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WELCOME TO MAHARASHTRA SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
The Maharashtra Small Scale Industries Development Corporation Ltd., popularly known as MSSIDC, was established on
October 19, 1962 with a view to giving a new orientation and strength to the development of Small Scale Industries in the State of
Maharashtra. The main objective of MSSIDC is to aid, counsel, assist, finance, protect and promote the interests of Small
Industries. The Corporation renders assistance to approximately 30000 SSI units in the State.
MSSIDC plays a vital role in revival, development and growth of traditional handicrafts of Maharashtra by responding
to the diversified need s of rural artisans and marketing their products in India as well as abroad.

Over the years, MSSIDC has grown to become India's leading Small Scale Industries Development Corporation,
continuously responding to the expanding and diversified needs of Small Scale Industries, Village and Cottage
Industries, providing support services like Training and Entrepreneurship Development Programme.




MSSIDC's Marketing -

Maharashtra has a rich tradition of excellence in manufacturing. The different products manufactured by the Small
Scale Industry (SSI) Units from Maharashtra are second to none in quality.

MSSIDC gives a complete support right from how to set up a SSI unit to selling the products in the market to
arranging an appropriate finance. Thus, MSSIDC provides a tailor-made service to fulfill the specific needs of Small
Scale Units.

MSSIDC's mandate is now expanded to include Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises known as MSME.



SSI Criteria -

Government of India's Ministry for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) has established following criteria for
the SSI as of year 2010.



Manufacturing Units -

Investment in Installed capacity of Plant, Machinery & Equipment other than Land and Building -

1) Micro - up to 25 lakh

2) Small - 1 Crore, for certain segments upto 5 crore

3) Medium - up to 10 crore
Services Units -

Investment in Equipment other than Land and Building -

1) Micro - up to 10 lakh

2) Small - 2 Crore

3) Medium - up to 10 crore



Status of Marketing Assistance -

There is a steady growth in marketing turnover from 2005-06 onwards. More than 1200 units are registered with
MSSIDC for Marketing assistance. During the year 2008-09, assistance was provided to 465 nos. of units. The total
turnover for marketing activity during year 2008-09 was Rs. 181.01 Crore (i.e. Rs.1.81 billion).



RAW MATERIALS SUPPLY ASSISTANCE TO SSI UNITS -

Raw Materials such as Steel and Coal are important for uninterrupted production. Small Scale Units require assured
and consistant supply of these critical Raw Materials to ensure the quality of their products, in-time production and
maintaining the delivery schedules.

MSSIDC procures raw materials from main producers and supplies the same to SSI units. At present Corporation is
supplying following raw material to the Small Scale Industries:

1. Iron & Steel

2. Coal

SSI units requiring above raw materials have to apply to MSSIDC and complete registration procedure with IDC and
MSSIDC.

MSSIDC procures the raw materials only from Central Government or State Government Public Sector Corporations
& Undertakings.




Commercial Warehousing:
Commercial Warehousing is another important activity of MSSIDC.
Under this activity MSSIDC makes available their godowns located at various places to the Government
organisations, Public Sector Undertaking, Small Scale Industries, other industries for storing their products for the
benefits of Industrial units.
Provides warehousing facility at Godowns located at varous places to Public Sector Undertakings .

MSSIDC also undertakes the handling of the material, if desired by the customer.
Following are the locations and the space details of the godowns which has spread in Maharashtra
Location of the Godown                                                                       Details of space available


Laghu Udyog Bhavan,                                                                          Area of Plot: 26438 sq.ft.
Plot No. 1, Near Digvijay
Cement Factory,                                                                              Basement - 8694 sq.ft.
Sewree (E),                                                                                  Ground floor - 7944 sq.ft.
Mumbai-400015                                                                                First floor - 9135 sq.ft.
                                                                                             Second floor - 2303 sq.ft
                                                                                             Third floor - 2263 sq.ft.
                                                                                             Open area - 17699 sq.ft


2 Plot No. 53, Near BPT Hospital,                                                            Open Area - 29581 sq.ft.
Nadkarni Park Road,                                                                          Covered Area - 7500 sq.ft.
Wadala (East)
Mumbai


Plot No.A-301, Road No. 33,                                                                  Open Area: 3000 sq.ft.
Wagle Estate,

Thane


7 Plot No.D-10, Road No. 33                                                                  Open Area - 35000 sq.ft.
Wagle Estate,

Thane


Plot No. 480, Opp. Libra Weigh Bridge,Near Truck Terminal, Kalamboli, Taluka Panvel, Dist.   Open Area - 234823 sq.ft.
Raigad
                                                                                             Covered Area - 34433 sq.ft.


Plot No.51,52,56,57 & 58,                                                                    Open Area - 74165 sq.ft.
Block - D, MIDC, Chinchwad, Pune
                                                                                             Covered Area -

                                                                                             a) 4320 sq.ft. old godown

                                                                                             b) 3854 sq.ft. Groud Floor, New B
                                                                                             Semi-Covered - 2596 sq.ft.
A-2/3, MIDC,                                                                                Open Area - 12109 sq.ft.
Opp. State Bank of India, Ahmednagar                                                        Covered Area - 147 sq.ft.




Handicrafts Exhibition

Exhibitions are best vehicles to showcase the products. It is a place to have a direct interface with buyers anywhere
in the world. It offers great opportunities for business development and marketing of products and services.

MSSIDC regularly participates in the Handicraft Exhibition organized by the Development Commissioner in India and
abroad. It acts as a nodal agency on the behalf of the Government of Maharashtra and thus provides a national and
international forum for the SSI Units to market their products.



1) Craft Bazar Nashik ( 17.3.2012 to 26.3.2012)

2) Calender of exhibition proposed during 2012-2013



Paithani (Marathi:        ) is a variety of sari, named after the Paithan town in Aurangabad Maharashtra state
where they are woven by hand. Made from very fine silk, it is considered as one of the richest saris in Maharashtra.

Paithani is characterised by borders of an oblique square design, and a pallu with a peacock design. Plain as well
as silver - gold butti designs are available. Among other varieties, single colored and kaleidoscope-colored designs
are also popular. The kaleidoscopic effect is achieved by using one color for weaving lengthwise and another for
weaving widthwise.

Handicraft:

MSSIDC is a Nodal agency for implementation of various schemes for development of handicrafts and to preserve
the languishing arts of handicrafts in the State of Maharashtra. MSSIDC implements the schemes for development of
handicrafts of State Government as well as Government of India.

Handicraft Artisans can register themselves with MSSIDC. MSSIDC also undertakes periodic surveys to register
artisans. In addition to giving prime display space for selling at MSSIDC's Marhati Emporia and annual exhibitions,
MSSIDC provides training to next generation of younger artisans and supports artisans through assistance.



Some of the well-known handicrafts of Maharashtra are -

Kolhapuri Chappal - Leather Footwear -
Kolhapuri chappal making is a major handicraft industry that employees over 20,000 craftspersons in the district.
Kolhapuri chappals are flat, intricately patterned, handcrafted leather footwear traditionally made in Kolhapur by the
community whose hereditary occupation is tanning and leather work. Originally the footwear was made for daily use
by farmers and field workers but the simple ingenious design has reached out to a wider spectrum of people all over
the world. The cords used to stitch the sandals are made of leather. Surprisingly, no nails are used in their making.
Made of buffalo hide, fine goat leather is used for the plaited strips that decorate their upper portion. Dyed in natural
tan, deep maroon, mustard yellow and dark brown colours they are decorated with leather braids and golden zari
(tinsel) cords. Though traditional designs have thong-like straps with a toe strap for further strength, the craftsmen
now produce simple variants of these designs such as kachkadi, bakkalnali and pukari. Numerous designs, along
with the introduction of new colours, have evolved over time to cater to contemporary demands.



Warli Painting -




Living in Thane district of Maharashtra, the Warli tribe is known for the sacred pictographs that they paint on the walls
of their huts during wedding rituals. Rice paste and straw was smeared on the walls as base and motifs inspired from
their life, nature, epics, legends, local incidents and tales painted on it with a brush made of twigs. Palaghata, the
goddess of trees and plants symbolizing creative energy, is the central theme of these paintings. The visual energy of
the Warli painting is attained through line drawings of multitudes of tiny human forms engaged in hunting, dancing or
cultivating land, colour is not the main criteria. In recent years the medium of these painting has transferred to paper
and cloth layered with cowdung paste which produces the characteristic natural and dull background with the motifs
painted white.
Wooden Toys -




Sawantwadi is popularly identified with wooden toys that are made from mango tree. Though the craft is traditionally
done by the Chitari, other communities have also adopted this craft due to its commercial success. The toys are
made by several techniques: wood and lac turnery, by assembling flat shaped pieces and by sculpting solid wood.
Seasoned mango wood is turned into cylindrical shapes with chisels and, its surface finished. At least four to five toys
are turned together on the lathe at a time. Before removing the turned items, lac mixed with colours is applied to the
finished surface. These are separated and the base of each item is finished with a sander. Toys are also made by
cutting different profiles with the jigsaw, which are later assembled into a whole product. The cutout pieces are
finished on a sander, smoothened with sandpaper, painted and assembled.



Ganjifa Cards -




They are circular playing cards made from paper that is covered with a mixture of tamarind seed powder and oil,
painted and coated with lac. Darbari cards have decorative borders and Bazaar cards are without borders. It used to
be a popular pastime at the Indian courts. The classic Mughal ganjifa with its 96 cards and 8 suits penetrated into
the social milieu of India and the Deccan that later, with its themes and characters from Hindu mythology, gained
widespread acceptance. The most popular was the Dashavatar depicting the ten incarnation of Vishnu. Ganjifa cards
were introduced in Sawantwadi. The Chitari community in Sawantwadi, known for their skill in lacware and wood
craft, learnt to make these cards. Today the cards are used as gift items and educational aids.



Silverware -                    - ('Chandi Che Kaam')
Silver artifacts, an integral part of Maharashtrian religious ceremonies has now evolved into a flourishing trade.
Untreated silver is first melted, allowed to take the desired shape and size in rectangular moulds, and intricate
designs are created by using embossing tools. Parts of the products are made separately and then soldered
together. The final matt or gloss polishing is done with a brush using soapnut powder solution. Silver jewellery is an
ancient craft of Hupri. Silversmiths at Hupri specializing in making popular oxidized jewellery embellish it further with
meenakari and patterns based on the delicate shape of the papal tree, the champak, babul and aonla flowers and the
ambi (mango).



Bidriware -




Bidri is a specialized and refined technique using complicated sequences of inlay and enamelling found only in India
that follows in essence the techniques of the Persian way of inlaying gold and silver on steel or copper. It involves
four distinct processes of casting, engraving, inlaying and finishing. The principle of sandcasting is integral to the
manufacture of bidriware. Once the object is made and smoothened with sandpaper and blackened, a kalam is used
to chisel the required design, and then strands of silver wire are hammered into these grooves. If the design is
chiseled into larger patterns, small pieces of silver and brass cut out from sheets are pressed in. A black colour is
given to the surface and rendered permanent by rubbing it with a mixture of earth and ammonium chloride after
heating it slightly. When burnished with oil, the inlay is revealed. Bidri uses a rust-proof and non-corrosive metal alloy
which is believed to be an ingenious innovation introduced at Bidar. This form of decoration is often worked on round
containers such as bowls, as well as caskets, jewellery boxes and other small boxes and includes delightful
combinations of fine lattice work interspersed with floral clusters, leaves and flowers. There are two principle
techniques - tarkashi (inlay of wire) and tehnishan (inlay of metal sheets).



Dhurrie Weaving -
Satrangi, sataranji, striped flat weave dhurries are woven on frame looms in several districts of Maharashtra - which
is one of the largest cotton-growing states of the country. The weavers of the Maniyar community weave three types
of dhurries - plain flat weave shataranji, jainamaaz, prayer mats, with single or multiple prayer niches, and chindi or
rag dhurries. They are woven in various sizes. Chindi dhurries are being woven by displaced mill workers from the
Vidarbha region who have been assisted and trained by NGOs to produce these rugs. Cotton dhurries are used as
floor spreads to sit or sleep on, and as prayer mats with the prayer niche placed in the direction of Mecca.



Banjara Embroidery -




The nomadic banjara communities, who trace their origins in Rajasthan, create beautiful embellishments on cloth.
The Banjara women, locally referred to as Lamani, make symmetrical embroidery by lifting the wrap thread of the
fabric with a fine needle and making triangles, diamonds and lozenges, parallel to the weft thread, giving the effect of
an extra weft weave. They specialize in making borders of long skirts that are part of their traditional costume. The
base cloth is usually, handwoven madder (red-coloured cloth), over which embroidery is done in yellow, green, red,
off-white and black. Cowrie shells and tassels are also used with the embroidery. Since this embroidery is laborious
and time-consuming it is usually done when the women are free from their main occupation of harvesting sugarcane.
Bamboo Work -

Bamboo workers of the Thakur community make baskets, fans, containers and ghoghada or rain shield that are
treated to prevent attack from moths and to ensure durability making them popular with the locals. The technique of
basket weaving is similar to cloth weaving. A variety of techniques are used to make shapes. Thakur, Mahadev Koli,
Kokna and Warli are some of the tribal communities residing in Raigad and Thane districts are engaged in Bamboo
work.



Brass Musical Instruments -                         (     ,        व         )




Taal, Jhansh and Ghanta are metal instruments which accompany songs and rituals. Taal and jhanjh are both
circular paired brass percussion instruments played by striking the two heads together. Taal is a small-sized
instrument in which the pair is tied together with a string. The jhanjh is like a cymbal and used during the community
festivals and also during weddings. They are now made by the sandcasting technique though until some years back
they were made by beating the metal into the required shape.

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Welcome to maharashtra small scale industries

  • 1. WELCOME TO MAHARASHTRA SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION The Maharashtra Small Scale Industries Development Corporation Ltd., popularly known as MSSIDC, was established on October 19, 1962 with a view to giving a new orientation and strength to the development of Small Scale Industries in the State of Maharashtra. The main objective of MSSIDC is to aid, counsel, assist, finance, protect and promote the interests of Small Industries. The Corporation renders assistance to approximately 30000 SSI units in the State. MSSIDC plays a vital role in revival, development and growth of traditional handicrafts of Maharashtra by responding to the diversified need s of rural artisans and marketing their products in India as well as abroad. Over the years, MSSIDC has grown to become India's leading Small Scale Industries Development Corporation, continuously responding to the expanding and diversified needs of Small Scale Industries, Village and Cottage Industries, providing support services like Training and Entrepreneurship Development Programme. MSSIDC's Marketing - Maharashtra has a rich tradition of excellence in manufacturing. The different products manufactured by the Small Scale Industry (SSI) Units from Maharashtra are second to none in quality. MSSIDC gives a complete support right from how to set up a SSI unit to selling the products in the market to arranging an appropriate finance. Thus, MSSIDC provides a tailor-made service to fulfill the specific needs of Small Scale Units. MSSIDC's mandate is now expanded to include Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises known as MSME. SSI Criteria - Government of India's Ministry for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) has established following criteria for the SSI as of year 2010. Manufacturing Units - Investment in Installed capacity of Plant, Machinery & Equipment other than Land and Building - 1) Micro - up to 25 lakh 2) Small - 1 Crore, for certain segments upto 5 crore 3) Medium - up to 10 crore
  • 2. Services Units - Investment in Equipment other than Land and Building - 1) Micro - up to 10 lakh 2) Small - 2 Crore 3) Medium - up to 10 crore Status of Marketing Assistance - There is a steady growth in marketing turnover from 2005-06 onwards. More than 1200 units are registered with MSSIDC for Marketing assistance. During the year 2008-09, assistance was provided to 465 nos. of units. The total turnover for marketing activity during year 2008-09 was Rs. 181.01 Crore (i.e. Rs.1.81 billion). RAW MATERIALS SUPPLY ASSISTANCE TO SSI UNITS - Raw Materials such as Steel and Coal are important for uninterrupted production. Small Scale Units require assured and consistant supply of these critical Raw Materials to ensure the quality of their products, in-time production and maintaining the delivery schedules. MSSIDC procures raw materials from main producers and supplies the same to SSI units. At present Corporation is supplying following raw material to the Small Scale Industries: 1. Iron & Steel 2. Coal SSI units requiring above raw materials have to apply to MSSIDC and complete registration procedure with IDC and MSSIDC. MSSIDC procures the raw materials only from Central Government or State Government Public Sector Corporations & Undertakings. Commercial Warehousing: Commercial Warehousing is another important activity of MSSIDC. Under this activity MSSIDC makes available their godowns located at various places to the Government organisations, Public Sector Undertaking, Small Scale Industries, other industries for storing their products for the benefits of Industrial units.
  • 3. Provides warehousing facility at Godowns located at varous places to Public Sector Undertakings . MSSIDC also undertakes the handling of the material, if desired by the customer. Following are the locations and the space details of the godowns which has spread in Maharashtra Location of the Godown Details of space available Laghu Udyog Bhavan, Area of Plot: 26438 sq.ft. Plot No. 1, Near Digvijay Cement Factory, Basement - 8694 sq.ft. Sewree (E), Ground floor - 7944 sq.ft. Mumbai-400015 First floor - 9135 sq.ft. Second floor - 2303 sq.ft Third floor - 2263 sq.ft. Open area - 17699 sq.ft 2 Plot No. 53, Near BPT Hospital, Open Area - 29581 sq.ft. Nadkarni Park Road, Covered Area - 7500 sq.ft. Wadala (East) Mumbai Plot No.A-301, Road No. 33, Open Area: 3000 sq.ft. Wagle Estate, Thane 7 Plot No.D-10, Road No. 33 Open Area - 35000 sq.ft. Wagle Estate, Thane Plot No. 480, Opp. Libra Weigh Bridge,Near Truck Terminal, Kalamboli, Taluka Panvel, Dist. Open Area - 234823 sq.ft. Raigad Covered Area - 34433 sq.ft. Plot No.51,52,56,57 & 58, Open Area - 74165 sq.ft. Block - D, MIDC, Chinchwad, Pune Covered Area - a) 4320 sq.ft. old godown b) 3854 sq.ft. Groud Floor, New B Semi-Covered - 2596 sq.ft.
  • 4. A-2/3, MIDC, Open Area - 12109 sq.ft. Opp. State Bank of India, Ahmednagar Covered Area - 147 sq.ft. Handicrafts Exhibition Exhibitions are best vehicles to showcase the products. It is a place to have a direct interface with buyers anywhere in the world. It offers great opportunities for business development and marketing of products and services. MSSIDC regularly participates in the Handicraft Exhibition organized by the Development Commissioner in India and abroad. It acts as a nodal agency on the behalf of the Government of Maharashtra and thus provides a national and international forum for the SSI Units to market their products. 1) Craft Bazar Nashik ( 17.3.2012 to 26.3.2012) 2) Calender of exhibition proposed during 2012-2013 Paithani (Marathi: ) is a variety of sari, named after the Paithan town in Aurangabad Maharashtra state where they are woven by hand. Made from very fine silk, it is considered as one of the richest saris in Maharashtra. Paithani is characterised by borders of an oblique square design, and a pallu with a peacock design. Plain as well as silver - gold butti designs are available. Among other varieties, single colored and kaleidoscope-colored designs are also popular. The kaleidoscopic effect is achieved by using one color for weaving lengthwise and another for weaving widthwise. Handicraft: MSSIDC is a Nodal agency for implementation of various schemes for development of handicrafts and to preserve the languishing arts of handicrafts in the State of Maharashtra. MSSIDC implements the schemes for development of handicrafts of State Government as well as Government of India. Handicraft Artisans can register themselves with MSSIDC. MSSIDC also undertakes periodic surveys to register artisans. In addition to giving prime display space for selling at MSSIDC's Marhati Emporia and annual exhibitions, MSSIDC provides training to next generation of younger artisans and supports artisans through assistance. Some of the well-known handicrafts of Maharashtra are - Kolhapuri Chappal - Leather Footwear -
  • 5. Kolhapuri chappal making is a major handicraft industry that employees over 20,000 craftspersons in the district. Kolhapuri chappals are flat, intricately patterned, handcrafted leather footwear traditionally made in Kolhapur by the community whose hereditary occupation is tanning and leather work. Originally the footwear was made for daily use by farmers and field workers but the simple ingenious design has reached out to a wider spectrum of people all over the world. The cords used to stitch the sandals are made of leather. Surprisingly, no nails are used in their making. Made of buffalo hide, fine goat leather is used for the plaited strips that decorate their upper portion. Dyed in natural tan, deep maroon, mustard yellow and dark brown colours they are decorated with leather braids and golden zari (tinsel) cords. Though traditional designs have thong-like straps with a toe strap for further strength, the craftsmen now produce simple variants of these designs such as kachkadi, bakkalnali and pukari. Numerous designs, along with the introduction of new colours, have evolved over time to cater to contemporary demands. Warli Painting - Living in Thane district of Maharashtra, the Warli tribe is known for the sacred pictographs that they paint on the walls of their huts during wedding rituals. Rice paste and straw was smeared on the walls as base and motifs inspired from their life, nature, epics, legends, local incidents and tales painted on it with a brush made of twigs. Palaghata, the goddess of trees and plants symbolizing creative energy, is the central theme of these paintings. The visual energy of the Warli painting is attained through line drawings of multitudes of tiny human forms engaged in hunting, dancing or cultivating land, colour is not the main criteria. In recent years the medium of these painting has transferred to paper and cloth layered with cowdung paste which produces the characteristic natural and dull background with the motifs painted white.
  • 6. Wooden Toys - Sawantwadi is popularly identified with wooden toys that are made from mango tree. Though the craft is traditionally done by the Chitari, other communities have also adopted this craft due to its commercial success. The toys are made by several techniques: wood and lac turnery, by assembling flat shaped pieces and by sculpting solid wood. Seasoned mango wood is turned into cylindrical shapes with chisels and, its surface finished. At least four to five toys are turned together on the lathe at a time. Before removing the turned items, lac mixed with colours is applied to the finished surface. These are separated and the base of each item is finished with a sander. Toys are also made by cutting different profiles with the jigsaw, which are later assembled into a whole product. The cutout pieces are finished on a sander, smoothened with sandpaper, painted and assembled. Ganjifa Cards - They are circular playing cards made from paper that is covered with a mixture of tamarind seed powder and oil, painted and coated with lac. Darbari cards have decorative borders and Bazaar cards are without borders. It used to be a popular pastime at the Indian courts. The classic Mughal ganjifa with its 96 cards and 8 suits penetrated into the social milieu of India and the Deccan that later, with its themes and characters from Hindu mythology, gained widespread acceptance. The most popular was the Dashavatar depicting the ten incarnation of Vishnu. Ganjifa cards were introduced in Sawantwadi. The Chitari community in Sawantwadi, known for their skill in lacware and wood craft, learnt to make these cards. Today the cards are used as gift items and educational aids. Silverware - - ('Chandi Che Kaam')
  • 7. Silver artifacts, an integral part of Maharashtrian religious ceremonies has now evolved into a flourishing trade. Untreated silver is first melted, allowed to take the desired shape and size in rectangular moulds, and intricate designs are created by using embossing tools. Parts of the products are made separately and then soldered together. The final matt or gloss polishing is done with a brush using soapnut powder solution. Silver jewellery is an ancient craft of Hupri. Silversmiths at Hupri specializing in making popular oxidized jewellery embellish it further with meenakari and patterns based on the delicate shape of the papal tree, the champak, babul and aonla flowers and the ambi (mango). Bidriware - Bidri is a specialized and refined technique using complicated sequences of inlay and enamelling found only in India that follows in essence the techniques of the Persian way of inlaying gold and silver on steel or copper. It involves four distinct processes of casting, engraving, inlaying and finishing. The principle of sandcasting is integral to the manufacture of bidriware. Once the object is made and smoothened with sandpaper and blackened, a kalam is used to chisel the required design, and then strands of silver wire are hammered into these grooves. If the design is chiseled into larger patterns, small pieces of silver and brass cut out from sheets are pressed in. A black colour is given to the surface and rendered permanent by rubbing it with a mixture of earth and ammonium chloride after heating it slightly. When burnished with oil, the inlay is revealed. Bidri uses a rust-proof and non-corrosive metal alloy which is believed to be an ingenious innovation introduced at Bidar. This form of decoration is often worked on round containers such as bowls, as well as caskets, jewellery boxes and other small boxes and includes delightful combinations of fine lattice work interspersed with floral clusters, leaves and flowers. There are two principle techniques - tarkashi (inlay of wire) and tehnishan (inlay of metal sheets). Dhurrie Weaving -
  • 8. Satrangi, sataranji, striped flat weave dhurries are woven on frame looms in several districts of Maharashtra - which is one of the largest cotton-growing states of the country. The weavers of the Maniyar community weave three types of dhurries - plain flat weave shataranji, jainamaaz, prayer mats, with single or multiple prayer niches, and chindi or rag dhurries. They are woven in various sizes. Chindi dhurries are being woven by displaced mill workers from the Vidarbha region who have been assisted and trained by NGOs to produce these rugs. Cotton dhurries are used as floor spreads to sit or sleep on, and as prayer mats with the prayer niche placed in the direction of Mecca. Banjara Embroidery - The nomadic banjara communities, who trace their origins in Rajasthan, create beautiful embellishments on cloth. The Banjara women, locally referred to as Lamani, make symmetrical embroidery by lifting the wrap thread of the fabric with a fine needle and making triangles, diamonds and lozenges, parallel to the weft thread, giving the effect of an extra weft weave. They specialize in making borders of long skirts that are part of their traditional costume. The base cloth is usually, handwoven madder (red-coloured cloth), over which embroidery is done in yellow, green, red, off-white and black. Cowrie shells and tassels are also used with the embroidery. Since this embroidery is laborious and time-consuming it is usually done when the women are free from their main occupation of harvesting sugarcane.
  • 9. Bamboo Work - Bamboo workers of the Thakur community make baskets, fans, containers and ghoghada or rain shield that are treated to prevent attack from moths and to ensure durability making them popular with the locals. The technique of basket weaving is similar to cloth weaving. A variety of techniques are used to make shapes. Thakur, Mahadev Koli, Kokna and Warli are some of the tribal communities residing in Raigad and Thane districts are engaged in Bamboo work. Brass Musical Instruments - ( , व ) Taal, Jhansh and Ghanta are metal instruments which accompany songs and rituals. Taal and jhanjh are both circular paired brass percussion instruments played by striking the two heads together. Taal is a small-sized instrument in which the pair is tied together with a string. The jhanjh is like a cymbal and used during the community festivals and also during weddings. They are now made by the sandcasting technique though until some years back they were made by beating the metal into the required shape.