The 85 Indian troopers were court martialled in Meerut for refusing to use new cartridges rumored to contain cow and pig fat. On May 10th, the troopers stormed the jail and released their comrades, and civilians joined in killing 50 Europeans. The revolt quickly spread due to political, social, religious, economic and administrative grievances under the British East India Company's rule. Key centers of revolt included Meerut, Delhi, Kanpur and Jhansi. The revolt was suppressed by July 1858, and led to control of India being transferred to the British Crown and more involvement of Indians in administration.

1. 

2. 
 On 9th May 1857, on the parade ground of Meerut, 85
Indian troopers were court martialled.
 Their Crime: -These troopers had refused to load
their rifles with the new cartridges
 A rumour had spread that the new cartridge
contained the fat of cow and pig.
The revolt of 1857

3. 
 On 10th May 1857 men of 3rd Light Cavalry stormed
the barracks jail and released their comrades.
 Soon the Indian civilians joined the mutineers and
killed about 50 Europeans.
 The news spread like wild fire. The already
simmering anger against British burst out into a
violent storm.

4. 
Political Causes
Social Causes
Religious Causes
Economic Causes
Administrative Causes
Military Causes
Causes of revolt

5. 
 Lord Dalhousie’s policy of annexation and the Doctrine of
lapse had made the Indian rulers angry and insecure.
 The Rani of Jhansi Laxmibai was not allowed to adopt a
son.
 In case of disputed interpretation, the decision of the East
India Company was binding & that of the court of the
Directors was final.
 Regal titles of the Nawab of Carnatic & Tanjore were
abolished. The imperial title of the Moghul Emperor was
discontinued after Bahadur Shah II.
Political causes

6. 
 The pension of Nana Saheb (Peshwa Baji Rao II’s
adopted son) was stopped.
 In case of a dispute, the decision of the East India
Company was binding and that of the court of the
directors was final.
 The Muslim feelings had been badly hurt when after
the death of Bahadur Shah II, Lord Canning took
away regal titles and Moghul palaces
 .Thousands became unemployed when the English,
under Lord Dalhousie annexed Oudh.
Political causes

7. 
 Lord Canning Lord Dalhousie
British

8. 
 Hindus and Muslims were forced into Christianity.
 British Officers abused the name of Ram and
Muhammad.
 Idolatry was denounced. Hindu deities were
ridiculed.
Religious causes

9. 
 The British were rude and used abusive and
insultive language.
 The practice of sati was abolished. Child marriage,
infanticide and polygamy were not allowed.
 The European juries allowed European criminals
with little or no punishment.
Social causes

10. 
 The British had drained India of all her wealth and
natural resources by selfish economic policies.
 Unrest spread among the landlords of Bengal when
William Bentinck took away rent free estates from
them.
Economic causes

11. 
 Unrest spread among the landlords of Bengal when
William Bentinck took away rent free estates from
them.
 Lord Dalhousie confiscated thousands of jagirs in
the Deccan.
 After Oudh was annexed, the estates of Zamindars
and Taluqdars were confiscated.
 High posts and handsome salaries were given to the
British. This caused frustration amongst Indians.
Administrative causes

12. 
 Immense discrimination between the Indians and the
British.
 The Indian sepoys were deprived of high salaries and
promotions. The highest post for an Indian was that of the
Subedar.
 New recruits had to travel across the sea. It was
forbidden as per Hindu belief. The British army exposed
its vulnerability in the First Afghan war, the Sikh war and
the Crimean war.
 The Indian sepoys were required to work far off without
extra payment.
 The privilege of free postage enjoyed by the sepoys was
withdrawn with the passing of the Post Office Act 1854.
Military causes

13. 
 MEERUT
 DELHI
 OUDH
 KANPUR
 JHANSI & GWALIOR
Jhansi ki rani
Important centres of
revolt

14. 
 The revolt was completely suppressed and crushed
by July 1858.
Outcome of revolt

15. 
 The revolt was localized and was poorly organized.
 The British had better resources than the rebels.
 The revolt was feudal in character.The leaders lacked
military skills.The native princes did not join the
revolt.
Causes of failure of revolt

16. 
 … the revolt was considered to be an awakener and the
first effort towards the freedom and independence.
..the British just considered it to be a mere military
revolt.
 The control of Indian administration was transferred
form the company to the crown by the GOI Act 1858
 The Queen promised to respect Rights & dignity.
General amnesty to all offenders except murders.
 The Indian army was reorganised. Included Sikhs,
Gurkhas & Pathans.
Major impact of revolt-

17. 
 The Mughal dynasty ended with the extinction of
Bahadur Shah II & was replaced by British Crown.
 Freedom of religion granted.
 As per Queen’s Proclamation, more Indians joined
the administration.
 Racial animosity increased.
 The British introduced the policy of Divide & Rule
that led to the partition of India in 1947.
 The British exploited the economy further.
Major impact of revolt

18. 
Bahdur Shah Zafar

19. 
Thankyou
 MADE BY-
SOHAM CHAKRABORTY
SASWAT MUDULI
SARTHAK BANNERJEE PURI