1. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

2. CHAPTER 5: PROCESS
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3. CHAPTER OUTLINE AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES
In this chapter, you will learn to:
 recognize the difference between directional
and informational process papers, and
 write a process paragraph that contains logical
sequence, consistency in person and verb
tense, and effective transitional devices.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

4. WHAT IS PROCESS?
 Process writing explains how to do something
or describes how something happens or is
done.
A directional process is when you tell the reader
how to do something.
 An informational process is when you describe how
something happens or is done.
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5. WHAT IS PROCESS?
 A Process Involves Steps in Time Order
 Both directional and informational processes
describe something that is done in steps: a time
order.
 Hints for Writing a Process Paragraph
1. In choosing a topic, find an activity you know well.
2. Choose a topic that includes steps that must be
done in a specific time sequence.
3. Choose a topic that is fairly small.
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6. WHAT IS PROCESS?
 Hints for Writing a Process Paragraph (continued)
4. Write a topic sentence that makes a point.
5. Include all of the steps.
6. Put the steps in the right order.
7. Be specific in the details and steps.
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7. WRITING THE PROCESS PARAGRAPH IN STEPS
 PrewritingProcess—how to generate and develop
ideas for your process paragraph
 Planning Process—how to organize your ideas for
your process paragraph
 Drafting and Revising Process—how to create,
revise, and edit rough drafts of your process
paragraph
 Proofreading Process—how to proofread and make
one final check of your process paragraph
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8. PREWRITING PROCESS
 Pick a small topic.
 Then gather ideas by listing or freewriting or both.
 Use the freewriting and/or listing to help develop a
topic sentence for the process paragraph.
 Writing a Topic Sentence for a Process Paragraph
 Freewriting and a list can help you focus your
paragraph by identifying the point of your process.
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9. PLANNING PROCESS
 Use the freewriting or listing to make an outline.
 Revise the outline
 Checklist for Revising a Process Outline
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10. DRAFTING AND REVISING PROCESS
 Take the outline and write it in paragraph form to create
the first draft.
 Using the Same Grammatical Person
 The directional process speaks directly to the reader.
 Sentences in a directional process use the word
“you,” or they imply “you.”
 The informational process involves somebody doing the
process.
 Sentences in an informational process use words
like “I,” “we,” “he,” “she,” or “they” or a person’s
name.
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11. DRAFTING AND REVISING PROCESS
 Shift in person
 Shifting from describing how somebody did
something to telling the reader how to do an
activity.
 Using Transitions Effectively
 Transitions are important in process because you
are trying to show steps in a specific sequence and
connections between steps.
 INFO BOX: Transitions for a Process Paragraph
 Checklist for Revising a Process Paragraph
 The Draft
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12. PROOFREADINGPROCESS
 Check for grammar, word choice, and style that need revising.
 Lines of Detail: A Walk-Through Assignment
 Topics for Writing a Process Paragraph
 Topics for Critical Thinking and Writing
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13. WHAT IS PROCESS?
A. Explains how to do something.
B. Tells a story.
C. Shows a reader what a person, place, thing, or situation is
like.
D. Uses specific examples to support a general point.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

14. WHAT IS PROCESS?
A. Explains how to do something.
B. Tells a story.
C. Shows a reader what a person, place, thing, or situation is like.
D. Uses specific examples to support a general point.
write a process paragraph that contains logical
sequence, consistency in person and verb tense,
and effective transitional devices.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

15. A(N) ___________ PROCESS SPEAKS DIRECTLY TO THE
READER AND USES “YOU.”
A. informational
B. sequential
C. directional
D. navigational
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

16. A(N) ___________ PROCESS SPEAKS DIRECTLY TO THE
READER AND USES “YOU.”
A. informational
B. sequential
C. directional
D. navigational
recognize the difference between directional
and informational process papers
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

17. A(N) ___________ PROCESS INVOLVES SOMEBODY DOING
THE PROCESS AND USES WORDS LIKE “I” AND “WE.”
A. informational
B. sequential
C. directional
D. navigational
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

18. A(N) ___________ PROCESS INVOLVES SOMEBODY DOING
THE PROCESS AND USES WORDS LIKE “I” AND “WE.”
A. informational
B. sequential
C. directional
D. navigational
recognize the difference between directional
and informational process papers
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.