak.'po sar.'pʰa na̱k.pū sām.pā nox.' χ u sʰo.'ma black nag.po new gsar.pa
 
 
 
Tone vs. Stress in Disyllabic Non-Verbs willow tree lcang.ma bridge zam.pa brain klad.pa black nag.po new gsar.pa Balti (West) Amdo (East) ɬtʃa χ .'ma tʃāŋ.mā Tokpe Gola (Central) xtʃaŋ.'ma zam.'pa sa̱m.pā sam.'pa xlat.'pa lɛ̄t.tā ᵊ lai.'pa nak.'po sar.'pʰa na̱k.pū sām.pā nox.' χ u sʰo.'ma
Stress reported for Balti ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Stress reported for Amdo ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Stress reported for Amdo ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
Minimal pairs for stress in Balti N V N V N V A V brain to be tired rope to grind bread to carry rare to clothe xlat.'pa 'xlat. pa tʰak.'pa 'tʰak. pa kʰur.'pa 'kʰur. pa ʂkøn.'mo 'skøn.ma
Borrowed nouns in Balti hotel teacher school film hospital ho.'ʈɨl  ʈi.'tʃɚ  su.'kul  ɸi.'lim  hɑs.pɨ.'ʈal
Disyllabic words in Amdo willow tree star shooting star new flat N + verbalizer: (to) snow (to) answer (to) shoot an arrow lcang.ma skar.ma skar.zla leb.leb gangs.babs lan.gyab mda′.phen
 
Stress patterns in Proto-Tibetan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Taking this a step further… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Amdo ‘willow tree’ σ 2 slope = -33 Hz / 100msec
Pitch findings – Balti Non-verbs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Balti nouns: average pitch (Hz)
Balti nouns: average pitch (Hz)
Pitch findings – Balti Non-verbs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Amdo nouns: average pitch (Hz)
Amdo nouns: average pitch (Hz)
Pitch findings – Rebkong Non-verbs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Amdo nouns: average pitch (Hz)
Amdo nouns: average pitch (Hz)
Pitch slope contrasts for speaker AR_05 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Amdo nouns: average pitch (Hz)
Amdo nouns: average pitch (Hz)
Pitch slope contrasts for speaker AR_05 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Amdo ‘willow tree’ σ 2 slope = -33 Hz / 100msec
AR_05 nouns / isolation: pitch slope
AR_05 nouns / frame: pitch slope
AR_05 nouns: pitch diff vs. slope diff
F0 findings (pitch & pitch slope) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
F0 as a correlate of stress in Proto-Tibetan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Considering intensity… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Balti nouns (isolation forms): Intensity
Balti nouns (same height): Intensity
Amdo nouns (isolation forms): Intensity
Amdo nouns (frame forms): Intensity
Amdo nouns (same height): Intensity
Intensity does not convey stress in PT ,[object Object],[object Object]
Acoustic correlates of stress ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Solution to the puzzle of tone in disyllabic  non-verbs in the tonal dialects of Tibetan
Questions?
References ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Notas do Editor

  1. Refer to handouts for Figure 5
  2. See Figure 8 and 9, for Amdo pitches
  3. See Figures 10, 11, 12, and 13
  4. See Figures 10, 11