3. Red River Resistance
• A group of peoples living in what is now
Manitoba organized themselves against the
Canadian Government, why?
4. 1. Rupert’s Land was British controlled so
Canadian’s felt that as a British Colony they
deserved to be given control if Britain no longer
wanted to control it
2. Métis were tired of the HBC monopoly and
began trading with the USA, and this worried
Canadian annexation fears
3. Western expansion was a priority of many
Confederation politicians, especially George
Brown of Ontario (Ontario has the most seats)
4. B.C. wants to join Confederation, they just need
a link (rail road)
5. Canada Buys Rupert’s Land
• In 1869 Canada bought Rupert’s Land for
1.5 million dollars from the HBC
• None of the people living in Rupert’s Land
were consulted about the sale or to set up
any agreements about land rights or peoples
rights
• A LOT of Métis lived in the Red River area
See the map on page 274 of the tb
6. • Read pages 275-276 and answer the
respond questions
7. The Red River Resistance
• The Red River Resistance was composed of the people
living in the Red River area of Manitoba
• They included Francophone and Anglophone Métis,
Canadiens, retired HBC employees, Protestant settlers
from Ontario and Scottish and Irish settlers
• The Métis were the largest individual group of peoples in
this area
• Half the people in this area spoke English, the other half
French
• The majority of these peoples joined in the Red River
Resistance against the Canadian Government taking over
their land
8. • We are going to do a time-line of the Red-
River Resistance using handout 9-5
• Use pages 277 and 278 of the textbook to
create a timeline of the events that caused
the Red River Resistance
• Once you are done your timeline answer the
respond questions on page 278
9. Timeline
• April 1869 - Agreement between Canada, the HBC and the
British government to transfer Rupert’s Land to Canada
• July 1869 - Surveyors from Canada arrive well before the
transfer date
• October 1869 - Louis Riel stops surveyors
• November 1869 - Métis volunteers stop Canada’s
appointed Lt. Governor from entering Rupert’s Land and
Métis annex Fort Garry
• December 1869 - Métis declare provisional Government
• Could also include decline of buffalo or crop failures
sometime in the fall, no date specified in the tb
10. Review Questions pg 278
• 2 - Transfer of land or the surveyors, not
talking with the people who lived their
• 3 - Canadian government showed a lack of
respect for the Métis, alarming them
• 4 - where not consulted over the sale and
the sending of surveyors indicates the
government will not include them as
citizens
11. Words that Words that Words that
Challenge describe describe the
Canada’s Idea Canada peoples of
of Citizenship Rupert’s Land
“we refuse” “Strange Powers” “peoples of Rupert’s
“prevent being enslaved” “pretends to have the Land and the North
rights to coerce us” West”
“sacred right”
“This people”
“ready to enter into
negotiations” “country”
12. • Group read page 279 and answer the
respond questions
13. • What are criteria for having a rebellion?
• Based on the information you have do you
think the Métis should have Rebelled
according to our criteria?
14. Questions for Riel
• On May 30th Louis Riel is visiting our class
• I want you to find out as much information
from the textbook and other media sources
to prepare yourself for his visit
• Because I want you to be able to ask Riel
questions to find out the truth, because you
need to remember that the victor writes the
history
15. Who is Louis Riel
• According to your textbook Louis Riel history
goes like this:
Born at St.Boniface in the Red River Settlement in the
1850’s
At 14 he left to attend College do Montreal to receive
an advanced education (he was a good student)
Learnt to speak English, French and Cree and was
advantageous to living in the Red River Settlement
He moved back to Red River in 1868 and due to his
education saw an opportunity to turn Red River into a
province in order to better negotiate with Canada in
order to improve the Red Rivers chances in getting
what they want out of a Confederation deal
16. 1869 the Métis formed a provisional
government with out elections and chose Riel
as the president
2 months later elections were called and Riel
was elected president
In 1870 Riel created local elections for all
cultures (Francophone, Anglophone, Catholic
and Protestant) in the Red River area and had
20 representatives form a government, they
chose Riel as their leader again
17. You Decide
• Read pages 282-285 and answer the respond
questions as you go
• At the end I want you to decide which person,
Nathaniel Langford or Robert Cunningham,
presented a more accurate view of Louis Riel
• Write a paragraph explaining why you chose
which one
Keep in mind both men’s biases
Use evidence (red letters in textbook are primary
sources)
Keep in mind your information about Riel from your
book and the respond questions you answered
18. The Manitoba Act
• The Red River Resistance ended in the
negotiation of the Manitoba Act between
Canada and The Provisional Government
and the establishment of the province of
Manitoba
19. • The Manitoba Act was a compromise between all
the people involved in the Red River Resistance
Métis wanted elected government, protection of
Catholic Religion and French language, and rights to
the land they lived on
Canadiens wanted bilingual and bicultural rights
protected
First Nations wanted recognition of rights and land
Anglophones from Ontario wanted to move west into
Manitoba
The Canadian Government wanted land to build a
railway to B.C.
20. What Compromise did the
Manitoba Act Strike?
• Acknowledged First Nations rights to land
• Recognized Métis rights to land
• Committed public funding for Protestant and
Catholic schools
• Made Manitoba a province with its own
provincial government and the right to elect
representatives to the federal government
• Made French and English the official
languages of Manitoba’s Provincial
Government
21. • Did not specify what land was for First Nations or
Métis
• Did not outline a process for dealing with First
Nation rights
• Did not give Manitoba control over public lands, all
other provinces got control when joining
Confederation
• Made Manitoba small in population. Also defined
qualified voters as permanent residents, most Métis
could not meet this standard because of the time they
spent out of province hunting buffalo or fur trading
22. • put information about the Manitoba Act
into a chart where you can show
compromises for the minority (Métis, First
Nations and Canadiens) and Compromises
for Anglophones in the east
24. • Read page 290-291 and answer the respond
question
25. • Read ALL of page 292 and 293 and answer
the respond questions
26. Second Métis Uprising
• look at the picture on page 294, what does it
tell you?
buffalo overhunted
Métis and First Nations rely on buffalo for their
food supply
Food supply is low in these communities do to
massive buffalo hunts by American, Canadian
and European hunters
The fur trade also depleted animal levels, so the
First Nation and Métis were running out of food
27. Resettlement in South
Branch
• page 293 shows a map of the settlement of
South Branch
• circle shows the
location of south
branch communities
in what became
Saskatchewan
28. Problems at South Branch
• Canada’s police force for Rupert's land, the
North West Mounted police were
notoriously mean to Métis and First Nations
• Land surveyors arrived in the 1870’s to
device how to route the national railway
from Winnipeg to Edmonton to B.C.
• Land Speculators arrived to buy land along
the railway route from the Canadian
government to turn a profit
29. • surveyors and speculators bought land and
picked land with Métis farms on it for their
railways and business ventures
• Métis petitioned the Canadian government
for recognition of their land, but he
government did not respond because they
were more interested in finishing the
national railway system
30. • 1884, Gabriel Dumont, A South Branch
leader went to Montana to find the exiled
Louis Riel
• Louis Riel left his wife, children and job as
a teacher to go to South Branch to talk to
the people living their in hopes of finding a
solution to their problems
31. • Louis Riel returns to South Branch and
promises to help negotiate with the
Canadian government
• Louis Riel sends multiple petitions to the
Canadian government on behalf of the
South Branch peoples, but nothing is
responded to
• Rumors fly of Canadian troops being sent to
SouthBranch
32. • Amid the Rumors, Louis Riel helps the
leaders organize a government at South
Branch
• The Métis, and First Nations decide to
declare war on Canada based off skirmishes
they have with the North West Mounted
Police and the rumors of Canadian troops
heading to South Branch
• Many Anglophone, Métis and white settlers
wish to stay neutral
33. • Rumors were false
• however after declaring war against
Canada, the Canadian government decides
to send 600 troops to Batoche to confront
the Métis
• Battle of Batoche lasts 3 days, 100 Métis
and Canadian soldiers die
• Riel surrenders to Canadian troops
34. • Riel is given a trial and is hanged in Ontario
• His jury was composed only of
Anglophones
• A member of the jury remarked “We tried
Riel for treason, but he was hanged for the
murder of Thomas Scott.”
• Read page 299 and answer the respond
questions
36. Louis Riel Debate
• Should Canada have an official Louis Riel
Day?
To prepare for this debate answer the following
questions:
Did Louis Riel have a positive influence on
Canadian history?
Did Louis Riel do anything controversial?
Are there any groups of people who idolize
Louis Riel? Are there any groups of people
who hate Louis Riel?
38. • Read the cartoon at the bottom of page 300
What is the message this cartoon is trying to
send?
• read the captions and answer the questions on the
left hand side of the page to figure it out
39. • After the Second Métis uprising Manitoba’s
government passed the Manitoba School
Act
Eliminated French as Manitoba’s official
second language
Abolished funding for public French Catholic
Schools
40. Why did the Manitoba School
Act Occur?
• Demographic Changes
When the Manitoba Act was negotiated more
than 50% of the population was French
speaking
By 1890 immigration from Ontario and Europe
decreased the population of French speaking
Catholics to 15%
Canada’s government advertised free land in
Manitoba only in Protestant, English speaking
neighborhoods in Canada and Europe
41. • Read page 301 and answer the respond
questions
42. • Metis move west again
• read as a group pages 302-304
