Brief description of Genetics

1. What is "Genetics"? The Study of Heredity

3. Plant Cell What is "Genetics"?

4. What is "Genetics"? Cork Cells Onion Cells

5. Animal Cell What is "Genetics"?

6. What is "Genetics"? Human Cheek Cell Frog Blood Cells

7. Interesting Information About Cells… In a normal adult male, a small drop of blood contains approximately 5,000,000 cells. A drop of blood from an adult female contains about 500,000 fewer cells. What is "Genetics"?

8. AIDS Cell What is "Genetics"?

9. Salmonella Bacteria Cells What is "Genetics"?

10. Strepto- coccus pneumonia bacteria cells What is "Genetics"?

11. Herpes Virus Cell What is "Genetics"?

12. Influenza Virus Cells What is "Genetics"?

13. Ebola Virus Cells What is "Genetics"?

14. Interesting Information About Cells… The average human has about one hundred trillion cells! What is "Genetics"?

15. 2. Most cells have large circular shaped structures inside, which are called the nucleus . This is the “brain” of the cell – controlling everything about the cell. What is "Genetics"?

16. 3. Inside the nucleus are the chromosomes, which are composed of DNA , which stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. These are the instructions for absolutely everything that goes on within the organism. What is "Genetics"?

17. What is "Genetics"?

18. Random Fact… If you took all the DNA from each of the cells in your body and stretched it out end to end, it would be long enough to reach from the earth to the sun and back! What is "Genetics"?

19. 4. Each of your cells contains about 25,000 sets of instructions. What is "Genetics"?

24. 7. Gregor Mendel discovered much of what we know today about genetics through his work with pea plants. What is "Genetics"?

25. a. When crossing two pure tall pea plants, he found the results to be: all tall plants What is "Genetics"?

26. b. When he crossed two pure short plants, he got: all short pea plants What is "Genetics"?

28. d. Then he took the “babies” (offspring from letter c) and crossed them, and he got: 75% tall plants and 25% short pea plants What is "Genetics"?

29. Interesting Information About Cells… The first cells weren’t seen until 1673, by a Dutch scientist named Anton van Leeuwenhoek. He scraped plaque off his teeth and looked at it under a simple microscope that he built himself. What is "Genetics"?

30. 8. From his experiments, Mendel found that there are certain basics to genetics that we now call their foundation: What is "Genetics"?

32. a. Traits are passed down from one generation to the next generation . What is "Genetics"?

33. b. Traits are controlled by genes, which are found on chromosomes within the nucleus of cells in organisms. What is "Genetics"? So the order is Cells: nucleus:: chromosomes::: genes:::: DNA

38. e. Dominant genes mask recessive ones when one of each is inherited. What is "Genetics"?

39. f. Some traits don’t appear as dominant or recessive, but they appear as a mixture. This is called incomplete dominance . What is "Genetics"?

40. Random Fact… Eye color appears to be a trait that exhibits incomplete dominance, but its not really... There are at least two (if not more) genes that control eye color. That’s why there are so many shades of eye color in humans. Other traits that work this way include hair and skin color. What is "Genetics"?

41. 9. Identical twins are the only people that have the exact same DNA. What is "Genetics"?

44. Crossing DNA

45. 10. Some people argue that there is more to you than just what is in your genes. They think you are also influenced by the environment in which you live . What is "Genetics"?

46. 11. Scientists have completed a map of the human genome , which means that they know the exact location of all of the genes on all 23 pair of chromosomes. What is "Genetics"?

47. 12. Continued… girls have two X chromosomes. This is the main difference between males and females, and it is determined by the father’s sperm cell. What is "Genetics"?

48. 12. You receive half of your genes from your mother (her egg) and half from your father (his sperm). If you are a boy, you have one X and one Y as your 23rd pair; What is "Genetics"?