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Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
CHAPTER 23: USING VERBS CORRECTLY: STANDARD VERB
FORMS, IRREGULAR VERBS, CONSISTENCY, AND VOICE




Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
CHAPTER OUTLINE AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES

In this chapter, you will learn to:
 identify standard and irregular verb forms,

 recognize errors in verb tense or consistency, and

 distinguish between passive and active voice.




 Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
THE ROLE OF VERBS
   Verbs are words that show some kind of action or
    being.
      Verbs also tell about time. The time of a verb is
       called tense.
        Present tense, future tense, etc.

   Using Standard Verb Forms
      Nonstandard forms can be used in everyday
       conversation.


Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
THE ROLE OF VERBS
   The Present Tense
      INFO BOX: In the present tense, use an –s or –
       esending on the verb only when the subject is
       he, she, or it, or the equivalent, such as a proper
       name or a singular noun.
   The Past Tense
      The past tense of most verbs is formed by adding -d
       or –edto the verb.


Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
THE ROLE OF VERBS
   The Four Main Forms of a Verb: Present, Past,
    Present Participle, and Past Participle
     You use the four verb forms alone or with helping
      verbs to express time (tense).

    Present           Past                Present      Past
                                          Participle   Participle
    listen            listened            listening    listened


Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
IRREGULAR VERBS
   Irregular verbs do not follow the same rules as
    regular verbs.
     Be,   have, and do are irregular verbs.
 The Past Tense of be, have, and do
 More Irregular Verb Forms
     Refer    to the list of irregular verbs.



Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
CONSISTENT VERB TENSES
   Staying in one tense (unless you have a reason to
    change tenses) is called consistency of verb tense.
      Change all verbs to the same tense to avoid errors.

   The Present Perfect Tense
      The present perfect tense is made up of the past
       participle form of the verb plus have or has as a
       helping verb.
      Use this tense to show an action that started in the
       past but is still going on in the present.

Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
CONSISTENT VERB TENSES
   The Past Perfect Tense
      The past perfect tense is made up of the past
       participle form of the verb and had as a helping
       verb.
      Use this tense to show more than one event in the
       past—that is, when two or more things happened in
       the past but at different times.




Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
PASSIVE AND ACTIVE VOICE
   Passive and Active Voice
      When the subject in the sentence is doing
       something, the verb is in the active voice.
      When something is done to the subject—when it
       receives the action of the verb—the verb is in the
       passive voice.
   Avoiding Unnecessary Shifts in Voice
      Be consistent in the voice of verbs.

      Do not shift from active voice to passive voice or
       vice versa without good reason.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
A FEW TIPS ABOUT VERBS
   Verb errors that people tend to make:
     Used  to: Be careful when you write that someone
      used to do, say, or feel something. It is incorrect to
      write use to.
     Could Have, Should Have, Would Have: Using of
      instead of have is another error with verbs.
     Would Have/Had: If you are writing about
      something that might have been possible, but that
      did not happen, use had as the helping verb.

Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT
A MAIN FORM OF A VERB?

A.   past
B.   present
C.   present participle
D.   future




Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT
A MAIN FORM OF A VERB?

A.   past
B.   present
C.   present participle
D.   future




identify standard and irregular verb forms,


Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
OF THE FOLLOWING, WHICH IS AN EXAMPLE
OF A VERB IN THE ACTIVE VOICE?

 A.   I painted the car.
 B.   The car was painted by me.




 Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
OF THE FOLLOWING, WHICH IS AN EXAMPLE
OF A VERB IN THE ACTIVE VOICE?

 A.   I painted the car.
 B.   The car was painted by me.




 distinguish between passive and active voice.


 Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
OF THE FOLLOWING, WHICH IS AN EXAMPLE
OF A VERB IN THE PASSIVE VOICE?

 A.   I painted the car.
 B.   The car was painted by me.




 Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
OF THE FOLLOWING, WHICH IS AN EXAMPLE
OF A VERB IN THE PASSIVE VOICE?

 A.   I painted the car.
 B.   The car was painted by me.




 distinguish between passive and active voice.


 Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

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Chapter 23

  • 1. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 2. CHAPTER 23: USING VERBS CORRECTLY: STANDARD VERB FORMS, IRREGULAR VERBS, CONSISTENCY, AND VOICE Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 3. CHAPTER OUTLINE AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this chapter, you will learn to:  identify standard and irregular verb forms,  recognize errors in verb tense or consistency, and  distinguish between passive and active voice. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 4. THE ROLE OF VERBS  Verbs are words that show some kind of action or being.  Verbs also tell about time. The time of a verb is called tense. Present tense, future tense, etc.  Using Standard Verb Forms  Nonstandard forms can be used in everyday conversation. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 5. THE ROLE OF VERBS  The Present Tense  INFO BOX: In the present tense, use an –s or – esending on the verb only when the subject is he, she, or it, or the equivalent, such as a proper name or a singular noun.  The Past Tense  The past tense of most verbs is formed by adding -d or –edto the verb. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 6. THE ROLE OF VERBS  The Four Main Forms of a Verb: Present, Past, Present Participle, and Past Participle  You use the four verb forms alone or with helping verbs to express time (tense). Present Past Present Past Participle Participle listen listened listening listened Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 7. IRREGULAR VERBS  Irregular verbs do not follow the same rules as regular verbs.  Be, have, and do are irregular verbs.  The Past Tense of be, have, and do  More Irregular Verb Forms  Refer to the list of irregular verbs. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 8. CONSISTENT VERB TENSES  Staying in one tense (unless you have a reason to change tenses) is called consistency of verb tense.  Change all verbs to the same tense to avoid errors.  The Present Perfect Tense  The present perfect tense is made up of the past participle form of the verb plus have or has as a helping verb.  Use this tense to show an action that started in the past but is still going on in the present. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 9. CONSISTENT VERB TENSES  The Past Perfect Tense  The past perfect tense is made up of the past participle form of the verb and had as a helping verb.  Use this tense to show more than one event in the past—that is, when two or more things happened in the past but at different times. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 10. PASSIVE AND ACTIVE VOICE  Passive and Active Voice  When the subject in the sentence is doing something, the verb is in the active voice.  When something is done to the subject—when it receives the action of the verb—the verb is in the passive voice.  Avoiding Unnecessary Shifts in Voice  Be consistent in the voice of verbs.  Do not shift from active voice to passive voice or vice versa without good reason. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 11. A FEW TIPS ABOUT VERBS  Verb errors that people tend to make:  Used to: Be careful when you write that someone used to do, say, or feel something. It is incorrect to write use to.  Could Have, Should Have, Would Have: Using of instead of have is another error with verbs.  Would Have/Had: If you are writing about something that might have been possible, but that did not happen, use had as the helping verb. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 12. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A MAIN FORM OF A VERB? A. past B. present C. present participle D. future Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 13. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A MAIN FORM OF A VERB? A. past B. present C. present participle D. future identify standard and irregular verb forms, Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 14. OF THE FOLLOWING, WHICH IS AN EXAMPLE OF A VERB IN THE ACTIVE VOICE? A. I painted the car. B. The car was painted by me. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 15. OF THE FOLLOWING, WHICH IS AN EXAMPLE OF A VERB IN THE ACTIVE VOICE? A. I painted the car. B. The car was painted by me. distinguish between passive and active voice. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 16. OF THE FOLLOWING, WHICH IS AN EXAMPLE OF A VERB IN THE PASSIVE VOICE? A. I painted the car. B. The car was painted by me. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 17. OF THE FOLLOWING, WHICH IS AN EXAMPLE OF A VERB IN THE PASSIVE VOICE? A. I painted the car. B. The car was painted by me. distinguish between passive and active voice. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Editor's Notes

  1. Review chapter objectives.
  2. Discuss the role of verbs.Discuss verb tense.
  3. Discuss present tense.Share INFO BOX.Discuss past tense.
  4. Discuss the main forms of a verb: Present, Past, Present Participle, and Past Participle.Show how helping verbs express time.
  5. Discuss irregular verbs.
  6. Discuss verb tense.Discuss the Present Perfect Tense.
  7. Discuss the Past Perfect Tense.
  8. Discuss passive and active voice.Share examples.
  9. Discuss verb errors.