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Marinita Schumacher Key Principles of  Effective Communication
Effective Communication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is Communication? ,[object Object],Glenn & Smith, 1998
Components of Communication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Krallmann/ Ziemann, 2001 ,[object Object],participants have certain intensions when  communicating and understanding each other during communication  participants  refer to a socially  adapted set of signs in order to transmit a message there are continuous changes during communication
One can't not communicate! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Watzlawick, 1996 ! The effectiveness of any  communication depends  on how closely the receiver’s  understanding matches  the sender’s intent
Sender and Receiver   SIGNAL  SENDER RECEIVER  Schulz von Thun, 2001 encodes the meaning  in his mind to a signal deciphers this signal  so that a similar  meaning is stimulated  in his mind = a recognisable  term, the sum of the  messages in  interpersonal  communication The only message that matters  is the one the other person receives   !
Verbal and non-verbal signals   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Birkenbihl, 2005  ! Each message consists  of verbal and  non-verbal signals
A simple example from daily life ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Congruent and incongruent messages ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Steiger, 2002 ! Non-verbal signals  have stronger impact  than verbal signals
Implicit and explicit message   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Adams, 2003 ! There is a great danger of  misunderstanding in the  field of implicit messages
Filters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Standke, 1993
Meta-Level ,[object Object],[object Object],Watzlawick, 1996 ! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Four sides of a message SENDER RECEIVER  Schulz von Thun, 2001 SIGNAL Factual information Relationship   Self-revelation  Appeal  SIGNAL
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Explanations of the four sides Schulz von Thun, 2001
A simple example from daily life MOTHER SON  “ It‘s nice that you are here again“ Schulz von Thun, 2001 Relationship     “ You don‘t visit me enough“ Self-revelation “I am lonely”  Appeal  “Visit me more often” Factual information “ Your presence is nice“
Translations of the message ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],"Your presence is nice." "I am so lonely." "You don’t visit me enough." " You should visit me more often!" Schulz von Thun, 2001
“ Four ears" of the receiver ,[object Object],SIGNAL Schulz von Thun, 2001 SIGNAL Factual information  Appeal  Relationship Self-revelation
Four questions to grasp all messages ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Schulz von Thun, 2001 ,[object Object],What is this telling me about the other person? What does the other person want me to know about  myself  and about our relationship? What does he want to achieve?
Check-list for the receiver ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Barriers of Effective Communication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],by selecting only certain elements from a message, hearing an expected message style, tone, speed different  perceptions,   meanings that different people  attach to the same word
Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bibliographie ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Key Principles of Communication by Madam. Marinita Schumacher

  • 1. Marinita Schumacher Key Principles of Effective Communication
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  • 6. Sender and Receiver SIGNAL SENDER RECEIVER Schulz von Thun, 2001 encodes the meaning in his mind to a signal deciphers this signal so that a similar meaning is stimulated in his mind = a recognisable term, the sum of the messages in interpersonal communication The only message that matters is the one the other person receives !
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. Four sides of a message SENDER RECEIVER Schulz von Thun, 2001 SIGNAL Factual information Relationship Self-revelation Appeal SIGNAL
  • 14.
  • 15. A simple example from daily life MOTHER SON “ It‘s nice that you are here again“ Schulz von Thun, 2001 Relationship “ You don‘t visit me enough“ Self-revelation “I am lonely” Appeal “Visit me more often” Factual information “ Your presence is nice“
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  • 22.